第 105 节
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Chatellenot (near Asnay…le…Duc) to the President of the National
Assembly; July 1; 1791。 〃In the realm of liberty we live under the
most cruel tyranny; and in a state of the most complete anarchy;
while the administrative bodies and the police; still in their
infancy; seem to act only in fear and trembling。 。 。 。 So far;
in all crimes; they are more concerned with extenuating the facts;
than in punishing the offense。 The result is that the guilty have
had no other restraint on them than a few gentle phrases like this:
Dear brothers and friends; you are in the wrong; be careful;〃 etc。
… Ibid。 ; F7; 3229。 Letter of the Directory of the Department of
Marne; July 13; 1791。 (Searches by the National Guard in chateaux
and the disarming of formerly privileged persons。) 〃None of our
injunctions were obeyed。〃 For example; there is breakage and
violence in the residence of M。 Guinaumont at Merry; the gun; shot
and powder of the game…keeper even are carried off。 〃M。 de
Guinaumont is without the means of defending himself against a mad
dog or any other savage brute that might come into his woods or into
his courtyard。〃 The Mayor of Merry; with the National Guard; under
compulsion; tells them in vain that they are breaking the law。 …
Petition of Madame d'Ambly; wife of the deputy; June 28; 1791。 Not
having the guns which she had already given up; she is made to pay
150 francs。
'14' Archives Nationales;〃 DXXIX。 4。 Letters of the Administrators
of the Department of Rh?ne…et…Loire; July 6; 1791。 (M。 Vilet is one
of the signers。) … Mercure de France; October 8; 1791。
'15' Mercure de France; August 20; 1791; the article by Mallet du
Pan。 〃The details of the picture I have just sketched were all
furnished me by Madame Dumoutet herself。〃 I am 〃authorized by her
signature to guarantee the accuracy of this narrative。〃
'16' Mercure de France; August 20; 1791; the article by Mallet du
Pan。 〃The proceedings instituted at Lyons confirmed this banquet of
cannibals。〃
'17' The letter of the Department ends with this either na?ve or
ironical expression: 〃You have now only one conquest to make; that
of making the people obey and submit to the law。〃
'18' 〃Archives Nationales;〃 P7; 3;200。 See documents relating to
the affair of November 5; 1792; and the events which preceded it or
followed it; and among others 〃Lettres du Directoire et du
Procureur…syndic du Departement;〃 〃Pétition et Mémoire pour les
Déténus;〃 〃Lettres d'un Témoin;〃 M。 de Morant。 … Moniteur; X。
356。 〃Minutes of the meeting de la Municipalité de Caen〃 and of the
〃Directoire du Departement;〃 XI。1264; 206。 〃Rapport de Guadet;〃 and
documents of the trial。 … 〃Archives Nationales;〃 ibid。 。 …
〃Lettres de M。 Cahier;〃 Minister of the Interior; January 26; 1792;
of M。 C。 D。 de Pontécoulant; President of the Department
Directory; February 3; 1792。 … Proclamation by the Directory。
'19' 〃Archives Nationales;〃 F7; 3200。 Letter of September 26; 1791。
… Letter found on one of the arrested gentlemen。 〃A cowardly
bourgeoisie; directors in cellars; a clubbist (Jacobin)
municipality; waging the most illegal war against us。〃
'20' 〃Archives Nationales;〃 F7; 3200。 Letter of the Attorney…
General of Bayeux; May 14; 1792; and of the Directory of Bayeux; May
21; 1792。 … At Bayeux; likewise; the refugees are denounced and in
peril。 According to their verified statements they scarcely
amounted to one hundred。 〃Several nonjuring priests; indeed; are
found among them。 (But) the rest; for the most part; consist of the
heads of families who are known to reside habitually in neighboring
districts; and who have been forced to leave their homes after
having been; or fearing to become; victims of religious intolerance
or of the threats of factions and of brigands。〃
'21' Lenin has probably read this during his studies in Paris and
maybe been confirmed in his plan to create a new elite; an elite he
eventually began to make use of from 1917 and onwards; an elite
which continues to rule Russia and a great part of the world today。
(SR。)
'22' Mercure de France; June 4; 1790 (letter from Cahors; May 17;
and an Act of the Municipality; May 10; 1790)。
'23' 〃Archives Nationales;〃 F7;; 1223。 Letter of count Louis de
Beaumont; November 9; 1791。 His letter; in a very moderate tone;
thus end: 〃You must admit; sir; that it is very disagreeable and
even incredible; that the Municipal Officers should be the
originators of the disorders which occur in this town。〃
'24' Mercure de France; January 7; 1792。 M。 Granchier de Riom
petitions the Directory of his Department in relation to the
purchase of the cemetery; where his father had been interred four
years before; his object is to prevent it from being dug up; which
was decreed; and to preserve the family vault。 He at the same time
wishes to buy the church of Saint…Paul; in order to insure the
continuance of the masses in behalf of his father's soul。 The
Directory replies (December 5; 1791): 〃considering that the motives
which have determined the petitioner in his declaration are a
pretense of good feeling under which there is hidden an illusion
powerless to pervert a sound mind; the Directory decides that the
application of the sieur Granchier cannot be granted。〃
'25' De Ferrières; II。 268 (April 19; 1791)。
'26' De Montlosier; II。 307; 309; 312。
'27' Moniteur; VI。 556。 Letter of M d'Aymar; commodore; November 18;
1790。
'28' Mercure de France; May 28; and June 16; 1791 (letters from
Cahors and Castelnau; May 18)。
'29' Mercure de France; number of May 28; 1791。 At the festival of
the Federation; M。 de Massy would not order his cavalry to put their
chapeaux on the points of their swords; which was a difficult
maneuver。 He was accused of treason to the nation on account of
this; and obliged to leave Tulle for several months。 … 〃 Archives
Nationales;〃 F7; 3204。 Extract from the minutes of the tribunal of
Tulle; May 10; 1791。
'30' 〃Archives Nationales;〃 F7; 3215; 〃Minutes of the meeting des
Officiers Municipaux de Brest;〃 June 23; 1791。
'31' 〃Mémoires de Cuvier〃 (〃Eloges Historiques;〃 by Flourens); I;
177。 Cuvier; who was then in Havre (1788); had pursued the higher
studies in a German administrative school。 〃M。 de Surville;〃 he
says; an officer in the Artuis regiment; has one of the must refined
minds and most amiable characters I ever encountered。 There were a
good many of this sort among his comrades; and I am always
astonished how such men could vegetate in the obscure ranks of an
infantry regiment。〃
'32' De Dampmartin; I。 133。 At the beginning of the year 1790;
〃inferior officers said: 'We ought to demand something; for we have
at least as many grievances as our troopers;' 〃 … M。 de la
Rochejacquelein; after his great success in La Vendée; said: 〃I hope
that the King; when once he is restored; will give me a regiment。〃
He aspired to nothing more (〃Mémoires de Madame de la
Rochejacquelein〃)。 … Cf。 〃Un Officier royaliste au Service de la
Republique;〃 by M。 de Bezancenet; in the letters and biography of
General de Dommartin killed in the expedition to Egypt。
'33' Correspondence of MM。 de Thiard; de Caraman; de Miran; de
Bercheny; etc。; above cited; passim。 … Correspondence of M。 de
Thiard; May 5; 1780: 〃The town of Vannes has an authoritative style
which begins to displease me。 It wants the King to furnish drum…
sticks。 The first log of wood would provide these; with greater
ease and promptness。〃
'34' 〃Archives Nationales;〃 F7; 3248; March 16; 1791。 At Douai;
Nicolon; a grain…dealer; is hung because the municipal authorities
did not care to proclaim martial law。 The commandant; M。 de la
Noue; had not the right of ordering his men to move; and the murder
took place before his eyes。
'35' The last named; especially; died with heroic meekness (Mercure
de France; June 18; 1791)。 … Sitting of June 9; speeches by two
officers of the regiment of Port…au…Prince; one of them an eye…
witness。
'36' 〃De Dampmartin;〃 II。 214。 Desertion is very great; even in
ordinary times; supplying foreign armies with 〃a fourth of their
effective men。〃 … Towards the end of 1789; Dubois de Crancé; an
old musketeer and one of the future 〃men of the mountain;〃 stated to
the National Assembly that the old system of recruiting supplied the
army with 〃men without home or occupation; who often became soldiers
to avoid civil penalties〃 (Moniteur; II。 376; 381; sitting of
December 12; 1789)。
'37' 〃Archives Nationales;〃 KK; 1105; Correspondence of M。 de
Thiard; September 4 and 7; 1789; November 20; 1789; April 28; and
May 29; 1790。 〃The spirit of insubordination which begins to show
itself in the Bassigny regiment is an epidemic disease which is
insensibly spreading among all the troops。 。 。 。 The troops are
all in a state of gangrene;