What！　Madame　Guillin；　who　was　obliged　to　fly　with　horror　from　the
  land　where　monsters　have　burnt　her　dwelling；　slaughtered　and　eaten
  her　husband；　and　who　live　with　impunity　by　the　side　of　her　home　　…
  shall　Madame　Guillin　see　her　fortune　confiscated　for　the　benefit　of
  the　communities　to　which　she　owes　her　dreadful　misfortunes！　Shall　M。
  de　Clarac；　under　penalty　of　the　same　punishment；　go　and　restore　the
  ruins　of　his　chateau；　where　an　army　of　scoundrels　failed　to　smother
  him！〃　　…　　So　much　the　worse　for　them　if　they　dare　not　come　back！
  They　are　to　undergo　civil　death；　perpetual　banishment；　and；　in　case
  the　ban　be　violated；　they　will　be　given　up　to　the　guillotine。　　In
  the　same　case　with　them　are　others　who；　with　still　greater
  innocence；　have　left　the　territory；　magistrates；　ordinary　rich
  people；　burgesses；　or　peasants；　Catholics；　and　particularly　one
  entire　class；　the　nonjuring　clergy；　from　the　cardinal　archbishop
  down　to　the　simple　village　vicar；　all　prosecuted；　then　despoiled；
  then　crushed　by　the　same　popular　oppression　and　by　the　same
  legislative　oppression；　each　of　these　two　persecutions　exciting　and
  aggravating　the　other　to　such　an　extent　that；　at　last；　the　populace
  and　the　law；　one　the　accomplice　of　the　other；　no　longer　leave　a　roof
  nor　a　piece　of　bread；　nor　an　hour's　safety　to　a　gentleman　or　to　a
  priest。＇51＇
  VIII。
  Attitude　of　the　non…juring　priests。　　…　　How　they　become　distrusted。
  …　　Illegal　arrests　by　local　administrations。　　…　　Violence　or
  complicity　of　the　National　Guards。　　…　　Outrages　by　the　populace。　　…
  Executive　power　in　the　south。　　…　　The　sixth　jacquerie。　　…　　Its　two
  causes。　　…　　Isolated　outbreaks　in　the　north；　east；　and　west；　…
  General　eruption　in　the　south　and　in　the　center。
  The　ruling　passion　flings　itself　on　all　obstacles；　even　those　placed
  by　itself　across　its　own　track。　　Through　a　vast　usurpation　the
  minority　of　non…believers；　indifferent　or　lukewarm；　has　striven　to
  impose　its　ecclesiastical　forms　on　the　Catholic　majority；　and　the
  situation　thereby　created　for　the　Catholic　priest　is　such　that
  unless　he　becomes　schismatic；　he　cannot　fail　to　appear　as　an　enemy。
  In　vain　has　he　obeyed！　He　has　allowed　his　property　to　be　taken；　he
  has　left　his　parsonage；　he　has　given　the　keys　of　the　church　to　his
  successor；　he　has　kept　aloof；　he　does　not　transgress；　either　by
  omission　or　commission；　any　article　of　any　decree。　　In　vain　does　he
  avail　himself　of　his　legal　right　to　abstain　from　taking　an　oath
  repugnant　to　his　conscience。　　This　alone　makes　him　appear　to　refuse
  the　civic　oath　in　which　the　ecclesiastical　oath　is　included；　to
  reject　the　constitution　which　he　accepts　in　full　minus　a　parasite
  chapter；　to　conspire　against　the　new　social　and　political　order　of
  things　which　he　often　approves　of；　and　to　which　he　almost　always
  submits。＇52＇　　In　vain　does　he　confine　himself　to　his　special　and
  recognized　domain；　the　spiritual　direction　of　things。　　Through　this
  alone　he　resists　the　new　legislators　who　pretend　to　furnish　a
  spiritual　guidance；　for；　by　virtue　of　being　orthodox；　he　must
  believe　that　the　priest　whom　they　elect　is　excommunicated；　that　his
  sacraments　are　vain；　and；　in　his　office　as　pastor；　he　must　prevent
  his　sheep　from　going　to　drink　at　an　impure　source。　　In　vain　might　he
  preach　to　them　moderation　and　respect。　　Through　the　mere　fact　that
  the　schism　is　effected；　its　consequences　unfold　them　selves；　and　the
  peasants　will　not　always　remain　as　patient　as　their　pastor。　　They
  have　known　him　for　twenty　years；　he　has　baptized　them　and　married
  them；　they　believe　that　his　is　the　only　true　mass；　they　are　not
  satisfied　to　be　obliged　to　attend　another　two　or　three　leagues　away；
  and　to　leave　the　church；　their　church　which　their　ancestors　built；
  and　where　from　father　to　son　they　have　prayed　for　centuries；　in　the
  hands　of　a　stranger；　an　intruder　and　heretic；　who　officiates　before
  almost　empty　benches；　and　whom　gendarmes；　with　guns　in　their　hands；
  have　installed。　　Assuredly；　as　he　passes　through　the　street；　they
  will　look　upon　him　askance：　it　is　not　surprising　that　the　women　and
  children　soon　hoot　at　him；　that　stones　are　thrown　at　night　through
  his　windows；　that　in　the　strongly　Catholic　departments；　Upper　and
  Lower　Rhine；　Doubs　and　Jura；　Lozère；　Deux…Sêvres　and　Vendée；
  Finistère；　Morbihan；　and　C？tes…du…Nord；　he　is　greeted　with　universal
  desertion；　and　then　expelled　through　public　ill…will。　　It　is　not
  surprising　that　his　mass　is　interrupted　and　that　his　person　is
  threatened；＇53＇　that　disaffection　which　thus　far　had　only　reached
  the　upper　class；　descends　to　the　popular　strata；　that；　from　one　end
  of　France　to　the　other；　a　sullen　hostility　prevails　against　the　new
  institutions；　for　now　the　political　and　social　constitution　is
  joined　to　the　ecclesiastical　constitution　like　an　edifice　to　its
  spire；　and；　through　this　sharp　pinnacle；　seeks　the　storm　even　within
  the　darkening　clouds　of　heaven。　　The　evil　all　springs　out　of　this
  unskillful；　gratuitous；　compulsory　fusion；　and；　consequently；　from
  those　who　effected　it。
  But　never　will　a　victorious　party　admit　that　it　has　made　a　mistake。
  In　its　eyes　the　nonjuring　priests　are　alone　culpable；　it　is
  irritated　against　their　factious　conscience；　and；　to　crush　the
  rebellion　even　in　the　inaccessible　sanctuary　of　personal　conviction；
  there　is　no　legal　or　brutal　act　of　violence　which　it　will　not　allow
  itself　to　commit。
  Behold；　accordingly；　a　new　sport　thrown　open；　and　the　game　is
  immensely　plentiful。　　For　it　comprises　not　only　the　black　or　gray
  robes；　more　than　forty　thousand　priests；　over　thirty　thousand　nuns；
  and　several　thousand　monks；　but　also　the　devoted　orthodox；　that　is
  to　say　the　women　of　the　low　or　middle　class；　and；　without　counting
  provincial　nobles；　a　majority　of　the　serious；　steady　bourgeoisie；　a
  majority　of　the　peasantry…almost　the　whole　population　of　several
  provinces；　east；　west；　and　in　the　south。　　A　name　is　bestowed　on
  them；　as　lately　on　the　nobles；　it　is　that　of　fanatic；　which　is
  equivalent　to　aristocrat；　for　it　also　designates　public　enemies
  likewise　placed　by　it　beyond　the　pale　of　the　law。
  Little　does　it　matter　whether　the　law　favors　them；　for　it　is
  interpreted　against　them；　arbitrarily　construed　and　openly　violated
  by　the　partial　or　intimidated　administrative　bodies　which　the
  Constitution　has　withdrawn　from　the　control　of　the　central　authority
  and　subjected　to　the　authority　of　popular　gatherings。　　From　the
  first　months　of　1791；　the　hounding　begins；　the　municipalities；
  districts；　and　departments　themselves　often　take　the　lead　in　beating
  up　the　game。　　Six　months　later；　the　Legislative　Assembly；　by　its
  decree　of　November　29；＇54＇　sounds　the　tally…ho；　and；　in　spite　of　the
  King's　veto；　the　hounds　on　all　sides　dash　forward。　　During　the　month
  of　April；　1792；　forty…two　departments　pass　against　nonjuring　priests
  〃acts　which　are　neither　prescribed　nor　authorized　by　the
  Constitution；〃　and；　before　the　end　of　the　Legislative　Assembly；
  forty…three　others　will　have　followed　in　their　train。　　…　　Through
  this　series　of　illegal　acts；　without　offense；　without　trial；　non…
  jurors　are　everywhere　in　France　expelled　from　their　parishes；
  relegated　to　the　principal　town　of　the　department　or　district；　in
  some　places　imprisoned；　put　on　the　same　footing　with　the　emigrants；
  and　despoiled　of　their　property；　real　and　personal。＇55＇　　Nothing
  more　is　wanting　against　them　but　the　general　decree　of　deportation
  which　is　to　come　as　soon　as　the　Assembly　can　get　rid　of　the　King。
  In　the　meantime；　the　National　Guards；　who　have　extorted　the　laws；
  endeavor　to　aggravate　them　in　their　application；　and　there　is
  nothing　strange　in　their　animosity。　　Commerce　is　at　a　standstill；
  industry　languishes；　the　artisan　and　shopkeeper　suffer；　and；　in
  order　to　account　for　the　universal　discontent；　it　is　attributed　to
  the　insubordination　of　the　priest。　　Were　it　not　for　his　stubbornness
  all　would　go　well；　since　the　Constitution　is　perfect；　and　he　is　the
  only　one　who　does　not　accept　it。　　But；　in　not　accepting　it；　he
  attacks　it。　　He；　therefore；　is　the　last　obstacle　in　the　way　of
  public　happiness；　he　is　the　scapegoat；　let　us　drive　the　obnoxious
  creature　away！　And　the　urban　militia；　sometimes　on　its　own
  authority；　sometimes　instigated　by　the　municipal　body　its
  accomplice；　is　seen　disturbing　public　worship；　dispersing
  congregations；　seizing　priests　by　the　collar；　pushing　them　by　the
  shoulders　out　of　the　town；　and　threatening　them　with　hanging　if　they
  dare　to　return。　　At　Douay；＇56＇　with　guns　in　hand；　they　force　the
  directory　of　the　department　to　order　the　closing　of　all　the
  oratories　and　chapels　in　hospitals　and　convents。　　At　Caen；　with
  loaded　guns　and　with　a　cannon；　they　march　forth　against　the
  neighboring　parish　of　Verson；　break　into　houses；　gather　up　fifteen
  persons　suspected　of　orthodoxy　　…　　canons；　merchants；　artisans；
  workmen；　women；　girls；　old　men；　and　the　infirm　　…　　cut　off　their
  hair；　strike　them　with　the　but…ends　of　their　musket