July　7th；　stays　there；　in　questionable　circumstances；　nine　days。
  〃Bohm　Leipa　is　still　not　above　thirty　miles　northeastward　of　the　King；　and　it　is　about　the　same　distance　southwestward　from　Zittau；　out　of　which　fine　Town；　partly　by　cross…roads；　the　Prince　gets　his　provisions　on　this　march。　From　Zittau　hitherward；　as　far　as　the　little　Town　of　Gabel；　which　lies　about　half　way；　there　is　broad　High　Road；　the　great　Southern　KAISER…STRASSE：　from　Gabel；　for　Bohm　Leipa；　you　have　to　cross　southwestward　by　country　roads；　the　keys　to　which；　especially　Gabel；　the　Prince　has　not　failed　to　secure　by　proper　garrison　parties。　And　so；　for　about　a　week；　not　quite　uncomfortably；　he　continues　at　Bohm　Leipa；　getting　in　his　convoys　from　Zittau。　Diligently　scanning　the　Pandour　stragglings　and　sputterings　round　him；　which　are　clearly　on　the　increasing　hand。　Diligently　corresponding　with　the　King；　meanwhile；　who　much　discourages　undue　apprehension；　or　retreat　movement　till　the　last　pinch。　'Edging　backward；　and　again　backward；　you　come　bounce　upon　Berlin　one　day；　and　will　then　have　to　halt！'which　is　not　pleasant　to　the　Prince。　But；　indisputably；　the　Pandour　spurts　on　him　do　become　Pandour　gushings；　with　regulars　also　noticeable：　it　is　certain　the　Austrians　are　out；pretending　first　to　mean　the　King　and　Leitmeritz；　but　knowing　better；　and　meaning　the　Prince　and　Bohm　Leipa　all　the　while。〃By　way　of　supplement；　take　Daun's　positions　in　the　interim：
  Daun　and　Karl　were　at　Podschernitz　26th　June；　1st　July；　cross　the　Elbe；　above　Brandeis　（Nadasti　now　within　an　hour's　march　of　Jung…　Bunzlau）；　7th　July　（day　while　the　Prince　is　flitting　to　Bohm　Leipa）；　Daun　is　through　Jung…Bunzlau　to　Munchengratz；　thence　to　Liebenau；　14th；　to　Niemes；　not　above　four　miles　from　the　Prince's　rightmost　outpost　（rightmost　or　eastmost；　which　looks　away　from　his　Brother）；　while　a　couple　of　advanced　parties；　Beck　and　Maguire；　hover　on　his　flank　Zittau…ward；　and　Nadasti　（if　he　knew　it）　is　pushing　on　to　rear。
  〃THURSDAY；　14th　JULY；　About　six　in　the　evening；　at　Bohm　Leipa；　distinct　cannon…thunder　is　heard　from　northeast：　'Evidently　Gabel　getting　cannonaded；　and　our　wagon　convoy　＇empty；　going　to　Zittau　for　meal；　General　Puttkammer　escorting＇　is　in　a　dangerous　state！'　And　by　and　by　hussar　parties　of　ours　come　in；　with　articulate　news　to　that　bad　effect：　'Gabel　under　hot　attack　of　regulars；　Puttkammer　with　his　3；000　vigorously　defending；　will　expect　to　be　relieved　within　not　many　hours！'　Here　has　the　crisis　come。　Crisis　sure　enough；and　the　Prince；　to　meet　it；　summons　that　refuge　of　the　irresolute；　a　Council　of　War。
  〃Winterfeld；　who　is　just　come　home　in　these　moments；　did　not　attend；not；　till　three　next　morning。　Winterfeld　had　gone　to　bed；　fairly　'tired　dead；'　with　long　marching　and　hurrying　about。　To　the　poor　Prince　there　are　three　courses　visible。　Course　FIRST；　That　of　joining　the　King　at　Leitmeritz。　Gabel；　Zittau　lost　in　that　case；　game　given　up；reception　likely　to　be　bad　at　Leitmeritz！　Course　SECOND；the　course　Friedrich　himself　would　at　once　have　gone　upon；　and　been　already　well　ahead　with；That　of　instantly　taking　measures　for　the　relief　of　Puttkammer。　Dispute　Gabel　to　the　last；　retreat；　on　loss　of　it；　Parthian…like；　to　Zittau；　by　that　broad　Highway；　short　and　broad；　whole　distance　hence　only　thirty　miles。　'Thirty　miles；'　say　the　multitude　of　Counsellors：　'Yes；　but　the　first　fifteen；　TO　Gabel；　is　cross…road；　hilly；　difficult；　they　have　us　in　flank！'　'We　are　25；000；'　urges　the　Prince；　'fifteen　miles　is　not　much！'　The　thing　had　its　difficulties：　the　Prince　himself；　it　appears；　faintly　thought　it　feasible：　'25；000　we；　20；000　they；　only　fifteen　miles；'　said　he。　But　the　variety　of　Counsellors：　'Cross…roads；　defiles；　flank…march；　dangerous；'　said　they。　And　so　the　third　course；　which　was　incomparably　the　worst；　found　favor　in　Council　of　War：　That　of　leaving　Gabel　and　Puttkammer　to　their　fate；　and　of　pushing　off　for　Zittau　leftwards　through　the　safe　Hills；　by　Kamnitz；　Kreywitz；　Rumburg；which；　if　the　reader　look；　is　by　a　circuitous；　nay　quite　parabolic　course；　twice　or　thrice　as　far：'In　that　manner　let　us　save　Zittau　and　our　Main　Body！'　said　the　Council　of　War。　Yes；　my　friends：　a　cannon…ball；　endeavoring　to　get　into　Zittau　from　the　town…ditch；　would　have　to　take　a　parabolic　course；and　the　cannon…　ball　would　be　speedy　upon　it；　and　not　have　Hill　roads　to　go　by！　This　notable　parabolic　circuit　of　narrow　steep　roads　may　have　its　difficulties　for　an　Army　and　its　baggages！〃　Enough；　the　poor　Prince　adopted　that　worst　third　course；　and　even　made　no　despatch　in　getting　into　it；　and　it　proved　ruinous　to　Zittau；　and　to　much　else；　his　own　life　partly　included。
  〃JULY　16th…22d。　Thursday　night；　or　Friday　3　A。M。；　that　third　and　incomparably　worst　course　was　adopted：　Gabel；　Puttkammer　with　his　wagons；　ensigns；　kettledrums；　all　this　has　to　surrender　in　a　day：　High　Road　to　Zittau；　for　the　Austrians；　is　a　smooth　march；　when　they　like　to　gather　fully　there；　and　start。　And　in　the　Hills；　with　their　jolts　and　precipitous　windings；　infested　too　by　Pandours；　the　poor　Prussian　Main　Body；　on　its　wide　parabolic　circuit；　has　a　time　of　it！　Loses　its　pontoons；　loses　most　of　its　baggage；　obliged　to　set　fire；　not　to　the　Pandours；　but　to　your　own　wagons；　and　necessaries　of　army　life；　encamps　on　bleak　heights；　no　food；　not　even　water；　road　quite　lost；　road　to　be　rediscovered　or　invented；　Pandours　sputtering　on　you　out　of　every　bush　and　hollow；　your　peasant　wagoners　cutting　traces　and　galloping　off：such　are　the　phenomena　of　that　march　by　circuit　leftward；　on　the　poor　Prince's　part。　March　began；　soon　after　midnight；　SATURDAY；　16th；　Schmettau　as　vanguard；　and〃
  And；　in　fine；　by　FRIDAY；　22d；　after　not　quite　a　week　of　it；　the　Prince；　curving　from　northward　（in　parabolic　course；　LESS　speedy　than　the　cannon…ball's　would　have　been）　into　sight　of　Zittau；　behold；　there　are　the　Austrians　far　and　wide　to　left　of　us；　encamped　impregnable　behind　the　Neisse　River　there！　They　have　got　the　Eckart's　Hill；　which　commands　Zittau：and　how　to　get　into　Zittau　and　our　magazines；　and　how　to　subsist　if　we　were　in？　The　poor　Prince　takes　post　on　what　Heights　there　are；　on　his　own　side　of　the　Neisse；　looks　wistfully　down　upon　Zittau；　asking　How？
  About　stroke　of　noon　the　Austrians；　from　their　Eckartsberg；　do　a　thing　which　was　much　talked　of。　They　open　battery　of　red…hot　balls　upon　Zittau；　kindle　the　roofs　of　it；　shingle…roofs　in　dry　July；　set　Zittau　all　on　blaze；　the　10；000　innocent　souls　shrieking　in　vain　to　Heaven　and　Earth；　and　before　sunset；　Zittau　is　ashes　and　red…hot　walls；　not　Zittau　but　a　cinder…heap；Prussian　Garrison　not　hurt；　nor　Magazine　as　yet；　Garrison　busy　with　buckets；　I　should　guess；　but　beginning　to　find　the　air　grow　very　hot。　On　the　morrow　morning；　Zittau　is　a　smouldering　cinder…heap；　hotter　and　hotter　to　the　Prussian　Garrison；　and　does　not　exist　as　a　City。
  One　of　the　most　inhuman　actions　ever　heard　of　in　War；　shrieks　universal　Germany；　asks　itself　what　could　have　set　a　chivalrous　Karl　upon　this　devil…like　procedure？　〃Protestants　these　poor　Zittauers　were；　shone　in　commerce；　no　such　weaving；　industrying；　in　all　Teutschland　elsewhere：　Hah！　An　eye…sorrow；　they；　with　their　commerce；　their　weavings　and　industryings；　to　Austrian　Papists；　who　cannot　weave　or　trade？〃　that　was　finally　the　guess　of　some　persons；wide　of　the　mark；　we　may　well　judge。　Prince　Xavier　of　Saxony；　present　in　the　Camp　too；　made　no　remonstrance；　said　others。　Alas；　my　friends；　what　could　Xavier　probably　avail；　the　foolish　fellow；　with　only　three　regiments？　Prince　Karl；　it　was　afterwards　evident；　could　have　got　Zittau　unburnt；　and　could　even　have　kept　the　Prussians　out　of　Zittau　altogether。　Zittau　surely　would　have　been　very　useful　to　Prince　Karl。　But　overnight　（let　us　try　to　fancy　it　so）；　not　knowing　the　Prussian　possibilities；　Prince　Karl；　screwed　to　the　devilish　point；　had　got　his　furnaces　lighted；　his　red…hot　balls　ready；　and　so；　hurried　on　by　his　Pride　and　by　his　other　Devils；　had；There　are　devilish　things　sometimes　done　in　War。　And　whole　cities　are　made　ashes　by　them。　For　certain；　here　is　　a　strange　way　of　commencing　your　〃Deliverance　of　Saxony〃！　And　Prince　Karl　carries；　truly；　a　brand…mark　from　this　conflagration；　and　will　till　all　memory　of　him　cease。　As　to　Zittau；　it　rebuilt　itself。　Zittau　is　alive　again；　a　strong　stone　city；　in　our　day。　On　its　new…built　Town…house　stands　again　〃BENE　FACERE　ET　MALE　AUDIRE　REGIUM　EST；　To　do　well；　and　be　ill　spoken　of；　is　the　part　of　kings〃　＇A　saying　of　Alexander　the　Great's　（Plutarch；　in　ALEXANDRE）。＇　（amazingly　true　of　them；when　they　are　not　shams）。　What　times　for　Herrnhuth；　preparing　for　its　Christian　Sabbath；　under　these　omens　near　by！
  The　Prince　of　Prussia　tells　us；　he　〃early　next　morning　（Saturday；　23d　July）　had　his　tents　pitched；〃　which　was　but　an　unavailing　procedure；　with　poor　Zittau　gone　such　a　road。　〃Bring　us　bread　out　of　that　ruined　Zittau；〃　ordered　the　Prince：　his　Detachment　returns　ineffectual；　〃So　hot；　we　cannot　march　in。〃　And　the　Garrison　Colonel　（one　Dierecke　and　five　battalions　are　garrison）　sends　out　word：　〃So　hot；　we　cannot　stand　it。〃　〃Stand　it　yet　a　very　little；　and！〃　answers　the　Prince：　but　Dierecke　and　battalions　cannot；　or　at　least　cannot　long　enough；　and　set　to　marching　out。　In　firm　order；　I　have　no　doubt；　and