First　Visit　to　New　England
  by　William　Dean　Howells
  CONTENTS：
  Bibliographical
  My　First　Visit　to　New　England
  First　Impressions　of　Literary　New　York
  BIBLIOGRAPHICAL
  Long　before　I　began　the　papers　which　make　up　this　volume；　I　had　meant　to
  write　of　literary　history　in　New　England　as　I　had　known　it　in　the　lives
  of　its　great　exemplars　during　the　twenty…five　years　I　lived　near　them。
  In　fact；　I　had　meant　to　do　this　from　the　time　I　came　among　them；　but　I
  let　the　days　in　which　I　almost　constantly　saw　them　go　by　without　record
  save　such　as　I　carried　in　a　memory　retentive；　indeed；　beyond　the　common；
  but　not　so　full　as　I　could　have　wished　when　I　began　to　invoke　it　for　my
  work。　　Still；　upon　insistent　appeal；　it　responded　in　sufficient
  abundance；　and；　though　I　now　wish　I　could　have　remembered　more　instances；
  I　think　my　impressions　were　accurate　enough。　　I　am　sure　of　having　tried
  honestly　to　impart　them　in　the　ten　years　or　more　when　I　was　desultorily
  endeavoring　to　share　them　with　the　reader。
  The　papers　were　written　pretty　much　in　the　order　they　have　here；
  beginning　with　My　First　Visit　to　New　England；　which　dates　from　the
  earliest　eighteen…nineties；　if　I　may　trust　my　recollection　of　reading　it
  from　the　manuscript　to　the　editor　of　Harper's　Magazine；　where　we　lay
  under　the　willows　of　Magnolia　one　pleasant　summer　morning　in　the　first
  years　of　that　decade。　　It　was　printed　no　great　while　after　in　that
  periodical；　but　I　was　so　long　in　finishing　the　study　of　Lowell　that　it
  had　been　anticipated　in　Harper's　by　other　reminiscences　of　him；　and　it
  was　therefore　first　printed　in　Scribner's　Magazine。　　It　was　the　paper
  with　which　I　took　the　most　pains；　and　when　it　was　completed　I　still　felt
  it　so　incomplete　that　I　referred　it　to　his　closest　and　my　best　friend；
  the　late　Charles　Eliot　Norton；　for　his　criticism。　　He　thought　it　wanting
  in　unity；　it　was　a　group　of　studies　instead　of　one　study；　he　said；　I　must
  do　something　to　draw　the　different　sketches　together　in　a　single　effect
  of　portraiture；　and　this　I　did　my　best　to　do。
  It　was　the　latest　written　of　the　three　articles　which　give　the　volume
  substance；　and　it　represents　mare　finally　and　fully　than　the　others　my
  sense　of　the　literary　importance　of　the　men　whose　like　we　shall　not　look
  upon　again。　　Longfellow　was　easily　the　greatest　poet　of　the　three；　Holmes
  often　the　most　brilliant　and　felicitous；　but　Lowell；　in　spite　of　his
  forays　in　politics；　was　the　finest　scholar　and　the　most　profoundly
  literary；　as　he　was　above　the　others　most　deeply　and　thoroughly　New
  England　in　quality。
  While　I　was　doing　these　sketches；　sometimes　slighter　and　sometimes　less
  slight；　of　all　those　poets　and　essayists　and　novelists　I　had　known　in
  Cambridge　and　Boston　and　Concord　and　New　York；　I　was　doing　many　other
  things：　half　a　dozen　novels；　as　many　more　novelettes　and　shorter　stories；
  with　essays　and　criticisms　and　verses；　so　that　in　January；　1900；　I　had
  not　yet　done　the　paper　on　Lowell；　which；　with　another；　was　to　complete　my
  reminiscences　of　American　literary　life　as　I　had　witnessed　it。　　When　they
  were　all　done　at　last　they　were　republished　in　a　volume　which　found
  instant　favor　beyond　my　deserts　if　not　its　own。
  There　was　a　good　deal　of　trouble　with　the　name；　but　Literary　Friends　and
  Acquaintance　was　an　endeavor　for　modest　accuracy　with　which　I　remained
  satisfied　until　I　thought；　long　too　late；　of　Literary　Friends　and
  Neighbors。　　Then　I　perceived　that　this　would　have　been　still　more
  accurate　and　quite　as　modest；　and　I　gladly　give　any　reader　leave　to　call
  the　book　by　that　name　who　likes。
  Since　the　collection　was　first　made；　I　have　written　little　else　quite　of
  the　kind；　except　the　paper　on　Bret　Harte；　which　was　first　printed　shortly
  after　his　death；　and　the　study　of　Mark　Twain；　which　I　had　been　preparing
  to　make　for　forty　years　and　more；　and　wrote　in　two　weeks　of　the　spring　of
  1910。　　Others　of　my　time　and　place　have　now　passed　whither　there　is
  neither　time　nor　place；　and　there　are　moments　when　I　feel　that　I　must　try
  to　call　them　back　and　pay　them　such　honor　as　my　sense　of　their　worth　may
  give；　but　the　impulse　has　as　yet　failed　to　effect　itself；　and　I　do　not
  know　how　long　I　shall　spare　myself　the　supreme　pleasure…pain；　the　〃hochst
  angenehmer　Schmerz；〃　of　seeking　to　live　here　with　those　who　live　here　no
  more。
  W。　D。　H。
  LITERARY　FRIENDS　AND　ACQUAINTANCEMy　First　Visit　to　New　England
  MY　FIRST　VISIT　TO　NEW　ENGLAND
  If　there　was　any　one　in　the　world　who　had　his　being　more　wholly　in
  literature　than　I　had　in　1860；　I　am　sure　I　should　not　have　known　where　to
  find　him；　and　I　doubt　if　he　could　have　been　found　nearer　the　centres　of
  literary　activity　than　I　then　was；　or　among　those　more　purely　devoted　to
  literature　than　myself。　　I　had　been　for　three　years　a　writer　of　news
  paragraphs；　book　notices；　and　political　leaders　on　a　daily　paper　in　an
  inland　city；　and　I　do　not　know　that　my　life　differed　outwardly　from　that
  of　any　other　young　journalist；　who　had　begun　as　I　had　in　a　country
  printing…office；　and　might　be　supposed　to　be　looking　forward　to
  advancement　in　his　profession　or　in　public　affairs。　　But　inwardly　it　was
  altogether　different　with　me。　　Inwardly　I　was　a　poet；　with　no　wish　to　be
  anything　else；　unless　in　a　moment　of　careless　affluence　I　might　so　far
  forget　myself　as　to　be　a　novelist。　　I　was；　with　my　friend　J。　J。　Piatt；
  the　half…author　of　a　little　volume　of　very　unknown　verse；　and　Mr。　Lowell
  had　lately　accepted　and　had　begun　to　print　in　the　Atlantic　Monthly　five
  or　six　poems　of　mine。　　Besides　this　I　had　written　poems；　and　sketches；
  and　criticisms　for　the　Saturday　Press　of　New　York；　a　long…forgotten　but
  once　very　lively　expression　of　literary　intention　in　an　extinct　bohemia
  of　that　city；　and　I　was　always　writing　poems；　and　sketches；　and
  criticisms　in　our　own　paper。　　These；　as　well　as　my　feats　in　the　renowned
  periodicals　of　the　East；　met　with　kindness；　if　not　honor；　in　my　own　city
  which　ought　to　have　given　me　grave　doubts　whether　I　was　any　real　prophet。
  But　it　only　intensified　my　literary　ambition；　already　so　strong　that　my
  veins　might　well　have　run　ink　rather　than　blood；　and　gave　me　a　higher
  opinion　of　my　fellow…citizens；　if　such　a　thing　could　be。　　They　were
  indeed　very　charming　people；　and　such　of　them　as　I　mostly　saw　were
  readers　and　lovers　of　books。　　Society　in　Columbus　at　that　day　had　a
  pleasant　refinement　which　I　think　I　do　not　exaggerate　in　the　fond
  retrospect。　　It　had　the　finality　which　it　seems　to　have　had　nowhere　since
  the　war；　it　had　certain　fixed　ideals；　which　were　none　the　less　graceful
  and　becoming　because　they　were　the　simple　old　American　ideals；　now
  vanished；　or　fast　vanishing；　before　the　knowledge　of　good　and　evil　as
  they　have　it　in　Europe；　and　as　it　has　imparted　itself　to　American　travel
  and　sojourn。　　There　was　a　mixture　of　many　strains　in　the　capital　of　Ohio；
  as　there　was　throughout　the　State。　　Virginia；　Kentucky；　Pennsylvania；　New
  York；　and　New　England　all　joined　to　characterize　the　manners　and　customs。
  I　suppose　it　was　the　South　which　gave　the　social　tone；　the　intellectual
  taste　among　the　elders　was　the　Southern　taste　for　the　classic　and　the
  standard　in　literature；　but　we　who　were　younger　preferred　the　modern
  authors：　we　read　Thackeray；　and　George　Eliot；　and　Hawthorne；　and　Charles
  Reade；　and　De　Quincey；　and　Tennyson；　and　Browning；　and　Emerson；　and
  Longfellow；　and　II　read　Heine；　and　evermore　Heine；　when　there　was　not
  some　new　thing　from　the　others。　　Now　and　then　an　immediate　French　book
  penetrated　to　us：　we　read　Michelet　and　About；　I　remember。　　We　looked　to
  England　and　the　East　largely　for　our　literary　opinions；　we　accepted　the
  Saturday　Review　as　law　if　we　could　not　quite　receive　it　as　gospel。　　One
  of　us　took　the　Cornhill　Magazine；　because　Thackeray　was　the　editor；　the
  Atlantic　Monthly　counted　many　readers　among　us；　and　a　visiting　young　lady
  from　New　England；　who　screamed　at　sight　of　the　periodical　in　one　of　our
  houses；　〃Why；　have　you　got　the　Atlantic　Monthly　out　here？〃　could　be
  answered；　with　cold　superiority；　〃There　are　several　contributors　to　the
  Atlantic　in　Columbus。〃　　There　were　in　fact　two：　my　room…mate；　who　wrote
  Browning　for　it；　while　I　wrote　Heine　and　Longfellow。　　But　I　suppose　two
  are　as　rightfully　several　as　twenty　are。
  II。
  That　was　the　heyday　of　lecturing；　and　now　and　then　a　literary　light　from
  the　East　swam　into　our　skies。　　I　heard　and　saw　Emerson；　and　I　once　met
  Bayard　Taylor　socially；　at　the　hospitable　house　where　he　was　a　guest
  after　his　lecture。　　Heaven　knows　how　I　got　through　the　evening。　　I　do　not
  think　I　opened　my　mouth　to　address　him　a　word；　it　was　as　much　as　I　could
  do　to　sit　and　look　at　him；　while　he　tranquilly　smoked；　and　chatted　with
  our　host；　and　quaffed　the　beer　which　we　had　very　good　in　the　Nest。　　All
  the　while　I　did　him　homage　as　the　first　author　by　calling　whom　I　had　met。
  I　longed　to　tell　him　how　much　I　liked　his　poems；　which　we　used　to　get　by
  heart　in　those　days；　and　I　longed　（how　much　more　I　longed！）　to　have　him
  know　that：
  〃Auch　ich　war　in　Arkadien　geboren；〃
  that　I　had　printed　poems　in　the　Atlantic　Monthly　and　the　Saturday　Press；
  and　was　the　potential　author　of　things