第 14 节
作者:卡车      更新:2021-02-19 00:08      字数:9322
  into her family。 In a few days he was so much one of them that the mother
  forgot about his being a stranger。 Yet he was different from them in several
  waysolder       by   two    weeks;    stronger;    and    marked     on   the   neck    and
  shoulders with what afterward grew to be a dark mane。
  Little   Duskymane   could   not   have   been   happier   in   his   choice   of   a
  foster…mother; for the Yellow Wolf was not only a good hunter with a fund
  of cunning; but she was a Wolf of modern ideas as well。 The old tricks of
  tolling    a  Prairie    Dog;    relaying    for  Antelope;     houghing      a  Bronco     or
  flanking a Steer she had learned partly from instinct and partly from the
  example of her more experienced relatives; when they joined to form the
  winter   bands。   But;   just   as   necessary   nowadays;   she   had   learned   that   all
  men carry guns; that guns are irresistible; that the only way to avoid them
  is by keeping out of sight while the sun is up; and yet that at night they are
  harmless。 She had a fair comprehension of traps; indeed she had been in
  one once; and though she left a toe behind in pulling free; it was a toe most
  advantageously   disposed   of;   thenceforth;   though   not   comprehending   the
  nature of the trap; she was thoroughly imbued with the horror of it; with
  the   idea   indeed    that   iron   is   dangerous;   and   at   any   price   it   should   be
  avoided。
  On   one   occasion;   when   she   and   five   others   were   planning   to   raid   a
  Sheep   yard;   she   held   back   at   the   last   minute   because   some   newstrung
  wires appeared。 The others rushed in to find the Sheep beyond their reach;
  themselves in a death…trap。
  Thus she had learned the newer dangers; and while it is unlikely that
  she    had    any   clear    mental    conception      of   them    she   had    acquired     a
  wholesome   distrust   of   all   things   strange;   and   a   horror   of   one   or   two   in
  particular that proved her lasting safeguard。 Each year she raised her brood
  successfully  and   the  number  of Yellow Wolves increased   in   the  country。
  Guns; traps; men and the new animals they brought had been learned; but
  there was yet another lesson before hera terrible one indeed。
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  About   the   time   Duskymane's   brothers   were   a   month   old   his   foster…
  mother returned in a strange condition。 She was frothing at the mouth; her
  legs trembled; and she fell in a convulsion near the doorway of the den;
  but recovering; she came in。 Her jaws quivered; her teeth rattled a little as
  she tried to lick the little ones; she seized her own front leg and bit it so as
  not to bite them; but at length she grew quieter and calmer。 The Cubs had
  retreated in fear to a far pocket; but now they returned and crowded about
  her  to seek   their   usual   food。 The   mother  recovered;  but   was   very  ill   for
  two or three days; and those days with the poison in her system worked
  disaster   for   the   brood。  They   were   terribly   sick;   only  the   strongest   could
  survive; and when the trial of strength was over; the den contained only
  the old one and the Black…maned Cub; the one she had adopted。 Thus little
  Duskymane        became     her  sole  charge;    all  her  strength   was   devoted    to
  feeding him; and he thrived apace。
  Wolves are quick to learn certain things。 The reactions of smell are the
  greatest that a Wolf can feel; and thenceforth both Cub and foster…mother
  experienced a quick; unreasoning sense of fear and hate the moment the
  smell of strychnine reached them。
  IV
  THE RUDIMENTS OF WOLF TRAINING
  With the sustenance of seven at his service the little Wolf had   every
  reason to grow; and when in the autumn he began to follow his mother on
  her hunting trips he was as tall as she was。 Now a change of region was
  forced on them;  for   numbers of little Wolves   were   growing   up。  Sentinel
  Butte; the rocky fastness of the plains; was claimed by many that were big
  and strong; the weaker must move out; and with them Yellow Wolf and the
  Dusky Cub。
  Wolves have no language in the sense that man has; their vocabulary is
  probably     limited   to  a  dozen    howls;   barks;   and   grunts   expressing     the
  simplest emotions; but they have several other modes of conveying ideas;
  and one very special method of spreading informationthe Wolf…telephone。
  Scattered     over    their  range    are   a  number     of   recognized     〃centrals。〃
  Sometimes        these   are   stones;    sometimes      the   angle    of   cross…trails;
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  sometimes   a   Buffalo…skullindeed;   any   conspicuous   object   near   a   main
  trail is used。 A Wolf calling here; as a Dog does at a telegraph post; or a
  Muskrat at a certain mud…pie point; leaves his body…scent and learns what
  other   visitors   have   been   there   recently   to   do   the   same。   He   learns   also
  whence they came and where they went; as well as something about their
  condition;   whether   hunted;   hungry;   gorged;   or   sick。   By   this   system   of
  registration a Wolf knows where his friends; as well as his foes; are to be
  found。 And Duskymane; following after the Yellow Wolf; was taught the
  places and uses of the many signal…stations without any conscious attempt
  at teaching on the part of his foster…mother。 Example backed by his native
  instincts was indeed the chief teacher; but on one occasion at least there
  was something very like the effort of a human parent to guard her child in
  danger。
  The Dark Cub had learned the rudiments of Wolf life: that the way to
  fight Dogs is to run; and to fight as you run; never grapple; but snap; snap;
  snap;   and   make   for   the   rough   country   where   Horses   cannot   bring   their
  riders。
  He learned not to bother about the Coyotes that follow for the pickings
  when you hunt; you cannot catch them and they do you no harm。
  He knew he must not waste time dashing after Birds that alight on the
  ground; and that he must keep away from the little black and white Animal
  with the bushy tail。 It is not very good to eat; and it is very; very bad to
  smell。
  Poison! Oh; he never forgot that smell from the day when the den was
  cleared of all his foster…brothers。
  He   now   knew   that   the   first   move   in   attacking   Sheep   was   to   scatter
  them; a lone Sheep is a foolish and easy prey; that the way to round up a
  band of Cattle was to frighten a Calf。
  He learned that he must always attack a Steer behind; a Sheep in front;
  and a Horse in the middle; that is; on the flank; and never; never attack a
  man   at   all;   never   even   face   him。   But   an   important   lesson   was   added   to
  these; one in which the mother consciously taught him of a secret foe。
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  V
  THE LESSON ON TRAPS
  A Calf had died in branding…time and now; two weeks later; was in its
  best state for perfect taste; not too fresh; not over…ripethat is; in a Wolf's
  opinion …and the wind carried this information afar。 The Yellow Wolf and
  Duskymane were out for supper; though not yet knowing where; when the
  tidings of veal arrived; and they trotted up the wind。 The Calf was in an
  open   place;   and   plain   to   be   seen   in   the   moonlight。   A  Dog   would   have
  trotted right up to the carcass; an         old…time Wolf might have done so; but
  constant   war   had   developed   constant   vigilance   in   the  Yellow   Wolf;   and
  trusting nothing and no one but her nose; she slacked her speed to a walk。
  On    coming     in  easy   view   she   stopped;    and   for  long   swung    her   nose;
  submitting the wind to the closest possible chemical analysis。 She tried it
  with her finest tests; blew all the membranes clean again and tried it once
  more;   and   this   was   the   report   of   the   trusty   nostrils;   yes;   the   unanimous
  report。 First; rich and racy smell of Calf; seventy per cent。; smells of grass;
  bugs; wood; flowers; trees; sand; and other uninteresting negations; fifteen
  per cent。; smell of her Cub and herself; positive but ignorable; ten per cent。;
  smell   of   human   tracks;   two   per   cent。;   smell   of   smoke;   one   per   cent。;   of
  sweaty leather smell; one per cent。; of human body…scent (not discernible
  in