第 10 节
作者:江暖      更新:2021-02-19 20:43      字数:9322
  below the middle stature of men; lean and swarthy。 His body was well set;
  but his knees and ankles were badly formed; and he still limped upon one
  leg。 He had a countenance remarkably steady; his nose was aquiline; his
  chin projecting; his forehead was large and high; and his eyes black and
  piercing。 He was now forty…eight years of age; but still even at this age; his
  frame was capable of enduring fatigue and every privation; necessary for a
  partisan。 His wisdom and patriotism will become henceforth conspicuous。
  Of a character; so much venerated; even trifles become important。 He was
  dressed in   a close   round bodied   crimson   jacket; of   a coarse   texture;  and
  wore   a   leather   cap;   part   of   the   uniform   of   the   second   regiment;   with   a
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  Life of Marion。
  silver crescent in front; inscribed with the words; 〃Liberty or death。〃 He
  was accompanied by his friend Col。 Peter Horry; and some other officers。
  On the second or third day after his arrival; General Marion ordered his
  men to mount white cockades; to distinguish themselves from the tories;
  and crossed the Pedee; at Port's ferry; to disperse a large body of   tories;
  under Major Ganey; stationed on Britton's neck; between great and little
  Pedee。   He   surprised   them   at   dawn   in   the   morning;   killed   one   of   their
  captains   and   several   privates;   and   had   two   men   wounded。   Major   James
  was   detached   at   the   head   of   a   volunteer   troop   of   horse;   to   attack   their
  horse; he came up with them; charged; and drove them before him。 In this
  affair;   Major   James   singled   out   Major   Ganey;   (as   he   supposed)   as   the
  object   of   his   single   attack。 At   his   approach   Ganey   fled;   and   he   pursued
  him   closely;   and   nearly   within   the   reach   of   his   sword;   for   half   a   mile;
  when behind a   thicket; he   came upon   a party  of tories;  who had   rallied。
  Not at all intimidated; but with great presence of mind; Major James called
  out;   〃Come   on   my   boys!      Here   they   are!      Here   they   are!〃   And   the
  whole   body   of   tories   broke   again;   and   rushed   into   little   Pedee   swamp。
  Another party of tories lay higher up the river; under the command of Capt。
  Barefield; who had been a soldier in one of the South Carolina regiments。
  These stood to   their   ranks;   so   well;   and   appeared to be   so   resolute;   that
  Gen。 Marion did not wish to expose his men; by an attack on equal terms;
  he therefore feigned a retreat; and led them into an ambuscade; near the
  Blue Savannah; where they were defeated。 This was the first manoeuvre of
  the kind; for which he afterwards became so conspicuous。
  * He was second cousin to the major。 Of this family; there were five
  brothers; than whom no men under Marion were more brave; these were
  John; William; Gavin; Robert and James。 Gavin died a few weeks since;
  with     whom      the   family    became      extinct。    More     of  Gavin     and    Robert
  hereafter。   20th   July;   1821。   **   He   was   not   appointed   a   general   till   some
  time after this; but as we have not the date of his commission; henceforth
  he will be styled general; and his other officers; to avoid repetitions; are
  designated   generally   by   the   rank   they   held   at   the   disbandment   of   the
  brigade。
  Thus Gen。 Marion; at once; fell upon employment; as the true way to
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  encourage and to command militia; and their spirits began to revive。 He
  returned   to   Port's   ferry;   and   threw   up   a   redoubt   on   the   east   bank   of   the
  Pedee; on which he mounted two old iron field pieces; to awe the tories。
  On the 17th of August; he detached Col。 Peter Horry; with orders to take
  command of four companies; Bonneau's; Mitchell's; Benson's; and Lenud's;
  near Georgetown; and on the Santee; to destroy all the boats and canoes on
  the river; from the lower ferry to Lenud's; to post guards; so as to prevent
  all communication with Charleston; and to procure him twenty…five weight
  of gunpowder; ball or buck shot; and flints in proportion。 This order was
  made in pursuance of a plan he afterwards carried into effect; to leave no
  approach       for  the   enemy     into   the  district   of  which     he  had    taken   the
  command。 The latter part of the order; shows how scanty were the means
  of   his   defence。  There   were   few   men;   even   in   those   days   of   enthusiasm;
  who     would     not  have    shrunk    from    such    an  undertaking。      Gen。    Marion
  himself marched to the upper part of Santee; it is believed; with the same
  object in view with which he had entrusted Horry。 On his way he received
  intelligence       of    the    defeat    of    Gates     at    Camden;       and;     without
  communicating it; he proceeded immediately towards Nelson's ferry。 (16th
  August。) Near Nelson's; he was informed; by his scouts; that a guard; with
  a party of prisoners; were on their way to Charleston; and had stopped at
  the house; at the great Savannah; on the main road; east of the river。 (20th
  of   August。)   It   was   night;   and   the   general;   a   little   before   daylight   next
  morning; gave the command of sixteen men to Col。 Hugh Horry。 He was
  ordered to gain possession of the road; at the pass of Horse creek; in the
  swamp; while the main body; under himself; was to attack in the rear。 In
  taking his position; in the dark; Col。 Horry advanced too near to a sentinel;
  who fired   upon him。  In a   moment   he   rushed  up to the house;  found the
  British   arms   piled   before   the   door;   and   seized   upon   them。   Twenty…two
  British    regulars;    of   the  63d    regiment;    two    tories;   one   captain;    and   a
  subaltern   were   taken;   and   one   hundred   and   fifty   of   the   Maryland   line;
  liberated。 In his account of this affair Gen。 Marion says he had one man
  killed;   and   Maj。   Benson   wounded。   But   the   man;   Josiah   Cockfield;   who
  was shot through the breast; lived to fight bravely again; and to be again
  wounded。   In   the   account   given   of   this   action   by   Col。  Tarleton;   he   says;
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  contemptuously; the guard was taken by 〃a Mr。 Horry〃; but Gen。 Marion;
  as   commanding   officer;   is   entitled   to   the   credit   of   it。   The   news   of   the
  defeat of Gen。 Gates now became public; and repressed all joy upon this
  occasion; no event which had yet happened; was considered so calamitous。
  An account of it will be given in his own words。 Extract of a letter; from
  Gen。 Gates; to the president of congress; dated Hillsborough; 20th August;
  1780:
  〃Sir;   In   the   deepest   distress   and   anxiety   of   mind;   I   am   obliged   to
  acquaint your excellency with the defeat of the troops under my command。
  I   arrived   with   the   Maryland   line;   the   artillery;   and   the   North   Carolina
  militia;   on   the   13th   inst。   at   Rugely's;   thirteen   miles   from   Camden;   took
  post there; and was the next day joined by Gen。 Stevens; with 700 militia
  from Virginia。 The 15th; at daylight; I reinforced Colonel Sumter; with 300
  North Carolina militia; 100 of the Maryland line; and two three…pounders
  from the artillery: having previously ordered him down from the Waxhaws;
  opposite   to   Camden;   to   intercept   any   stores   coming   to   the   enemy;   and
  particularly   troops   coming   from   Ninety…Six。   This   was   well   executed   by
  Col。 Sumter。 Having communicated my plan to the general officers in the
  afternoon of the 15th; it was resolved to march at ten at night; to take post
  in   a   very   advantageous        situation;   with    a  deep    creek    in  front;   (Gum
  Swamp*) seven miles from Camden。 At ten the army began to march; and
  having   moved   about   five   miles;   the   legion   was   charged   by   the   enemy's
  cavalry; and well supported by Col。 Porterfield; who beat back the enemy's
  horse; and was himself unfortunately wounded; (mortally) but the enemy's
  infantry advancing with a heavy fire; the troops in front gave way to the
  first Maryland brigade; and a confusion ensued which took some time to
  regulate。   At   length   the   army   was   ranged   in   line   of   battle。   Gen。   Gists'
  brigade on the right; close to a swamp; the North Carolina militia in the
  centre;   the Virginia   militia;   the   light   infantry;   and   Porterfield's   corps;   on
  t