a　trap；　and　that　there　was　a　desire　to　get　rid　of　them　by
  treachery。＇36＇　　Seized　with　rage　they　set　fire　to　the　chateau；　and
  during　the　following　week＇37＇　destroy　three　abbeys；　ruin　eleven
  chateaux　and　pillage　others。　　〃　All　records　are　destroyed；　the
  registers　and　court…rolls　are　carried　off；　and　the　deposits
  violated。〃　　Starting　from　this　spot；　〃the　hurricane　of
  insurrection〃　stretches　over　the　whole　of　Alsace　from　Huningue　to
  Landau。＇38＇　　The　insurgents　display　placards；　signed　Louis；　stating
  that　for　a　certain　lapse　of　time　they　shall　be　permitted　to　exercise
  justice　themselves；　and；　in　Sundgau；　a　well…dressed　weaver；
  decorated　with　a　blue　belt；　passes　for　a　prince；　the　King's　second
  son。　　They　begin　by　falling　on　the　Jews；　their　hereditary　leeches；
  they　sack　their　dwellings；　divide　their　money　among　themselves；　and
  hunt　them　down　like　so　many　fallow…deer。　　At　Bale　alone；　it　is　said
  that　twelve　hundred　of　these　unfortunate　fugitives　arrived　with
  their　families。　　　The　distance　between　the　Jew　creditor　and　the
  Christian　proprietor　is　not　great；　and　this　is　soon　cleared。
  Remiremont　is　only　saved　by　a　detachment　of　dragoons。　　Eight　hundred
  men　attack　the　chateau　of　Uberbrünn。　　The　abbey　of　Neubourg　is　taken
  by　storm。　　At　Guebwiller；　on　the　31st　of　July；　five　hundred
  peasants；　subjects　of　the　abbey　of　Murbach；　make　a　descent　on　the
  abbot's　palace　and　on　the　house　of　the　canons。　　Cupboards；　chests；
  beds；　windows；　mirrors；　frames；　even　the　tiles　of　the　roof　and　the
  hinges　of　the　casements　are　hacked　to　pieces：　〃They　kindle　fires　on
  the　beautiful　inlaid　floors　of　the　apartments；　and　there　burn　up　the
  library　and　the　title…deeds。〃　The　abbot's　superb　carriage　is　so
  broken　up　that　not　a　wheel　remains　entire。　　〃Wine　streams　through
  the　cellars。　　One　cask　of　sixteen　hundred　measures　is　half　lost；　the
  plate　and　the　linen　are　carried　off。〃　　　Society　is　evidently　being
  overthrown；　while　with　the　power；　property　is　changing　hands。
  These　are　their　very　words。　　In　Franche…Comte＇39＇　the　inhabitants　of
  eight　communes　come　and　declare　to　the　Bernardins　of　Grace…Dieu　and
  of　Lieu…Croissant　〃that；　being　of　the　Third…Estate；　it　is　time　now
  for　the　people　to　rule　over　abbots　and　monks；　considering　that　the
  domination　of　the　latter　has　lasted　too　long；〃　and　thereupon　they
  carry　off　all　the　titles　to　property　and　to　rentals　belonging　to　the
  abbey　in　their　commune。　　In　Upper　Dauphiny；　during　the　destruction
  of　M。　de　Murat's　chateau；　a　man　named　Ferréol　struck　the　furniture
  with　a　big　stick；　exclaiming；　〃Hey；　so　much　for　you；　Murat；　you　have
  been　master　a　good　while；　now　it's　our　turn！〃＇40＇　　Those　who　rifle
  houses；　and　steal　like　highway　robbers；　think　that　they　are
  defending　a　cause；　and　reply　to　the　challenge；　〃Who　goes　there？〃　〃We
  are　for　the　brigand　Third…Estate！〃　　Everywhere　the　belief　prevails
  that　they　are　clothed　with　authority；　and　they　conduct　themselves
  like　a　conquering　horde　under　the　orders　of　an　absent　general。　　At
  Remiremont　and　at　Luxeuil　they　produce　an　edict；　stating　that　〃all
  this　brigandage；　pillage；　and　destruction〃　is　permitted。　　In
  Dauphiny；　the　leaders　of　the　bands　say　that　they　possess　the　King's
  orders。　　In　Auvergne；　〃they　follow　imperative　orders；　being　advised
  that　such　is　his　Majesty's　will。〃　Nowhere　do　we　see　that　an
  insurgent　village　exercises　personal　vengeance　against　its　lord。　　If
  the　people　fire　on　the　nobles　they　encounter；　it　is　not　through
  personal　hatred。　　They　are　destroying　the　class；　and　do　not　pursue
  individuals。　　They　detest　feudal　privileges；　holders　of　charters；
  the　cursed　parchments　by　virtue　of　which　they　are　made　to　pay；　but
  not　the　nobleman　who；　when　he　resides　at　home；　is　of　humane
  intentions；　compassionate；　and　even　often　beneficent。　　At　Luxeuil；
  the　abbot；　who　is　forced　with　uplifted　ax　to　sign　a　relinquishment
  of　his　seignorial　rights　over　twenty…three　estates；　has　dwelt　among
  them　for　forty…six　years；　and　has　been　wholly　devoted　to　them。＇41＇
  In　the　canton　of　Crémieu；　〃where　the　havoc　is　immense；〃　all　the
  nobles；　write　the　municipal　officers；　are　〃patriots　and　benevolent。〃
  In　Dauphiny；　the　engineers；　magistrates；　and　prelates；　whose
  chateaux　are　sacked；　were　the　first　to　espouse　the　cause　of　the
  people　and　of　public　liberties　against　the　ministers。　　In　Auvergne；
  the　peasants　themselves　〃manifest　a　good　deal　of　repugnance　to　act
  in　this　way　against　such　kind　masters。〃　But　it　must　be　done；　the
  only　concession　which　can　be　made　in　consideration　of　the　kindness
  which　had　been　extended　to　them　is；　not　to　burn　the　chateau　of　the
  ladies　of　Vanes；　who　had　been　so　charitable；　but　they　burn　all　their
  title…deeds；　and　torture　the　business　agent　at　three　different　times
  by　fire；　to　force　him　to　deliver　a　document　which　he　does　not
  possess；　they　then　only　withdraw　him　from　the　fire　half…broiled；
  because　the　ladies；　on　their　knees；　implore　mercy　for　him。　　They　are
  like　the　soldiers　on　a　campaign　who　execute　orders　with　docility；
  for　which　necessity　is　the　only　plea；　and　who；　without　regarding
  themselves　as　brigands；　commit　acts　of　brigandage。
  But　here　the　situation　is　more　tragic；　for　it　is　war　in　the　midst　of
  peace；　a　war　of　the　brutal　and　barbaric　multitude　against　the　highly
  cultivated；　well…disposed　and　confiding；　who　had　not　anticipated
  anything　of　the　kind；　who　had　not　even　dreamt　of　defending
  themselves；　and　who　had　no　protection。　　The　Comte　de　Courtivron；
  with　his　family；　was　staying　at　the　watering…place　of　Luxeuil　with
  his　uncle；　the　Abbé　of　Clermont…Tonnerre；　an　old　man　of　seventy
  years。　　On　the　19th　of　July；　fifty　peasants　from　Fougerolle　break
  into　and　demolish　everything　in　the　houses　of　an　usher　and　a
  collector　of　the　excise。　　Thereupon　the　mayor　of　the　place　intimates
  to　the　nobles　and　magistrates　who　are　taking　the　waters；　that　they
  had　better　leave　the　house　in　twenty…four　hours；　as　〃he　had　been
  advised　of　an　intention　to　burn　the　houses　in　which　they　were
  staying；〃　and　he　did　not　wish　to　have　Luxeuil　exposed　to　this　danger
  on　account　of　their　presence　there。　　The　following　day；　the　guard；
  as　obliging　as　the　mayor；　allows　the　band　to　enter　the　town　and　to
  force　the　abbey：　the　usual　events　follow；　renunciations　are
  extorted；　records　and　cellars　are　ransacked；　plate　and　other　effects
  are　stolen。　　M。　de　Courtivron　escaping　with　his　uncle　during　the
  night；　the　alarm　bell　is　sounded　and　they　are　pursued；　and　with
  difficulty　obtain　refuge　in　Plombières。　　The　bourgeoisie　of
  Plombières；　however；　for　fear　of　compromising　themselves；　oblige
  them　to　depart。　　On　the　road　two　hundred　insurgents　threaten　to　kill
  their　horses　and　to　smash　their　carriage；　and　they　only　find　safety
  at　last　at　Porentruy；　outside　of　France。　　On　his　return；　M。　de
  Courtivron　is　shot　at　by　the　band　which　has　just　pillaged　the　abbey
  of　Lure；　and　they　shout　out　at　him　as　he　passes；　〃Let's　massacre　the
  nobles！〃　Meanwhile；　the　chateau　of　Vauvilliers；　to　which　his　sick
  wife　had　been　carried；　is　devastated　from　top　to　bottom；　the　mob
  search　for　her　everywhere；　and　she　only　escapes　by　hiding　herself　in
  a　hay…loft。　　Both　are　anxious　to　fly　into　Burgundy；　but　word　is　sent
  them　that　at　Dijon　〃the　nobles　are　blockaded　by　the　people；〃　and
  that；　in　the　country；　they　threaten　to　set　their　houses　on　fire。
  There　is　no　asylum　to　be　had；　either　in　their　own　homes　nor　in　the
  homes　of　others；　nor　in　places　along　the　roads；　fugitives　being
  stopped　in　all　the　small　villages　and　market…towns。　　In　Dauphiny＇42＇
  〃the　Abbess　of　St。　　Pierre　de　Lyon；　one　of　the　nuns；　M。　de　Perrotin；
  M。　de　Bellegarde；　the　Marquis　de　la　Tour…du…Pin；　and　the　Chevalier
  de　Moidieu；　are　arrested　at　Champier　by　the　armed　population；　led　to
  the　C？te　Saint…André；　confined　in　the　town…hall；　whence　they　send　to
  Grenoble　for　assistance；〃　and；　to　have　them　released；　the　Grenoble
  Committee　is　obliged　to　send　commissioners。　　Their　only　refuge　is　in
  the　large　cities；　where　some　semblance　of　a　precarious　order　exists；
  and　in　the　ranks　of　the　City　Guards；　which　march　from　Lyons；　Dijon；
  and　Grenoble；　to　keep　the　inundation　down。　　Throughout　the　country
  scattered　chateaux　are　swallowed　up　by　the　popular　tide；　and；　as　the
  feudal　rights　are　often　in　plebeian　hands；　it　insensibly　rises
  beyond　its　first　overflow。　　　There　is　no　limit　to　an　insurrection
  against　property。　　This　one　extends　from　abbeys　and　chateaux　to　the
  〃houses　of　the　bourgeoisie。〃＇43＇　　The　grudge　at　first　was　confined
  to　the　holders　of　charters；　now　it　is　extended　to　all　who　possess
  anything。　　Well…to…do　farmers　and　priests　abandon　their　parishes　and
  fly　to　the　towns。　　Travelers　are　put　to　ransom。　　Thieves；　robbers；
  and　returned　convicts；　at　the　head　of　armed　bands；　seize　whatever
  they　can　lay　their　hands　on。　　Cupidity　becomes　inflamed　by　such
  examples；　on　domains　which　are　deserted　and　in　a　state　of　confusion；
  where　there　is　nothing　to　indicate　a　master's　presence；　all　seems　to
  lapse　to　the　first　comer。　　A　small　farmer　of　the　neighbor