第 26 节
作者:爱之冰点      更新:2021-02-19 17:04      字数:9321
  direction;   toward   the   day   when   he   will   take   charge。   The   trust? Ah;   no。
  Unlike   the   trembling   middle…class   man   and   the   small   capitalist;   he   sees
  nothing at which to be frightened。 He likes the trust。 He exults in the trust;
  for it is largely doing the task for him。 It socializes production; this done;
  there remains nothing   for him  to   do but   socialize distribution;  and   all   is
  accomplished。   The   trust?   〃It   organizes   industry   on   an   enormous;   labor…
  saving scale; and abolishes childish; wasteful competition。〃 It is a gigantic
  object lesson; and it preaches his political economy far more potently than
  he can preach it。 He points to the trust; laughing scornfully in the face of
  the orthodox economists。 〃You told me this thing could not be;〃 {12} he
  thunders。 〃Behold; the thing is!〃
  He sees   competition   in the   realm  of production passing   away。 When
  the   captains   of   industry   have   thoroughly   organized   production;   and   got
  everything running smoothly; it will be very easy for him to eliminate the
  profits by stepping in and having the thing run for himself。 And the captain
  of   industry;   if   he   be   good;  may  be   given   the privilege  of   continuing   the
  management   on   a   fair   salary。   The   sixty   millions   of   dividends   which   the
  Standard   Oil   Company   annually   declares   will   be   distributed   among   the
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  workers。   The   same   with   the   great   United   States   Steel   Corporation。   The
  president   of   that   corporation   knows   his   business。   Very   good。   Let   him
  become Secretary of the Department of Iron and Steel of the United States。
  But; since the chief executive of a nation of seventy…odd millions works
  for 50;000 a year; the Secretary of the Department of Iron and Steel must
  expect to have his salary cut accordingly。 And not only will the workers
  take to themselves the profits of national and municipal monopolies; but
  also the immense revenues which the dominant classes today draw from
  rents; and mines; and factories; and all manner of enterprises。
  All this would seem very like a dream; even to the worker; if it were
  not    for  the   fact   that  like   things   have    been    done    before。    He   points
  triumphantly       to  the   aristocrat   of   the  eighteenth     century;    who    fought;
  legislated; governed; and dominated society; but who was shorn of power
  and displaced by the rising bourgeoisie。 Ay; the thing was done; he holds。
  And it shall be done again; but this time it is the proletariat who does the
  shearing。   Sociology   has   taught   him   that   m…i…g…h…t   spells   〃right。〃   Every
  society   has   been   ruled   by   classes;   and   the   classes   have   ruled   by   sheer
  strength;   and   have   been   overthrown   by   sheer   strength。   The   bourgeoisie;
  because it was the stronger; dragged down the nobility of the sword; and
  the proletariat; because it is the strongest of all; can and will drag down the
  bourgeoisie。
  And   in   that   day;   for   better   or   worse;   the   common   man   becomes   the
  masterfor   better;   he   believes。   It   is   his   intention   to   make   the   sum   of
  human happiness far greater。 No man shall work for a bare living wage;
  which is degradation。 Every man shall have work to do; and shall be paid
  exceedingly well for doing it。 There shall be no slum classes; no beggars。
  Nor shall there be hundreds of thousands of men and women condemned;
  for economic reasons; to lives of celibacy or sexual infertility。 Every man
  shall be able to marry; to live in healthy; comfortable quarters; and to have
  all he wants to eat as many times a day as he wishes。 There shall no longer
  be a life…and…death struggle for food and shelter。 The old heartless law of
  development shall be annulled。
  All of which is very good and very fine。 And when these things have
  come      to  pass;   what    then?    Of   old;  by   virtue    of  their   weakness     and
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  inefficiency in the struggle for food and shelter; the race was purged of its
  weak and inefficient members。 But this will no longer obtain。 Under the
  new order the weak and the progeny of the weak will have a chance for
  survival   equal   to   that   of   the   strong   and   the   progeny   of   the   strong。   This
  being so; the premium upon strength will have been withdrawn; and on the
  face of it the average strength of each generation; instead of continuing to
  rise; will begin to decline。
  When      the  common       man's    day   shall  have    arrived;   the   new    social
  institutions   of   that   day   will   prevent   the   weeding   out   of   weakness   and
  inefficiency。 All; the weak and the strong; will have an equal chance for
  procreation。 And the progeny of all; of the weak as well as the strong; will
  have an equal chance for survival。 This being so; and if no new effective
  law of development be put into operation; then progress must cease。 And
  not only progress; for deterioration would at once set in。 It is a pregnant
  problem。 What will be the nature of this new and most necessary law of
  development?         Can    the   common       man    pause    long    enough     from    his
  undermining labors to answer? Since he is bent upon dragging down the
  bourgeoisie      and    reconstructing     society;    can   he   so  reconstruct     that  a
  premium;   in   some   unguessed   way   or   other;   will   still   be   laid   upon   the
  strong and efficient so that the human type will continue to develop? Can
  the common man; or the uncommon men who are allied with him; devise
  such a law? Or have they already devised one? And if so; what is it?
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  HOW I BECAME A SOCIALIST
  It is quite fair to say that I became a Socialist in a fashion somewhat
  similar to the way in which the Teutonic pagans became Christiansit was
  hammered into me。 Not only was I not looking for Socialism at the time of
  my conversion; but I was fighting it。 I was very young and callow; did not
  know much of anything; and though I had never even heard of a school
  called 〃Individualism;〃 I sang the paean of the strong with all my heart。
  This   was   because   I   was   strong   myself。   By   strong   I   mean   that   I   had
  good     health   and    hard   muscles;    both    of  which    possessions      are  easily
  accounted       for。  I  had   lived   my    childhood     on   California    ranches;    my
  boyhood hustling newspapers on the streets of a healthy Western city; and
  my youth on the ozone…laden waters of San Francisco Bay and the Pacific
  Ocean。   I   loved   life   in   the   open;   and   I   toiled   in   the   open;   at   the   hardest
  kinds   of   work。   Learning   no   trade;   but   drifting   along   from   job   to   job;   I
  looked on the world and called it good; every bit of it。 Let me repeat; this
  optimism   was   because   I   was   healthy   and   strong;   bothered   with   neither
  aches nor weaknesses; never turned down by the boss because I did  not
  look fit; able always to get a job at shovelling coal; sailorizing; or manual
  labor of some sort。
  And   because   of   all   this;   exulting   in   my   young   life;   able   to   hold   my
  own at work or fight; I was a rampant individualist。 It was very natural。 I
  was a winner。 Wherefore I called the game; as I saw it played; or thought I
  saw it played; a very proper game for MEN。 To be a MAN was to write
  man in large capitals on my heart。 To adventure like a man; and fight like a
  man; and do a man's work (even for a boy's pay)these were things that
  reached   right   in   and   gripped   hold   of   me   as   no   other   thing   could。 And   I
  looked ahead into long vistas of a hazy and interminable future; into which;
  playing what I conceived to be MAN'S game; I should continue to travel
  with unfailing health; without accidents; and with muscles ever vigorous。
  As   I   say;   this   future   was   interminable。   I   could   see   myself   only   raging
  through     life  without     end   like  one   of   Nietzsche's    BLOND…        BEASTS;
  lustfully roving and conquering by sheer superiority and strength。
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  As for the unfortunates;  the sick; and ailing;  and old; and maimed;  I
  must confess I hardly thought of them at a