第 2 节
作者:溜溜      更新:2021-02-19 00:32      字数:9322
  '15' i。e。 〃would cause you to be suspected of acting from motives of
  gain。〃
  '16'   Reading   {esti   de   kai   ous};   or   if   as   vulg。   {eti   de   kai};   〃More
  than     that;  it  strikes    me    one    may    work     on   the   feelings    of   young
  fellows     in  such    a  way    as  to   disarm。〃    See   Hartmann;      〃An。    Xen。    N。〃
  325。
  '17' Cf。 Aesch。 〃P。 V。〃 474; Herod。 vi。 35; Dem。 1046。 14; Thuc。 vi。
  12; Isocr。 {peri tou zeugous}; 353 C。 {ippotrophein d'                       epikheiresas; o
  ton   eudaimonestaton   ergon   esti。}   See   Prof。   Jebb's            note   to   Theophr。
  〃Ch。〃 vi。 p。 197; note 16。
  '18' Lit。 〃if they mount。〃
  '19' Like that of Pheidippides in the play; see Aristoph。 〃Clouds;〃 23
  foll。 And for the price of horses; ranging from 3 minas (= L12                          circa)
  for   a   common   horse;   or   12   minas   (say   L50)   for   a   good   saddle          or
  race…horse; up to the extravagant sum of 13 talents (say 3000                        guineas)
  given for 〃Bucephalus;〃 see Boeckh; 〃P。 E。 A。〃 (Eng。 tr。)                          p。 74。 Cf。
  Isaeus; 55。 22; 88。 17; Lys。 〃de Maled。〃 133。 10; Aul。                          Gell。 〃Noct。
  Att。〃 v。 2。
  To come to the existing body of knights;'20' it would tend;'21' I think;
  to better   rearing and   more careful treatment   of their horses if   the   senate
  issued a formal notice that for the future twice the amount of drill will be
  required; and that any horse unable to keep up will be rejected。 And so; too;
  with regard to vicious horses; I should like to see an edict promulgated to
  the    effect   that   all  such   animals     will   be   rejected。    This   threat   would
  stimulate the owners of such brutes to part with them by sale; and; what is
  more; to exercise discretion at the time of purchase。 So; too; it would be a
  good thing if the same threat of rejection were made to include horses that
  kick on the exercising…grounds; since it is impossible to keep such animals
  in   the   ranks;   and   in   case   of   an   advance   against   a   hostile   force   at   any
  point;'22' they must perforce trail in the rear; so that; thanks to the vice of
  the animal which he bestrides; the trooper himself is rendered useless。
  '20'   Or;   〃As   regards   those   who   are   actually   serving   in   the   cavalry。〃
  For    a   plausible    emend。     of  this   passage     (S。  13)   see   Courier    (〃Notes
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  sur le texte;〃 p。 54); L。 Dind。 ad loc。
  '21' Lit。 〃the senate might incite to 。 。 。〃
  '22' Reading {ean}; or if {kan} with the MSS。; trans。 〃even in case of
  an advance against the enemy。〃
  With a view to strengthening the horses' feet: if any one has an easier
  or more simple treatment to suggest; by all means let it be adopted; but for
  myself; as the result of experience; I maintain that the proper course is to
  lay down a loose layer of cobbles from the road; a pound or so in weight;
  on which the horse should be put to stand; when taken from the manger to
  be groomed。'23' The point is; that the horse will keep perpetually moving
  first one foot and then another on the stones; whilst being rubbed down or
  simply because he is fidgeted by flies。 Let any one try the experiment; and;
  I venture to predict;  not only will he come to trust   my guidance; but   he
  will see his horse's hoofs grow just as round and solid as the cobbles。
  '23'    See   below;    〃Horse。〃    iv。  4。  The    Greeks    did   not  〃shoe〃    their
  horses。
  Assuming; then; your horses are all that horses ought to be; how is the
  trooper to attain a like degree of excellence? To that question I will now
  address myself。 The art of leaping on to horseback is one which we would
  fain   persuade   the   youthful   members   of   the   corps   to   learn   themselves;
  though; if you choose to give them an instructor;'24' all the greater credit
  to yourself。 And as to the older men you cannot do better than accustom
  them   to   mount;   or   rather   to   be   hoisted   up   by   aid   of   some   one;   Persian
  fashion。'25'
  '24'    Like   Pheidon;     in  the   fragment     of  Mnesimachus's        play   〃The
  Breeder           of Horses;〃 ap。 Athen。 See Courier; ib。 p。 55。
  '25' See 〃Anab。〃 IV。 iv。 4; 〃Horsemanship;〃 vi。 12。
  With a view to keeping a firm seat on every sort of ground; it may be
  perhaps be thought a little irksome to be perpetually marching out; when
  there   is   no   war;'26'   but   all   the   same;   I   would   have   you   call   your   men
  together and impress upon them the need to train themselves; when they
  ride into the country to their farms; or elsewhere; by leaving the high road
  and   galloping   at   a   round   pace   on   ground   of   every   description。'27'   This
  method will be quite as beneficial to them as the regular march out; and at
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  the   same   time   not   produce   the   same   sense   of   tedium。   You   may   find   it
  useful   also   to   remind   them   that   the   state   on   her   side   is   quite   willing   to
  expend a sum of nearly forty talents'28' yearly; so that in the event of war
  she may not have to look about for cavalry; but have a thoroughly efficient
  force to hand for active service。 Let these ideas be once instilled into their
  minds; and; mark my words; your trooper will fall with zest to practising
  horsemanship;   so   that   if   ever   the   flame   of   war   burst   out   he   may  not   be
  forced   to   enter   the   lists   a   raw   recruit;   unskilled   to   fight   for   fame   and
  fatherland or even life itself。
  '26' In the piping days of peace。
  '27' See 〃Econ。〃 xi。 17。 Cf。 Theophr。 〃Ch。〃 viii。 〃The Late Learner〃:
  {kai      eis   agron     eph'    ippou     allotriou    katakhoumenos          ama     meletan
  ippazesthai;       kai   peson     ten   kephalon      kateagenai};       〃Riding     into    the
  country on another's horse; he will practise his horsemanship by                             the
  way; and falling; will break his head〃 (Jebb)。
  '28' = L10;000 circa。 See Boeckh; op。 cit。 p。 251。
  It would be no bad thing either; to forewarn your troopers that one day
  you   will take   them  out   yourself   for   a long   march;  and   lead   them  across
  country over every kind of ground。 Again; whilst practising the evolutions
  of the rival cavalry display;'29' it will be well to gallop out at one time to
  one district and again to another。 Both men and horses will be benefited。
  '29'    Lit。   〃the   anthippasia。〃     See    iii。  11;  and   〃Horsemanship;〃         viii。
  10。
  Next; as to hurling the javelin from horseback; the best way to secure
  as wide a practice of the art as possible; it strikes me; would be to issue an
  order to your phylarchs that it will be their duty to put themselves at the
  head   of   the   marksmen   of   several   tribes;   and   to   ride   out   to   the   butts   for
  practice。   In   this   way   a   spirit   of   emulation   will   be   rousedthe   several
  officers will; no doubt; be eager to turn out as many marksmen as they can
  to aid the state。'30'
  '30' On competition cf。 〃Cyrop。〃 II。 i。 22; and our author passim。
  And so too; to ensure that splendour of accoutrement which the force
  requires;'31'   the   greatest   help   may   once   again   be   looked   for   from   the
  phylarchs; let these officers but be persuaded that from the public point of
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  view the splendid appearance of their squadrons'32' will confer a title to
  distinction     far  higher    than   that  of   any   personal    equipment。      Nor   is  it
  reasonable to suppose that they will be deaf to such an argument; since the
  very desire to hold the office of phylarch itself proclaims a soul alive to
  honour   and   ambition。 And   what   is   more;   they  have   it   in   their   power;   in
  accordance       with   the  actual   provisions     of  the   law;  to   equip   their  men
  without the outlay of a single penny; by enforcing that self…equipment out
  of pay'33' which the law prescribes。
  '31' Or; 〃a beauty of equipment; worthy of our knights。〃 Cf。 Aristoph。
  〃Lysistr。〃 561; and a fragment of 〃The Knights;〃 of Antiphanes;                           ap。
  Athen。 503 B; {pant' 'Amaltheias keras}。 See 〃Hiero;〃 ix。 6;                       〃Horse。〃
  xi。 10。
  '32'    Lit。   〃tribes;〃   {phulai}     (each    of   the   ten   tribes   contri