第 10 节
作者:
江暖 更新:2021-02-19 20:43 字数:9322
below the middle stature of men; lean and swarthy。 His body was well set;
but his knees and ankles were badly formed; and he still limped upon one
leg。 He had a countenance remarkably steady; his nose was aquiline; his
chin projecting; his forehead was large and high; and his eyes black and
piercing。 He was now forty…eight years of age; but still even at this age; his
frame was capable of enduring fatigue and every privation; necessary for a
partisan。 His wisdom and patriotism will become henceforth conspicuous。
Of a character; so much venerated; even trifles become important。 He was
dressed in a close round bodied crimson jacket; of a coarse texture; and
wore a leather cap; part of the uniform of the second regiment; with a
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Life of Marion。
silver crescent in front; inscribed with the words; 〃Liberty or death。〃 He
was accompanied by his friend Col。 Peter Horry; and some other officers。
On the second or third day after his arrival; General Marion ordered his
men to mount white cockades; to distinguish themselves from the tories;
and crossed the Pedee; at Port's ferry; to disperse a large body of tories;
under Major Ganey; stationed on Britton's neck; between great and little
Pedee。 He surprised them at dawn in the morning; killed one of their
captains and several privates; and had two men wounded。 Major James
was detached at the head of a volunteer troop of horse; to attack their
horse; he came up with them; charged; and drove them before him。 In this
affair; Major James singled out Major Ganey; (as he supposed) as the
object of his single attack。 At his approach Ganey fled; and he pursued
him closely; and nearly within the reach of his sword; for half a mile;
when behind a thicket; he came upon a party of tories; who had rallied。
Not at all intimidated; but with great presence of mind; Major James called
out; 〃Come on my boys! Here they are! Here they are!〃 And the
whole body of tories broke again; and rushed into little Pedee swamp。
Another party of tories lay higher up the river; under the command of Capt。
Barefield; who had been a soldier in one of the South Carolina regiments。
These stood to their ranks; so well; and appeared to be so resolute; that
Gen。 Marion did not wish to expose his men; by an attack on equal terms;
he therefore feigned a retreat; and led them into an ambuscade; near the
Blue Savannah; where they were defeated。 This was the first manoeuvre of
the kind; for which he afterwards became so conspicuous。
* He was second cousin to the major。 Of this family; there were five
brothers; than whom no men under Marion were more brave; these were
John; William; Gavin; Robert and James。 Gavin died a few weeks since;
with whom the family became extinct。 More of Gavin and Robert
hereafter。 20th July; 1821。 ** He was not appointed a general till some
time after this; but as we have not the date of his commission; henceforth
he will be styled general; and his other officers; to avoid repetitions; are
designated generally by the rank they held at the disbandment of the
brigade。
Thus Gen。 Marion; at once; fell upon employment; as the true way to
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Life of Marion。
encourage and to command militia; and their spirits began to revive。 He
returned to Port's ferry; and threw up a redoubt on the east bank of the
Pedee; on which he mounted two old iron field pieces; to awe the tories。
On the 17th of August; he detached Col。 Peter Horry; with orders to take
command of four companies; Bonneau's; Mitchell's; Benson's; and Lenud's;
near Georgetown; and on the Santee; to destroy all the boats and canoes on
the river; from the lower ferry to Lenud's; to post guards; so as to prevent
all communication with Charleston; and to procure him twenty…five weight
of gunpowder; ball or buck shot; and flints in proportion。 This order was
made in pursuance of a plan he afterwards carried into effect; to leave no
approach for the enemy into the district of which he had taken the
command。 The latter part of the order; shows how scanty were the means
of his defence。 There were few men; even in those days of enthusiasm;
who would not have shrunk from such an undertaking。 Gen。 Marion
himself marched to the upper part of Santee; it is believed; with the same
object in view with which he had entrusted Horry。 On his way he received
intelligence of the defeat of Gates at Camden; and; without
communicating it; he proceeded immediately towards Nelson's ferry。 (16th
August。) Near Nelson's; he was informed; by his scouts; that a guard; with
a party of prisoners; were on their way to Charleston; and had stopped at
the house; at the great Savannah; on the main road; east of the river。 (20th
of August。) It was night; and the general; a little before daylight next
morning; gave the command of sixteen men to Col。 Hugh Horry。 He was
ordered to gain possession of the road; at the pass of Horse creek; in the
swamp; while the main body; under himself; was to attack in the rear。 In
taking his position; in the dark; Col。 Horry advanced too near to a sentinel;
who fired upon him。 In a moment he rushed up to the house; found the
British arms piled before the door; and seized upon them。 Twenty…two
British regulars; of the 63d regiment; two tories; one captain; and a
subaltern were taken; and one hundred and fifty of the Maryland line;
liberated。 In his account of this affair Gen。 Marion says he had one man
killed; and Maj。 Benson wounded。 But the man; Josiah Cockfield; who
was shot through the breast; lived to fight bravely again; and to be again
wounded。 In the account given of this action by Col。 Tarleton; he says;
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Life of Marion。
contemptuously; the guard was taken by 〃a Mr。 Horry〃; but Gen。 Marion;
as commanding officer; is entitled to the credit of it。 The news of the
defeat of Gen。 Gates now became public; and repressed all joy upon this
occasion; no event which had yet happened; was considered so calamitous。
An account of it will be given in his own words。 Extract of a letter; from
Gen。 Gates; to the president of congress; dated Hillsborough; 20th August;
1780:
〃Sir; In the deepest distress and anxiety of mind; I am obliged to
acquaint your excellency with the defeat of the troops under my command。
I arrived with the Maryland line; the artillery; and the North Carolina
militia; on the 13th inst。 at Rugely's; thirteen miles from Camden; took
post there; and was the next day joined by Gen。 Stevens; with 700 militia
from Virginia。 The 15th; at daylight; I reinforced Colonel Sumter; with 300
North Carolina militia; 100 of the Maryland line; and two three…pounders
from the artillery: having previously ordered him down from the Waxhaws;
opposite to Camden; to intercept any stores coming to the enemy; and
particularly troops coming from Ninety…Six。 This was well executed by
Col。 Sumter。 Having communicated my plan to the general officers in the
afternoon of the 15th; it was resolved to march at ten at night; to take post
in a very advantageous situation; with a deep creek in front; (Gum
Swamp*) seven miles from Camden。 At ten the army began to march; and
having moved about five miles; the legion was charged by the enemy's
cavalry; and well supported by Col。 Porterfield; who beat back the enemy's
horse; and was himself unfortunately wounded; (mortally) but the enemy's
infantry advancing with a heavy fire; the troops in front gave way to the
first Maryland brigade; and a confusion ensued which took some time to
regulate。 At length the army was ranged in line of battle。 Gen。 Gists'
brigade on the right; close to a swamp; the North Carolina militia in the
centre; the Virginia militia; the light infantry; and Porterfield's corps; on
t