第 96 节
作者:开了      更新:2021-02-18 23:01      字数:9321
  inverse sense; contrary to the law; and yet more contrary to
  nature。'21'  For; by a violent inversion; the lower grades in the
  graduated scale of civilization and culture now are found uppermost;
  while the superior grades are found at the uniform。 The Constitution
  having suppressed inequality; this has again arisen in an inverse
  sense。  The populace; both of town and country; taxes; imprisons;
  pillages; and slays more arbitrarily; more brutally; more unjustly
  than feudal barons; and for its serfs or villains it has its ancient
  chieftains。
  V。
  Persecutions in private life。
  Let us suppose that; in order not to excite suspicion; they are
  content to be without arms; to form no more associations; not to
  attend elections; to shut themselves up at home; to strictly confine
  themselves within the harmless precincts of domestic life。  The same
  distrust; the same animosity; still pursues them there。  …  At
  Cahors;'22' where the municipal authorities; in spite of the law;
  had just expelled the Carthusians who; under legal sanction; chose
  to remain and live in common; two of the monks; before their
  departure; give to M。 de Beaumont; their friend and neighbor; four
  dwarf pear…trees and some onions in blossom in their garden。  On the
  strength of this; the municipal body decree that
  〃the sieur Louis de Beaumont; formerly count; is guilty of having
  audaciously and maliciously damaged national property;〃 condemns him
  to pay a fine of three hundred livres; and orders 〃that the four
  pear…trees; pulled up in the so…called Carthusian garden; be brought
  on the following day; Wednesday; to the door of the said sieur de
  Beaumont; and there remain for four consecutive days; guarded; day
  and night; by two fusiliers; at the expense of the said sieur de
  Beaumont; and upon the said trees shall be placed the following
  inscription; to wit: Louis de Beaumont; destroyer of the national
  property。  And the judgment herewith rendered shall be printed to
  the number of one thousand copies; read; published; and posted at
  the expense of the said sieur de Beaumont; and duly addressed
  throughout the department of Lot to the districts and municipalities
  thereof; as well as to all societies of the Friends of the
  Constitution and of Liberty。〃
  Every line of this legal invective discloses the malignant envy of
  the local recorder; who revenges himself for having formerly bowed
  too low。  …  The following year; M。 de Beaumont; having formally and
  under notarial sanction bought a church which was sold by the
  district; along with the ornaments and objects of worship it
  contained; the mayor and municipal officers; followed by a lot of
  workmen; come and carry away and destroy everything  …
  confessionals; altars; and even the saint's canonised body; which
  had been interred for one hundred and fifty years: so that; after
  their departure; 〃the edifice resembled a vast barn filled with
  ruins and rubbish。〃'23' It must be noted that; at this very time; M。
  de Beaumont is military commandant at Perigord。  The treatment he
  undergoes shows what is in reserve for ordinary nobles。  I do not
  recommend them to attend official sales of property。'24'  …  Will
  they even be free in their domestic enjoyments; and on entering a
  drawing…room are they sure of quietly passing an evening there?  …
  At Paris; even; a number of persons of rank; among them the
  ambassadors of Denmark and Venice; are listening to a concert in a
  mansion in the Faubourg Saint…Honoré given by a foreign virtuoso;
  when a cart enters the court loaded with fifty bundles of hay; the
  monthly supply for the horses。  A patriot; who sees the cart driven
  in; imagines that the King is concealed underneath the hay; and that
  he has come there for the purpose of plotting with the aristocrats
  about his flight。  A mob gathers; and the National Guard arrives;
  along with a commissioner; while four grenadiers stand guard around
  the cart。  The commissioner; in the meantime; inspects the hotel; he
  sees music…stands; and the arrangements for a supper; comes back;
  has the cart unloaded; and states to the people that he has found
  nothing suspicious。  The people do not believe him; and demand a
  second inspection。  This is made by twenty…four delegates; the
  bundles of hay; moreover; are counted; and several of them are
  unbound; but all in vain。  Disappointed and irritated; having
  anticipated a spectacle; the crowd insists that all the invited
  guests; men and women; should leave the house on foot; and only get
  into their carriages at the end of the street。  〃First comes a file
  of empty carriages;〃 next; 〃all the guests in their evening attire;
  and the ladies in full dress; trembling with fear; with downcast
  eyes; between two rows of men; women; and children; who stare them
  in the face; and overwhelm them with insults。〃'25'
  Suspected of holding secret meetings; and called to account in his
  own house; has the noble at least the right to frequent a public
  saloon; to eat in a restaurant; and to take the fresh air in a
  balcony?  …  The Vicomte de Mirabeau; who has just dined in the
  Palais…Royal; stands at the window to take the air; and is
  recognized; there is a gathering; and the cry is soon heard; 〃Down
  with Mirabeau…Tonneau (barrel…Mirabeau)!〃'26' 〃Gravel is flung at
  him from all sides; and occasionally stones。  One of the window…
  panes is broken by a stone。  Immediately picking up the stone; he
  shows it to the crowd; and; at the same time; quietly places it on
  the sill of the window; in token of moderation。〃 There is a loud
  outcry; his friends force him to withdraw inside; and Bailly; the
  mayor; comes in person to quiet the aggressors。  In this case there
  are good reasons for their hatred。  The gentleman whom they stone is
  a bon…vivant; large and fat; fond of rich epicurean Suppers; and on
  this account the populace imagine him to be a monster; and even
  worse; an ogre。  With regard to these nobles; whose greatest
  misfortune is to be over…polished and too worldly; the over…excited
  imagination revives its old nursery tales。  …  M。 de Montlosier;
  living in the Rue Richelieu; finds that he is watched on his way to
  the National Assembly。  One woman especially; from thirty to thirty…
  two years of age; who sold meat at a stall in the Passage Saint…
  Guillaume; 〃regarded him with special attention。  As soon as she saw
  him coming she took up a long; broad knife which she sharpened
  before him; casting furious looks at him。〃 He asks his housekeeper
  what this means。  Two children of that quarter have disappeared;
  carried off by gipsies; and the report is current that M。 de
  Montlosier; the Marquis de Mirabeau; and other deputies of the
  〃right;〃 meet together 〃to hold orgies in which they eat little
  children。〃
  In this state of public opinion there is no crime which is not
  imputed to them; no insult which is not freely bestowed on them。
  〃Traitors; tyrants; conspirators; assassins;〃 such is the current
  vocabulary of the clubs and newspapers in relation to them。
  〃Aristocrat〃 signifies all this; and whoever dares to refute the
  calumny is himself an aristocrat。  …  At the Palais…Royal; it is
  constantly repeated that M。 de Castries; in his last duel; made use
  of a poisoned sword; and an officer of the navy who protests against
  this false report is himself accused; tried on the spot; and
  condemned 〃to be shut up in the guard…house or thrown into the
  fountain。〃'27'  …  The nobles must beware of defending their honor
  in the usual way and of meeting an insult with a challenge! At
  Castelnau; near Cahors;'28' one of those who; the preceding year;
  marched against the incendiaries; M。 de Bellud; Knight of Saint…
  Louis; on coming down the public square with his brother; a
  guardsman; is greeted with cries of 〃The aristocrat! to the lamp
  post !〃 His brother is in a morning coat and slippers; and not
  wishing to get into trouble they do not reply。  A squad of the
  National Guard; passing by; repeats the cry; but they still remain
  silent。  The shout continues; and M。 de Bellud; after some time has
  elapsed; begs the captain to order his men to be quiet。  He refuses;
  and M。 de Bellud demands satisfaction outside the town。  At these
  words the National Guards rush at M。 de Bellud with fixed bayonets。
  His brother receives a saber…cut on the neck; while he; defending
  himself with his sword; slightly wounds the captain and one of the
  men。  The two brothers; alone against the whole body; fight on;
  retreating to their house; in which they are blockaded。  Towards
  seven o'clock in the evening; two or three hundred National Guards
  from Cahors arrive to reinforce the besiegers。  The house is taken;
  and the guardsman; escaping across the fields; sprains his ankle and
  is captured。  M。 de Bellud; who has found his way into another
  house; continues to defend himself there: the house is set on fire
  and burnt; together with two others alongside of it。  Taking refuge
  in a cellar he still k