第 23 节
作者:
敏儿不觉 更新:2021-02-19 21:45 字数:9322
attention of any man in power; and should thus be the means of
applying any remedy to the most inveterate evils; at least; I
have obtained my whole desire; and shall have lain so long
wind…bound in the ports of this kingdom to some purpose。 I
would; indeed; have this workwhich; if I should live to finish
it; a matter of no great certainty; if indeed of any great hope
to me; will be probably the last I shall ever undertaketo
produce some better end than the mere diversion of the reader。
Monday。This day our captain went ashore; to dine with a
gentleman who lives in these parts; and who so exactly resembles
the character given by Homer of Axylus; that the only difference
I can trace between them is; the one; living by the highway;
erected his hospitality chiefly in favor of land…travelers; and
the other; living by the water…side; gratified his humanity by
accommodating the wants of the mariner。
In the evening our commander received a visit from a brother
bashaw; who lay wind…bound in the same harbor。 This latter
captain was a Swiss。 He was then master of a vessel bound to
Guinea; and had formerly been a privateering; when our own hero
was employed in the same laudable service。 The honesty and
freedom of the Switzer; his vivacity; in which he was in no
respect inferior to his near neighbors the French; the awkward
and affected politeness; which was likewise of French extraction;
mixed with the brutal roughness of the English tarfor he had
served under the colors of this nation and his crew had been of
the samemade such an odd variety; such a hotch…potch of
character; that I should have been much diverted with him; had
not his voice; which was as loud as a speaking…trumpet;
unfortunately made my head ache。 The noise which he conveyed
into the deaf ears of his brother captain; who sat on one side of
him; the soft addresses with which; mixed with awkward bows; he
saluted the ladies on the other; were so agreeably contrasted;
that a man must not only have been void of all taste of humor;
and insensible of mirth; but duller than Cibber is represented in
the Dunciad; who could be unentertained with him a little while;
for; I confess; such entertainments should always be very short;
as they are very liable to pall。 But he suffered not this to
happen at present; for; having given us his company a quarter of
an hour only; he retired; after many apologies for the shortness
of his visit。
Tuesday。The wind being less boisterous than it had hitherto
been since our arrival here; several fishing…boats; which the
tempestuous weather yesterday had prevented from working; came on
board us with fish。 This was so fresh; so good in kind; and so
very cheap; that we supplied ourselves in great numbers; among
which were very large soles at fourpence a pair; and whitings of
almost a preposterous size at ninepence a score。 The only fish
which bore any price was a john doree; as it is called。 I bought
one of at least four pounds weight for as many shillings。 It
resembles a turbot in shape; but exceeds it in firmness and
flavor。 The price had the appearance of being considerable when
opposed to the extraordinary cheapness of others of value; but
was; in truth; so very reasonable when estimated by its goodness;
that it left me under no other surprise than how the gentlemen of
this country; not greatly eminent for the delicacy of their
taste; had discovered the preference of the doree to all other
fish: but I was informed that Mr。 Quin; whose distinguishing
tooth hath been so justly celebrated; had lately visited
Plymouth; and had done those honors to the doree which are so
justly due to it from that sect of modern philosophers who; with
Sir Epicure Mammon; or Sir Epicure Quin; their head; seem more to
delight in a fish…pond than in a garden; as the old Epicureans
are said to have done。
Unfortunately for the fishmongers of London; the doree resides
only in those seas; for; could any of this company but convey one
to the temple of luxury under the Piazza; where Macklin the
high…priest daily serves up his rich offerings to that goddess;
great would be the reward of that fishmonger; in blessings poured
down upon him from the goddess; as great would his merit be
towards the high…priest; who could never be thought to overrate
such valuable incense。
And here; having mentioned the extreme cheapness of fish in the
Devonshire sea; and given some little hint of the extreme
dearness with which this commodity is dispensed by those who deal
in it in London; I cannot pass on without throwing forth an
observation or two; with the same view with which I have
scattered my several remarks through this voyage; sufficiently
satisfied in having finished my life; as I have probably lost it;
in the service of my country; from the best of motives; though it
should be attended with the worst of success。 Means are always
in our power; ends are very seldom so。
Of all the animal foods with which man is furnished; there are
none so plenty as fish。 A little rivulet; that glides almost
unperceived through a vast tract of rich land; will support more
hundreds with the flesh of its inhabitants than the meadow will
nourish individuals。 But if this be true of rivers; it is much
truer of the sea…shores; which abound with such immense variety
of fish that the curious fisherman; after he hath made his
draught; often culls only the daintiest part and leaves the rest
of his prey to perish on the shore。 If this be true it would
appear; I think; that there is nothing which might be had in such
abundance; and consequently so cheap; as fish; of which Nature
seems to have provided such inexhaustible stores with some
peculiar design。 In the production of terrestrial animals she
proceeds with such slowness; that in the larger kind a single
female seldom produces more than one a…year; and this again
requires three; for; or five years more to bring it to
perfection。 And though the lesser quadrupeds; those of the wild
kind particularly; with the birds; do multiply much faster; yet
can none of these bear any proportion with the aquatic animals;
of whom every female matrix is furnished with an annual offspring
almost exceeding the power of numbers; and which; in many
instances at least; a single year is capable of bringing to some
degree of maturity。
What then ought in general to be so plentiful; what so cheap; as
fish? What then so properly the food of the poor? So in many
places they are; and so might they always be in great cities;
which are always situated near the sea; or on the conflux of
large rivers。 How comes it then; to look no farther abroad for
instances; that in our city of London the case is so far
otherwise that; except that of sprats; there is not one poor
palate in a hundred that knows the taste of fish?
It is true indeed that this taste is generally of such excellent
flavor that it exceeds the power of French cookery to treat the
palates of the rich with anything more exquisitely delicate; so
that was fish the common food of the poor it might put them too
much upon an equality with their betters in the great article of
eating; in which; at present; in the opinion of some; the great
difference in happiness between man and man consists。 But this
argument I shall treat with the utmost disdain: for if ortolans
were as big as buzzards; and at the same time as plenty as
sparrows; I should hold it yet reasonable to indulge the poor
with the dainty; and that for this cause especially; that the
rich would soon find a sparrow; if as scarce as an ortolan; to be
much the greater; as it would certainly be the rarer; dainty of
the two。
Vanity or scarcity will be always the favorite of luxury; but
honest hunger will be satisfied with plenty。 Not to search
deeper into the cause of the evil; I should think it abundantly
sufficient to propose the remedies of it。 And; first; I humbly
submit the absolute necessity of immediately hanging all the
fishmongers within the bills of mortality; and; however it might
have been some time ago the opinion of mild and temporizing men
that the evil complained of might be removed by gentler methods;
I suppose at this day there are none who do not see the
impossibility of using such with any effect。 Cuncta prius
tentanda might have been formerly urged with some plausibility;
but cuncta prius tentata may now be replied: for surely; if a
few monopolizing fishmongers could defeat that excellent scheme
of the Westminster market; to the erecting which so many justices
of peace; as well as other wise and learned men; did so
vehemently apply themselves; that they might be truly said not
only to have laid the whole strength of their heads; but of their
shoulders too; to the business; it would be a vain endeavor for
any other body of men to attempt to remove so stubborn a
nuisance。
If it should be doubt