第 18 节
作者:风雅颂      更新:2021-02-19 00:22      字数:9321
  thing relating to food or drink being   carried into the temple; nay; we are not allowed to offer such   things at the altar; excepting what is prepared for the   sacrifices。      9。 What then can we say of Apion; but that he examined   nothing that concerned these things; while still he uttered   incredible words about them? but it is a great shame for a   grammarian not to be able to write true history。 Now if he   knew the purity of our temple; he hath entirely omitted to   take notice of it; but he forges a story about the seizing of a   Grecian; about ineffable food; and the most delicious   preparation of dainties; and pretends that strangers could go   into a place whereinto the noblest men among the Jews are   not allowed to enter; unless they be priests。 This; therefore; is   the utmost degree of impiety; and a voluntary lie; in order to   the delusion of those who will not examine into the truth of   matters; whereas such unspeakable mischiefs as are above   related have been occasioned by such calumnies that are   raised upon us。      10。 Nay; this miracle or piety derides us further; and adds the   following pretended facts to his former fable; for be says that   this man related how; 〃while the Jews were once in a long   war with the Idumeans; there came a man out of one of the   cities of the Idumeans; who there had worshipped Apollo。   This man; whose name is said to have been Zabidus; came to   the Jews; and promised that he would deliver Apollo; the god   of Dora; into their hands; and that he would come to our   temple; if they would all come up with him; and bring the   whole multitude of the Jews with them; that Zabidus made   him a certain wooden instrument; and put it round about   him; and set three rows of lamps therein; and walked after   such a manner; that he appeared to those that stood a great   way off him to be a kind of star; walking upon the earth; that   the Jews were terribly affrighted at so surprising an   appearance; and stood very quiet at a distance; and that   Zabidus; while they continued so very quiet; went into the   holy house; and carried off that golden head of an ass; (for so   facetiously does he write;) and then went his way back again   to Dora in great haste。〃 And say you so; sir! as I may reply;   then does Apion load the ass; that is; himself; and lays on   him a burden of fooleries and lies; for he writes of places   that have no being; and not knowing the cities he speaks of;   he changes their situation; for Idumea borders upon our   country; and is near to Gaza; in which there is no such city as   Dora; although there be; it is true; a city named Dora in   Phoenicia; near Mount Carmel; but it is four days' journey   from Idumea。 (12) Now; then; why does this man accuse us;   because we have not gods in common with other nations; if   our fathers were so easily prevailed upon to have Apollo   come to them; and thought they saw him walking upon the   earth; and the stars with him? for certainly those who have so   many festivals; wherein they light lamps; must yet; at this   rate; have never seen a candlestick! But still it seems that   while Zabidus took his journey over the country; where were   so many ten thousands of people; nobody met him。 He also;   it seems; even in a time of war; found the walls of Jerusalem   destitute of guards。 I omit the rest。 Now the doors of the holy   house were seventy (13) cubits high; and twenty cubits broad;   they were all plated over with gold; and almost of solid gold   itself; and there were no fewer than twenty (14) men required   to shut them every day; nor was it lawful ever to leave them   open; though it seems this lamp…bearer of ours opened them   easily; or thought he opened them; as he thought he had the   ass's head in his hand。 Whether; therefore; he returned it to   us again; or whether Apion took it; and brought it into the   temple again; that Antiochus might find it; and afford a   handle for a second fable of Apion's; is uncertain。      11。 Apion also tells a false story; when he mentions an oath   of ours; as if we 〃swore by God; the Maker of the heaven;   and earth; and sea; to bear no good will to any foreigner; and   particularly to none of the Greeks。〃 Now this liar ought to   have said directly that〃 we would bear no good…will to any   foreigner; and particularly to none of the Egyptians。〃 For   then his story about the oath would have squared with the   rest of his original forgeries; in case our forefathers had been   driven away by their kinsmen; the Egyptians; not on account   of any wickedness they had been guilty of; but on account of   the calamities they were under; for as to the Grecians; we   were rather remote from them in place; than different from   them in our institutions; insomuch that we have no enmity   with them; nor any jealousy of them。 On the contrary; it hath   so happened that many of them have come over to our laws;   and some of them have continued in their observation;   although others of them had not courage enough to   persevere; and so departed from them again; nor did any   body ever hear this oath sworn by us: Apion; it seems; was   the only person that heard it; for he indeed was the first   composer of it。      12。 However; Apion deserves to be admired for his great   prudence; as to what I am going to say; which is this;〃 That   there is a plain mark among us; that we neither have just   laws; nor worship God as we ought to do; because we are not   governors; but are rather in subjection to Gentiles; sometimes   to one nation; and sometimes to another; and that our city   hath been liable to several calamities; while their city   'Alexandria' hath been of old time an imperial city; and not   used to be in subjection to the Romans。〃 But now this man   had better leave off this bragging; for every body but himself   would think that Apion said what he hath said against   himself; for there are very few nations that have had the   good fortune to continue many generations in the   principality; but still the mutations in human affairs have put   them into subjection under others; and most nations have   been often subdued; and brought into subjection by others。   Now for the Egyptians; perhaps they are the only nation that   have had this extraordinary privilege; to have never served   any of those monarchs who subdued Asia and Europe; and   this on account; as they pretend; that the gods fled into their   country; and saved themselves by being changed into the   shapes of wild beasts! Whereas these Egyptians (15) are the   very people that appear to have never; in all the past ages;   had one day of freedom; no; not so much as from their own   lords。 For I will not reproach them with relating the manner   how the Persians used them; and this not once only; but   many times; when they laid their cities waste; demolished   their temples; and cut the throats of those animals whom   they esteemed to be gods; for it is not reasonable to imitate   the clownish ignorance of Apion; who hath no regard to the   misfortunes of the Athenians; or of the Lacedemonians; the   latter of whom were styled by all men the most courageous;   and the former the most religious of the Grecians。 I say   nothing of such kings as have been famous for piety;   particularly of one of them; whose name was Cresus; nor   what calamities he met with in his life; I say nothing of the   citadel of Athens; of the temple at Ephesus; of that at   Delphi; nor of ten thousand others which have been burnt   down; while nobody cast reproaches on those that were the   sufferers; but on those that were the actors therein。 But now   we have met with Apion; an accuser of our nation; though   one that still forgets the miseries of his own people; the   Egptians; but it is that Sesostris who was once so celebrated a   king of Egypt that hath blinded him。 Now we will not brag of   our kings; David and Solomon; though they conquered many   nations; accordingly we will let them alone。 However; Apion   is ignorant of what every body knows; that the Egyptians   were servants to the Persians; and afterwards to the   Macedonians; when they were lords of Asia; and were no   better than slaves; while we have enjoyed liberty formerly;   nay; more than that; have had the dominion of the cities that   lie round about us; and this nearly for a hundred and twenty   years together; until Pompeius Magnus。 And when all the   kings every where were conquered by the Romans; our   ancestors were the only people who continued to be   esteemed their confederates and friends; on account of their   fidelity to them。(16)      13。 〃But;〃 says Apion; 〃we Jews have not had any wonderful   men amongst us; not any inventors of arts; nor any eminent   for wisdom。〃 He then enumerates Socrates; and Zeno; and   Cleanthes; and some others of the same sort; and; after all;   he adds himself to them; which is the most wonderful thing   of all that he says; and pronounces Alexandria to be happy;   because it hath such a citizen as he is in it; for he was the   fittest man to be a witness to his own deserts; although he   hath appeared to all others no better than a wicked   mountebank; of a corrupt life and ill discourses; on which   account one may justly pity Alexandria;