第 4 节
作者:风格1      更新:2021-02-18 23:33      字数:9322
  little; and to be satisfied with very coarse fare; and who was never
  stained with the least excess in wine; even when he was most at
  leisure。 What leisure time he allowed himself he spent in hunting
  and riding about; and so made himself thoroughly acquainted with every
  passage for escape when he would fly; and for overtaking and
  intercepting a pursuit; and gained a perfect knowledge of where he
  could and where he could not go。 Insomuch that Metellus suffered all
  the inconveniences of defeat; although he earnestly desired to
  fight; and Sertorius; though he refused the field; reaped all the
  advantages of a conqueror。 For he hindered them from foraging; and cut
  them off from water; if they advanced; he was nowhere to be found;
  if they stayed in any place and encamped; he continually molested
  and alarmed them; if they besieged any town; he presently appeared and
  besieged them again; and put them to extremities for want of
  necessaries。 Thus he so wearied out the Roman army that when Sertorius
  challenged Metellus to fight singly with him; they commended it; and
  cried out it was a fair offer; a Roman to fight against a Roman; and a
  general against a general; and when Metellus refused the challenge;
  they reproached him。 Metellus derided and contemned this; and
  rightly so; for; as Theophrastus observes; a general should die like a
  general; and not like a skirmisher。 But perceiving that the town of
  the Langobritae; which gave great assistance to Sertorius; might
  easily be taken for want of water; as there was but one well within
  the walls; and the besieger would be master of the springs and
  fountains in the suburbs; he advanced against the place; expecting
  to carry it in two days' time; there being no more water; and gave
  command to his soldiers to take five days' provision only。
  Sertorius; however; resolving to send speedy relief; ordered two
  thousand skins to be filled with water; naming a considerable sum of
  money for the carriage of every skin; and many Spaniards and Moors
  undertaking the work; he chose out those who were the strongest and
  swiftest of foot; and sent them through the mountains; with order that
  when they had delivered the water; they should convey away privately
  all those who would be least serviceable in the siege; that there
  might be water sufficient for the defendants。 As soon as Metellus
  understood this; he was disturbed; as he had already consumed most
  part of the necessary provisions for his army; but he sent out Aquinus
  with six thousand soldiers to fetch in fresh supplies。 But Sertorius
  having notice of it; laid an ambush for him; and having sent out
  beforehand three thousand men to take post in a thickly wooded
  water…course; with these he attacked the rear of Aquinus in his
  return; while he himself; charging him in the front; destroyed part of
  his army; and took the rest prisoners; Aquinus only escaping; after
  the loss of both his horse and his armour。 And Metellus; being
  forced shamefully to raise the siege; withdrew amidst the laughter and
  contempt of the Spaniards; while Sertorius became yet more the
  object of their esteem and admiration。
  He was also highly honoured for his introducing discipline and
  good order amongst them; for he altered their furious savage manner of
  fighting; and brought them to make use of the Roman armour; taught
  them to keep their ranks; and observe signals and watchwards; and
  out of a confused number of thieves and robbers he constituted a
  regular; well…disciplined army。 He bestowed silver and gold upon
  them liberally to gild and adorn their helmets; he had their shields
  worked with various figures and designs; he brought them into the mode
  of wearing flowered and embroidered cloaks and coats; and by supplying
  money for these purposes; and joining with them in all improvements;
  he won the hearts of all。 That; however; which delighted them most was
  the care that he took of their children。 He sent for all the boys of
  noblest parentage out of all their tribes; and placed them in the
  great city of Osca; where he appointed masters to instruct them in the
  Grecian and Roman learning。 that when they came to be men; they might;
  as he professed; be fitted to share with him in authority; and in
  conducting the government; although under this pretext he really
  made them hostages。 However; their fathers were wonderfully pleased to
  see their children going daily to the schools in good order;
  handsomely dressed in gowns edged with purple; and that Sertorius paid
  for their lessons; examined them often; distributed rewards to the
  most deserving; and gave them the golden bosses to hang about their
  necks; which the Romans called bullae。
  There being a custom in Spain that when a commander was slain in
  battle; those who attended his person fought it out till they all died
  with him; which the inhabitants of those countries called an offering;
  or libation; there were few commanders that had any considerable guard
  or number of attendants; but Sertorius was followed by many
  thousands who offered themselves; and vowed to spend their blood
  with his。 And it is told that when his army was defeated near a city
  in Spain; and the enemy pressed hard upon them; the Spaniards; with no
  care for themselves; but being totally solicitous to save Sertorius;
  took him upon their shoulders and passed him from one to another; till
  they carried him into the city; and only when they had thus placed
  their general in safety; provided afterwards each man for his own
  security。
  Nor were the Spaniards alone ambitious to serve him; but the Roman
  soldiers; also; that came out of Italy; were impatient to be under his
  command; and when Perpenna Vento; who was of the same faction with
  Sertorius; came into Spain with a quantity of money and a large number
  of troops; and designed to make war against Metellus on his own
  account; his own soldiers opposed it; and talked continually of
  Sertorius; much to the mortification of Perpenna; who was puffed up
  with the grandeur of his family and his riches。 And when they
  afterwards received tidings that Pompey was passing the Pyrenees; they
  took up their arms laid hold on their ensigns; called upon Perpenna to
  lead them to Sertorius; and threatened him that if he refused they
  would go without him and place themselves under a commander who was
  able to defend himself and those that served him。 And so Perpenna
  was obliged to yield to their desires; and joining Sertorius; added to
  his army three…and…fifty cohorts。
  When now all the cities on this side of the river Ebro also united
  their forces together under his command; his army grew great; for they
  flocked together and flowed in upon him from all quarters。 But when
  they continually cried out to attack the enemy; and were impatient
  of delay; their inexperienced; disorderly rashness caused Sertorius
  much trouble; who at first strove to restrain them with reason and
  good counsel; but when he perceived them refractory and unseasonably
  violent; he gave way to their impetuous desires; and permitted them to
  engage with the enemy; in such sort that they might; being repulsed;
  yet not totally routed become more obedient to his commands for the
  future。 Which happening as he had anticipated; he soon rescued them;
  and brought them safe into his camp。 After a few days; being willing
  to encourage them again; when he had called all his army together;
  he caused two horses to be brought into the field; one old; feeble;
  lean animal the other a lusty; strong horse; with a remarkably thick
  and long tail。 Near the lean one he placed a tall; strong man; and
  near the strong young horse a weak; despicable…looking fellow; and
  at a sign given; the strong man took hold of the weak horse's tail
  with both his hands; and drew it to him with his whole force; as if he
  would pull it off; the other; the weak man; in the meantime; set to
  work to pluck off hair by hair from the great horse's tail。 When the
  strong man had given trouble enough to himself in vain; and sufficient
  diversion to the company; and had abandoned his attempt; whilst the
  weak; pitiful fellow in a short time and with little pains had left
  not a hair on the great horse's tail; Sertorius rose up and spoke to
  his army。 〃You see; fellow…soldiers; that perseverance is more
  prevailing than violence; and that many things which cannot be
  overcome when they are together; yield themselves up when taken little
  by little。 Assiduity and persistence are irresistible; and in time
  overthrow and destroy the greatest powers whatever。 Time being the
  favourable friend and assistant of those who use their judgment to
  await his occasions; and the destructive enemy of those who are
  unreasonably urging and pressing forward。〃 With a frequent use of such
  words and such devices; he soothed the fierceness of the barbarous
  people; and taught them to attend and watch for their opportunities。
  Of all his remarkable exploits; none raised greater admiration
  than that which he put in practice against the Characitanians。 These
  are a people beyond the river Tagus; who inhabit neither cities nor
  towns; but live in a vast high hill; within the deep dens and caves of
  the rocks; the mouths of which open all towards the north。 T