第 42 节
作者:不受约束      更新:2024-05-25 15:05      字数:9321
  eft behind him a daughter; whose name was Jotape: and these; as I have formerly said; were the children of Aristobulus the son of Herod; which Aristobulus and Alexander were born to Herod by Mariamne; and were slain by him。 But as for Alexander's posterity; they reigned in Armenia。
  CHAPTER 12。
  Many Tumults Under Cumanus; Which Were Composed By Quadratus。 Felix Is Procurator Of Judea。 Agrippa Is Advanced From Chalcis To A Greater Kingdom。
  1 Now after the death of Herod; king of Chalcis; Claudius set Agrippa; the son of Agrippa; over his uncle's kingdom; while Cumanus took upon him the office of procurator of the rest; which was a Roman province; and therein he succeeded Alexander; under which Cureanus began the troubles; and the Jews' ruin came on; for when the multitude were come together to Jerusalem; to the feast of unleavened bread; and a Roman cohort stood over the cloisters of the temple; (for they always were armed; and kept guard at the festivals; to prevent any innovation which the multitude thus gathered together might make;) one of the soldiers pulled back his garment; and cowering down after an indecent manner; turned his breech to the Jews; and spake such words as you might expect upon such a posture。 At this the whole multitude had indignation; and made a clamor to Cumanus; that he would punish the soldier; while the rasher part of the youth; and such as were naturally the most tumultuous; fell to fighting; and caught up stones; and threw them at the soldiers。 Upon which Cumanus was afraid lest all the people should make an assault upon him; and sent to call for more armed men; who; when they came in great numbers into the cloisters; the Jews were in a very great consternation; and being beaten out of the temple; they ran into the city; and the violence with which they crowded to get out was so great; that they trod upon each other; and squeezed one another; till ten thousand of them were killed; insomuch that this feast became the cause of mourning to the whole nation; and every family lamented their own relations。
  2。 Now there followed after this another calamity; which arose from a tumult made by robbers; for at the public road at Beth…boron; one Stephen; a servant of Caesar; carried some furniture; which the robbers fell upon and seized。 Upon this Cureanus sent men to go round about to the neighboring villages; and to bring their inhabitants to him bound; as laying it to their charge that they had not pursued after the thieves; and caught them。 Now here it was that a certain soldier; finding the sacred book of the law; tore it to pieces; and threw it into the fire。 (14) Hereupon the Jews were in great disorder; as if their whole country were in a flame; and assembled themselves so many of them by their zeal for their religion; as by an engine; and ran together with united clamor to Cesarea; to Cumanus; and made supplication to him that he would not overlook this man; who had offered such an affront to God; and to his law; but punish him for what he had done。 Accordingly; he; perceiving that the multitude would not be quiet unless they had a comfortable answer from him; gave order that the soldier should be brought; and drawn through those that required to have him punished; to execution; which being done; the Jews went their ways。
  3。 After this there happened a fight between the Galileans and the Samaritans; it happened at a village called Geman; which is situate in the great plain of Samaria; where; as a great number of Jews were going up to Jerusalem to the feast 'of tabernacles;' a certain Galilean was slain; and besides; a vast number of people ran together out of Galilee; in order to fight with the Samaritans。 But the principal men among them came to Cumanus; and besought him that; before the evil became incurable; he would come into Galilee; and bring the authors of this murder to punishment; for that there was no other way to make the multitude separate without coming to blows。 However; Cumanus postponed their supplications to the other affairs he was then about; and sent the petitioners away without success。
  4。 But when the affair of this murder came to be told at Jerusalem; it put the multitude into disorder; and they left the feast; and without any generals to conduct them; they marched with great violence to Samaria; nor would they be ruled by any of the magistrates that were set over them; but they were managed by one Eleazar; the son of Dineus; and by Alexander; in these their thievish and seditious attempts。 These men fell upon those that were ill the neighborhood of the Acrabatene toparchy; and slew them; without sparing any age; and set the villages on fire。  5。 But Cumanus took one troop of horsemen; called the troop of Sebaste; out of Cesarea; and came to the assistance of those that were spoiled; he also seized upon a great number of those that followed Eleazar; and slew more of them。 And as for the rest of the multitude of those that went so zealously to fight with the Samaritans; the rulers of Jerusalem ran out clothed with sackcloth; and having ashes on their head; and begged of them to go their ways; lest by their attempt to revenge themselves upon the Samaritans they should provoke the Romans to come against Jerusalem; to have compassion upon their country and temple; their children and their wives; and not bring the utmost dangers of destruction upon them; in order to avenge themselves upon one Galilean only。 The Jews complied with these persuasions of theirs; and dispersed themselves; but still there were a great number who betook themselves to robbing; in hopes of impunity; and rapines and insurrections of the bolder sort happened over the whole country。 And the men of power among the Samaritans came to Tyre; to Ummidius Quadratus; (15) the president of Syria; and desired that they that had laid waste the country might be punished: the great men also of the Jews; and Jonathan the son of Ananus the high priest; came thither; and said that the Samaritans were the beginners of the disturbance; on account of that murder they had committed; and that Cumanus had given occasion to what had happened; by his unwillingness to punish the original authors of that murder。
  6。 But Quadratus put both parties off for that time; and told them; that when he should come to those places; he would make a diligent inquiry after every circumstance。 After which he went to Cesarea; and crucified all those whom Cumanus had taken alive; and when from thence he was come to the city Lydda; he heard the affair of the Samaritans; and sent for eighteen of the Jews; whom he had learned to have been concerned in that fight; and beheaded them; but he sent two others of those that were of the greatest power among them; and both Jonathan and Ananias; the high priests; as also Artanus the son of this Ananias; and certain others that were eminent among the Jews; to Caesar; as he did in like manner by the most illustrious of the Samaritans。 He also ordered that Cureanus 'the procurator' and Celer the tribune should sail to Rome; in order to give an account of what had been done to Caesar。 When he had finished these matters; he went up from Lydda to Jerusalem; and finding the multitude celebrating their feast of unleavened bread without any tumult; he returned to Antioch。
  7。 Now when Caesar at Rome had heard what Cumanus and the Samaritans had to say; (where it was done in the hearing of Agrippa; who zealously espoused the cause of the Jews; as in like manner many of the great men stood by Cumanus;) he condemned the Samaritans; and commanded that three of the most powerful men among them should be put to death; he banished Cumanus; and sent Color bound to Jerusalem; to be delivered over to the Jews to be tormented; that he should be drawn round the city; and then beheaded。
  8。 After this Caesar sent Felix; (16) the brother of Pallas; to be procurator of Galilee; and Samaria; and Perea; and removed Agrippa from Chalcis unto a greater kingdom; for he gave him the tetrarchy which had belonged to Philip; which contained Batanae; Trachonitis; and Gaulonitis: he added to it the kingdom of Lysanias; and that province 'Abilene' which Varus had governed。 But Claudius himself; when he had administered the government thirteen years; eight months; and twenty days; died; and left Nero to be his successor in the empire; whom he had adopted by his Wife Agrippina's delusions; in order to be his successor; although he had a son of his own; whose name was Britannicus; by Messalina his former wife; and a daughter whose name was Octavia; whom he had married to Nero; he had also another daughter by Petina; whose name was Antonia。
  CHAPTER 13。
  Nero Adds Four Cities To Agrippas Kingdom; But The Other Parts Of Judea Were Under Felix。 The Disturbances Which Were Raised By The Sicarii The Magicians And An Egyptian False Prophet。 The Jews And Syrians Have A Contest At Cesarea。
  1。 Now as to the many things in which Nero acted like a madman; out of the extravagant degree of the felicity and riches which he enjoyed; and by that means used his good fortune to the injury of others; and after what manner he slew his brother; and wife; and mother; from whom his barbarity spread itself to others that were most nearly related to him; and