第 3 节
作者:老山文学      更新:2021-02-20 04:46      字数:9320
  CLOUD
  During a part of the year London does not see the clouds。               Not to see
  the clear sky might seem her chief loss; but that is shared by the rest of
  England; and is; besides; but a slight privation。          Not to see the clear sky is;
  elsewhere; to see the cloud。         But not so in London。          You may go for a
  week or two at a time; even though you hold your head up as you walk;
  and even though you have windows that really open; and yet you shall see
  no cloud; or but a single edge; the fragment of a form。
  Guillotine windows never wholly open; but are filled with a doubled
  glass towards the sky when you open them towards the street。                  They are;
  therefore; a sure sign that for all the years when no other windows were
  used in   London;  nobody  there cared   much   for   the sky;  or   even   knew  so
  much as whether there were a sky。
  But the privation of cloud is indeed a graver loss than the world knows。
  Terrestrial scenery is much; but it is not all。         Men go in search of it; but
  the celestial scenery journeys to them。           It goes its way round the world。
  It has no nation; it costs no weariness; it knows no bonds。             The terrestrial
  scenery  …   the   tourist's   …   is   a   prisoner   compared   with   this。 The   tourist's
  scenery   moves   indeed;   but   only   like   Wordsworth's   maiden;   with   earth's
  diurnal course; it is made as fast as its own graves。           And for its changes it
  depends upon the mobility of the skies。             The mere green flushing of its
  own sap makes only the least of its varieties; for the greater it must wait
  upon the visits of the light。      Spring and autumn are inconsiderable events
  in a landscape compared with the shadows of a cloud。
  The cloud controls the light; and the mountains on earth appear or fade
  according   to   its   passage;   they   wear   so   simply;   from   head   to   foot;   the
  luminous grey or the emphatic purple; as the cloud permits; that their own
  local colour and their own local season are lost and cease; effaced before
  the all…important mood of the cloud。
  The sea has no mood except that of the sky and of its winds。               It is the
  cloud that; holding the sun's rays in a sheaf as a giant holds a handful of
  spears;    strikes  the   horizon;   touches    the  extreme    edge   with   a  delicate
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  revelation of light; or suddenly puts it out and makes the foreground shine。
  Every one knows the manifest work of the cloud when it descends and
  partakes   in   the   landscape   obviously;   lies   half…way   across   the   mountain
  slope; stoops to rain heavily upon the lake; and blots out part of the view
  by the rough method of standing in front of it。 But its greatest things are
  done from its own place; aloft。          Thence does it distribute the sun。
  Thence does it lock away between the hills and valleys more mysteries
  than a poet conceals; but; like him; not by interception。 Thence it writes
  out and cancels all the tracery of Monte Rosa; or lets the pencils of the sun
  renew them。        Thence; hiding nothing; and yet making dark; it sheds deep
  colour upon the forest land of Sussex; so that; seen from the hills; all the
  country is divided between grave blue and graver sunlight。
  And   all this   is   but   its   influence;  its   secondary  work   upon the   world。
  Its own beauty is unaltered when it has no earthly beauty to improve。                       It
  is always great: above the street; above the suburbs; above the gas…works
  and   the   stucco;   above   the   faces   of   painted   white   houses   …   the   painted
  surfaces that have been devised as the only things able to vulgarise light;
  as   they   catch   it   and   reflect   it   grotesquely   from   their   importunate   gloss。
  This is to be well seen on a sunny evening in Regent Street。
  Even here the cloud is not so victorious as when it towers above some
  little landscape of rather paltry interest … a conventional river heavy with
  water;   gardens   with   their   little   evergreens;   walks;   and   shrubberies;   and
  thick trees impervious to the light; touched; as the novelists always have it;
  with 〃autumn tints。〃         High over these rises; in the enormous scale of the
  scenery   of   clouds;   what   no   man   expected   …   an   heroic   sky。    Few   of   the
  things that were ever done upon earth are great enough to be done under
  such a heaven。        It was surely designed for other days。              It is for an epic
  world。      Your    eyes    sweep    a  thousand     miles    of  cloud。    What     are   the
  distances   of   earth   to   these;   and   what   are   the   distances   of   the   clear   and
  cloudless sky? The very horizons of the landscape are near; for the round
  world     dips    so   soon;   and    the   distances     of  the   mere    clear    sky   are
  unmeasured … you rest upon nothing until you come to a star; and the star
  itself is immeasurable。
  But in the sky of 〃sunny Alps〃 of clouds the sight goes farther; with
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  conscious flight; than it could ever have journeyed otherwise。 Man would
  not    have    known      distance     veritably    without     the   clouds。    There     are
  mountains   indeed;   precipices   and   deeps;   to   which   those   of   the   earth   are
  pigmy。      Yet   the   sky…heights;   being   so   far   off;   are   not   overpowering   by
  disproportion;   like   some   futile   building   fatuously   made   too   big   for   the
  human measure。          The cloud in its majestic place composes with a little
  Perugino   tree。     For   you   stand   or   stray   in   the   futile   building;   while   the
  cloud is no mansion for man; and out of reach of his limitations。
  The   cloud;   moreover;   controls   the   sun;   not   merely   by   keeping   the
  custody   of   his   rays;   but   by   becoming   the   counsellor   of   his   temper。   The
  cloud veils an angry sun; or; more terribly; lets fly an angry ray; suddenly
  bright upon   tree   and tower;  with iron…grey  storm  for   a   background。              Or
  when anger had but threatened; the cloud reveals him; gentle beyond hope。
  It makes peace; constantly; just before sunset。
  It is in the confidence of the winds; and wears their colours。 There is a
  heavenly game; on south…west wind days; when the clouds are bowled by
  a   breeze   from   behind   the   evening。       They   are   round   and   brilliant;   and
  come      leaping    up   from   the   horizon     for  hours。    This     is  a  frolic  and
  haphazard sky。
  All unlike this is the sky that has a centre; and stands composed about
  it。   As the clouds marshalled the earthly mountains; so the clouds in turn
  are   now   ranged。      The   tops   of   all   the   celestial Andes   aloft   are   swept   at
  once   by   a   single   ray;   warmed   with   a   single   colour。    Promontory   after
  league…long promontory of a stiller Mediterranean in the sky is called out
  of mist and grey by the same finger。              The cloudland is very great; but a
  sunbeam makes all its nations and continents sudden with light。
  All this is for the untravelled。         All the winds bring him this scenery。
  It is only in London; for part of the autumn and part of the winter; that the
  unnatural smoke…fog comes between。                And for many and many a day no
  London eye can see the horizon; or the first threat of the cloud like a man's
  hand。     There never was a great painter who had not exquisite horizons;
  and if Corot and Crome were right; the Londoner loses a great thing。
  He loses the coming of the cloud; and when it is high in air he loses its
  shape。     A cloud…lover is not content to see a snowy and rosy head piling
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  into the top of the heavens; he wants to see the base and the altitude。                 The
  perspective of a cloud is a great part of its design … whether it lies so that
  you    can   look   along    the  immense      horizontal    distances    of  its  floor;  or
  whether it rears so upright a pillar that you look up its mountain steeps in
  the sky as you look at the rising heights of a mountain that stands; with
  you; on the earth。
  The   cloud   has   a   name   suggesting   darkness;   nevertheless;   it   is   not
  merely   the   guardian   of   the   sun's   rays   and   their   director。 It   is   the   sun's