第 18 节
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风雅颂 更新:2021-02-19 00:22 字数:9321
thing relating to food or drink being carried into the temple; nay; we are not allowed to offer such things at the altar; excepting what is prepared for the sacrifices。 9。 What then can we say of Apion; but that he examined nothing that concerned these things; while still he uttered incredible words about them? but it is a great shame for a grammarian not to be able to write true history。 Now if he knew the purity of our temple; he hath entirely omitted to take notice of it; but he forges a story about the seizing of a Grecian; about ineffable food; and the most delicious preparation of dainties; and pretends that strangers could go into a place whereinto the noblest men among the Jews are not allowed to enter; unless they be priests。 This; therefore; is the utmost degree of impiety; and a voluntary lie; in order to the delusion of those who will not examine into the truth of matters; whereas such unspeakable mischiefs as are above related have been occasioned by such calumnies that are raised upon us。 10。 Nay; this miracle or piety derides us further; and adds the following pretended facts to his former fable; for be says that this man related how; 〃while the Jews were once in a long war with the Idumeans; there came a man out of one of the cities of the Idumeans; who there had worshipped Apollo。 This man; whose name is said to have been Zabidus; came to the Jews; and promised that he would deliver Apollo; the god of Dora; into their hands; and that he would come to our temple; if they would all come up with him; and bring the whole multitude of the Jews with them; that Zabidus made him a certain wooden instrument; and put it round about him; and set three rows of lamps therein; and walked after such a manner; that he appeared to those that stood a great way off him to be a kind of star; walking upon the earth; that the Jews were terribly affrighted at so surprising an appearance; and stood very quiet at a distance; and that Zabidus; while they continued so very quiet; went into the holy house; and carried off that golden head of an ass; (for so facetiously does he write;) and then went his way back again to Dora in great haste。〃 And say you so; sir! as I may reply; then does Apion load the ass; that is; himself; and lays on him a burden of fooleries and lies; for he writes of places that have no being; and not knowing the cities he speaks of; he changes their situation; for Idumea borders upon our country; and is near to Gaza; in which there is no such city as Dora; although there be; it is true; a city named Dora in Phoenicia; near Mount Carmel; but it is four days' journey from Idumea。 (12) Now; then; why does this man accuse us; because we have not gods in common with other nations; if our fathers were so easily prevailed upon to have Apollo come to them; and thought they saw him walking upon the earth; and the stars with him? for certainly those who have so many festivals; wherein they light lamps; must yet; at this rate; have never seen a candlestick! But still it seems that while Zabidus took his journey over the country; where were so many ten thousands of people; nobody met him。 He also; it seems; even in a time of war; found the walls of Jerusalem destitute of guards。 I omit the rest。 Now the doors of the holy house were seventy (13) cubits high; and twenty cubits broad; they were all plated over with gold; and almost of solid gold itself; and there were no fewer than twenty (14) men required to shut them every day; nor was it lawful ever to leave them open; though it seems this lamp…bearer of ours opened them easily; or thought he opened them; as he thought he had the ass's head in his hand。 Whether; therefore; he returned it to us again; or whether Apion took it; and brought it into the temple again; that Antiochus might find it; and afford a handle for a second fable of Apion's; is uncertain。 11。 Apion also tells a false story; when he mentions an oath of ours; as if we 〃swore by God; the Maker of the heaven; and earth; and sea; to bear no good will to any foreigner; and particularly to none of the Greeks。〃 Now this liar ought to have said directly that〃 we would bear no good…will to any foreigner; and particularly to none of the Egyptians。〃 For then his story about the oath would have squared with the rest of his original forgeries; in case our forefathers had been driven away by their kinsmen; the Egyptians; not on account of any wickedness they had been guilty of; but on account of the calamities they were under; for as to the Grecians; we were rather remote from them in place; than different from them in our institutions; insomuch that we have no enmity with them; nor any jealousy of them。 On the contrary; it hath so happened that many of them have come over to our laws; and some of them have continued in their observation; although others of them had not courage enough to persevere; and so departed from them again; nor did any body ever hear this oath sworn by us: Apion; it seems; was the only person that heard it; for he indeed was the first composer of it。 12。 However; Apion deserves to be admired for his great prudence; as to what I am going to say; which is this;〃 That there is a plain mark among us; that we neither have just laws; nor worship God as we ought to do; because we are not governors; but are rather in subjection to Gentiles; sometimes to one nation; and sometimes to another; and that our city hath been liable to several calamities; while their city 'Alexandria' hath been of old time an imperial city; and not used to be in subjection to the Romans。〃 But now this man had better leave off this bragging; for every body but himself would think that Apion said what he hath said against himself; for there are very few nations that have had the good fortune to continue many generations in the principality; but still the mutations in human affairs have put them into subjection under others; and most nations have been often subdued; and brought into subjection by others。 Now for the Egyptians; perhaps they are the only nation that have had this extraordinary privilege; to have never served any of those monarchs who subdued Asia and Europe; and this on account; as they pretend; that the gods fled into their country; and saved themselves by being changed into the shapes of wild beasts! Whereas these Egyptians (15) are the very people that appear to have never; in all the past ages; had one day of freedom; no; not so much as from their own lords。 For I will not reproach them with relating the manner how the Persians used them; and this not once only; but many times; when they laid their cities waste; demolished their temples; and cut the throats of those animals whom they esteemed to be gods; for it is not reasonable to imitate the clownish ignorance of Apion; who hath no regard to the misfortunes of the Athenians; or of the Lacedemonians; the latter of whom were styled by all men the most courageous; and the former the most religious of the Grecians。 I say nothing of such kings as have been famous for piety; particularly of one of them; whose name was Cresus; nor what calamities he met with in his life; I say nothing of the citadel of Athens; of the temple at Ephesus; of that at Delphi; nor of ten thousand others which have been burnt down; while nobody cast reproaches on those that were the sufferers; but on those that were the actors therein。 But now we have met with Apion; an accuser of our nation; though one that still forgets the miseries of his own people; the Egptians; but it is that Sesostris who was once so celebrated a king of Egypt that hath blinded him。 Now we will not brag of our kings; David and Solomon; though they conquered many nations; accordingly we will let them alone。 However; Apion is ignorant of what every body knows; that the Egyptians were servants to the Persians; and afterwards to the Macedonians; when they were lords of Asia; and were no better than slaves; while we have enjoyed liberty formerly; nay; more than that; have had the dominion of the cities that lie round about us; and this nearly for a hundred and twenty years together; until Pompeius Magnus。 And when all the kings every where were conquered by the Romans; our ancestors were the only people who continued to be esteemed their confederates and friends; on account of their fidelity to them。(16) 13。 〃But;〃 says Apion; 〃we Jews have not had any wonderful men amongst us; not any inventors of arts; nor any eminent for wisdom。〃 He then enumerates Socrates; and Zeno; and Cleanthes; and some others of the same sort; and; after all; he adds himself to them; which is the most wonderful thing of all that he says; and pronounces Alexandria to be happy; because it hath such a citizen as he is in it; for he was the fittest man to be a witness to his own deserts; although he hath appeared to all others no better than a wicked mountebank; of a corrupt life and ill discourses; on which account one may justly pity Alexandria;