第 25 节
作者:
江暖 更新:2021-02-19 20:44 字数:9322
book in his camp; was justifiable as a matter of retaliation; to shoot down
their pickets and cut off their sentinels wherever he could find them; and
always to fight such invaders in their own barbarian manner。 Nothing ever
showed; in such a strong light; the plain good sense of Marion。 Col。
Watson had orders to burn houses; but did not however appear to wish to
carry them rigourously into effect。 It is believed he burnt but two; one was
the house of Lieut。 Dickson; who was with Marion; the other belonged to
Nathaniel Dwight; of Waccamaw neck。 Upon a retrospection; Col。
Watson's character appears in a favourable point of view; and; as far as
was consistent with orders; his humanity is undoubted。
On the 18th of April; Col。 William Harden; acting under the orders of
Marion; took the British fort at Pocotaligo; with one militia colonel; one
major; three captains; three lieutenants; sixty privates and twenty…two
dragoons; prisoners。 He writes; 〃I wish you would send some commissions;
with your orders。 It seems they wait for Col。 Hayne; and he says he cannot
act without a commission; and I am sure; if he turns out; at least two
hundred will join him。 If so; I am very certain that this part of the country
may be held。〃 Every one has either read or heard of the subsequent
melancholy fate of Col。 Hayne; but more of that in the sequel。
Major John Postell had been pitched upon as the first victim。 After
distinguishing himself; as related; he obtained leave from his general to go
with a flag to Georgetown; to obtain the release of his father; (who was
still a prisoner) and of some others。 Capt。 Saunders; now the commandant;
detained him; and threw him also into gaol; on the plea of his having
broken his parole;* and; in a long correspondence with Gen。 Marion; he
and Col。 Balfour; the commandant of Charleston; vindicated the measure;
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as consistent with the laws of war and nations。 It appears Balfour was the
civilian of the British while here in power。 He was just such a minion as
would have suited the purposes of Tiberius Caesar。 He had several
hundreds of Americans pining in want and misery in loathsome prison…
ships; and in dungeons under the Exchange; damp and noisome; which he
called ~his provost~。
* By a copy of Major Postell's parole; preserved in Horry's
correspondence; it appears he was paroled in Charleston; but; soon after;
the British or tories stripped him of all his property; which was a breach of
it on their part。 In a letter to Gen。 Marion; 14th Jan。 he says; 〃My honour is
all I have left my family has been reduced to beg their bread。〃
He writes thus to Saunders; concerning Major Postell; 〃send him by
water;〃 (by land was not safe) 〃by a fast sailer under a guard ~be so
good~ as to let him have no chance of escaping。〃 ~Be so good~ here;
meant to clap him in irons。 This royal tiger; secure in his jungle; was now
crouching to spring upon what he deemed defenceless prey; but; while
reasoning about the law of nations; Saunders had the folly to send out Capt。
Merrett with a flag。 Marion immediately detained him; and swore a bitter
oath; that if they touched a hair of Postell's head he would hang Merrett。
Major Postell lost all further opportunity of distinguishing himself; and
underwent a long and rigourous imprisonment; but this had become a
common case; and the British knew Marion too well to carry matters
further。 On the 25th of April;* Gen。 Greene lay at Hobkirk hill; at that time
a mile out of Camden; but now partly in the town。 His army consisted of
only about seven hundred continentals; and as many militia; his left rested
on Pinetree creek; and his right extended across the road leading to
Lancaster; uncovered by any obstructions。 Having just received a
comfortable supply of provisions; which they much wanted; his men were
employed in cooking and washing。 At this juncture; Rawdon sallied out of
Camden; at the head of nine hundred men; his whole disposable force。
Between him and Greene; along Pinetree creek; were thick woods and
shrubbery; and he preferred this route for concealment。 His advance was
not suspected; until he was fired upon by the American pickets; but these
received him bravely; and during the contest with them; Greene formed his
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army。 The Virginia brigade; under Gen。 Huger; took the right; the
Maryland brigade; under Col。 Williams; the left。 The continentals were
thus disposed in one line; and the artillery; under Col。 Harrison; were in
the centre。 The reserve were the cavalry; under Col。 Washington; and two
hundred and fifty North Carolina militia; under Col。 Reade。 Rawdon
advanced with the King's American regiment on the right; the New York
volunteers in the centre; and the 63d on the left; his right supported by
Robertson's corps; and his left by the volunteers of Ireland。 Greene
discovering his narrow front; ordered Col。 Campbell; of the Virginia; and
Col。 Ford; of the Maryland line; to turn his flanks; the centre regiments to
advance with fixed bayonets; and Washington to gain his rear。 Rawdon
perceiving his danger; brought up the volunteers of Ireland into line。 The
battle opened with vigour; and Huger evidently gained ground。
Washington in the rear; was carrying all before him; and Col。 Hawes in the
centre; was descending the hill with fixed bayonets。 At this flattering
moment; the veteran regiment of Gunby; the 1st Maryland; fired contrary
to orders; while Capt。 Armstrong; with two sections; was moving ahead
upon the enemy。 Gunby; being anxious to lead his regiment into battle
thoroughly compacted; ordered Armstrong back; instead of making him
the point of view in forming。 Retrograde being the consequence of this
order; the British shouted and pressed forward; and the regiment of Gunby;
considered the bulwark of the army; never recovered from its panic。
Williams; Gunby; and Howard; all strove in vain to bring it to order。 The
Virginia brigade and second Maryland regiment maintained the contest
bravely; but the 2d Maryland; feeling the effect of the retreat of the 1st;
became somewhat deranged; and its commander; Lieut。 Col。 Ford; being
wounded in repressing it; this corps also fell back。 Rawdon's right having
now gained the summit; and flanking Hawes; Gen。 Greene ordered a
retreat; which was covered by Hawes。 Col。 Washington having gained his
point of attack; and taken two hundred prisoners; was confident of victory;
but seeing the retreat; he paroled the officers on the field; and relinquished
all the prisoners but fifty。 These he brought off; and made good his retreat;
with the loss of only three men。 Greene's field pieces were now likely to
fall into the hands of the enemy; and seeing Capt。 John Smith;** with his
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company of picked light infantry; marching off the field in good order; he
rode up and called to him; 〃Smith; my brave fellow; save the field pieces。〃
He immediately fell in the rear; and executed his orders; with the loss of
his whole company。 All were killed but one man and Smith; and they were
made prisoners。 Gen。 Greene rallied his army at the pass of Sanders' creek;
six miles from Camden; and soon after occupied the position Gates had
intended to take; at Gum swamp。 The British lost between sixty and
seventy; and Greene two hundred men。 This affair shows upon how small
an incident the fate of war generally depends。
* This is partly extracted from Lee's Memoirs。 ** Capt。 Smith;
afterwards well known in this state as Col。 John Smith; of Darlington;
surrendered himself prisoner to a lieutenant o