第 2 节
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九十八度 更新:2024-05-22 14:00 字数:9321
names; 〃Canst not thou;〃 said he; 〃O Titus; or thou; Tiberius; make
any defence against the indictment?〃 The question being thrice
proposed; and no reply made; he turned himself to the lictors and
cried; 〃What remains is your duty。〃 They immediately seized the
youths; and; stripping them of their clothes; bound their hands behind
them and scourged their bodies with their rods; too tragical a scene
for others to look at; Brutus; however; is said not to have turned
aside his face; nor allowed the least glance of pity to soften and
smooth his aspect of rigour and austerity; but sternly watched his
children suffer; even till the lictors; extending them on the
ground; cut off their heads with an axe; then departed; committing the
rest to the judgment of his colleague。 An action truly open alike to
the highest commendation and the strongest censure; for either the
greatness of his virtue raised him above the impressions of sorrow; or
the extravagance of his misery took away all sense of it; but
neither seemed common; or the result of humanity; but either divine or
brutish。 Yet it is more reasonable that our judgment should yield to
his reputation; than that his merit should suffer detraction by the
weakness of our judgment; in the Roman's opinion; Brutus did a greater
work in the establishment of the government than Romulus in the
foundation of the city。
Upon Brutus's departure out of the forum; consternation; horror; and
silence for some time possessed all that reflected on what was done;
the easiness and tardiness; however; of Collatinus gave confidence
to the Aquillii to request some time to answer their charge; and
that Vindicius; their servant; should be remitted into their hands;
and no longer harboured amongst their accusers。 The consul seemed
inclined to their proposal; and was proceeding to dissolve the
assembly; but Valerius would not suffer Vindicius; who was
surrounded by his people; to be surrendered; nor the meeting to
withdraw without punishing the traitors; and at length laid violent
hands upon the Aquillii; and; calling Brutus to his assistance;
exclaimed against the unreasonable course of Collatinus; to impose
upon his colleague the necessity of taking away the lives of his own
sons; and yet have thoughts of gratifying some women with the lives of
traitors and public enemies。 Collatinus; displeased at this; and
commanding Vindicius to be taken away; the lictors made their way
through the crowd and seized their man; and struck all who endeavoured
a rescue。 Valerius's friends headed the resistance; and the people
cried out for Brutus; who; returning; on silence being made; told them
he had been competent to pass sentence by himself upon his own sons;
but left the rest to the suffrages of the free citizens: 〃Let every
man speak that wishes; and persuade whom he can。〃 But there was no
need of oratory; for; it being referred to the vote; they were
returned condemned by all the suffrages; and were accordingly
beheaded。
Collatinus's relationship to the kings had; indeed; already rendered
him suspicious; and his second name; too; had made him obnoxious to
the people; who were loth to hear the very sound of Tarquin; but after
this had happened; perceiving himself an offence to every one; he
relinquished his charge and departed from the city。 At the new
elections in his room; Valerius obtained; with high honour; the
consulship; as a just reward of his zeal; of which he thought
Vindicius deserved a share; whom he made; first of all freedmen; a
citizen of Rome; and gave him the privilege of voting in what tribe
soever he was pleased to be enrolled; other freedmen received the
right of suffrage a long time after from Appius; who thus courted
popularity; and from this Vindicius; a perfect manumission is called
to this day vindicta。 This done; the goods of the kings were exposed
to plunder; and the palace to ruin。
The pleasantest part of the field of Mars; which Tarquin had
owned; was devoted to the service of that god; but; it happening to be
harvest season; and the sheaves yet being on the ground; they
thought it not proper to commit them to the flail; or unsanctify
them with any use; and; therefore; carrying them to the river…side;
and trees withal that were cut down; they cast all into the water;
dedicating the soil; free from all occupation; to the deity。 Now;
these thrown in; one upon another; and closing together; the stream
did not bear them far; but where the first were carried down and
came to a bottom; the remainder; finding no farther conveyance; were
stopped and interwoven one with another; the stream working the mass
into a firmness; and washing down fresh mud。 This; settling there;
became an accession of matter; as well as cement; to the rubbish;
insomuch that the violence of the waters could not remove it; but
forced and compressed it all together。 Thus its bulk and solidity
gained it new subsidies; which gave it extension enough to stop on its
way most of what the stream brought down。 This is now a sacred island;
lying by the city; adorned with the temples of the gods; and walks;
and is called in the Latin tongue inter duos pontes。 Though some say
this did not happen at the dedication of Tarquin's field; but in
aftertimes; when Tarquinia; a vestal priestess; gave an adjacent field
to the public; and obtained great honours in consequence; as;
amongst the rest; that of all women her testimony alone should be
received; she had also the liberty to marry; but refused it; thus some
tell the story。
Tarquin; despairing of a return to his kingdom by the conspiracy;
found a kind reception amongst the Tuscans; who; with a great army;
proceeded to restore him。 The consuls headed the Romans against
them; and made their rendezvous in certain holy places; the one called
the Arsian grove; the other the Aesuvian meadow。 When they came into
action; Aruns; the son of Tarquin; and Brutus; the Roman consul; not
accidentally encountering each other; but out of hatred and rage;
the one to avenge tyranny and enmity to his country; the other his
banishment; set spurs to their horses; and; engaging with more fury
than forethought; disregarding their own security; fell together in
the combat。 This dreadful onset hardly was followed by a more
favourable end; both armies; doing and receiving equal damage; were
separated by a storm。 Valerius was much concerned; not knowing what
the result of the day was; and seeing his men as well dismayed at
the sight of their own dead; as rejoiced at the loss of the enemy;
so apparently equal in the number was the slaughter on either side。
Each party; however; felt surer of defeat from the actual sight of
their own dead; than they could feel of victory from conjecture
about those of their adversaries。 The night being come (and such as
one may presume must follow such a battle); and the armies laid to
rest; they say that the grove shook; and uttered a voice; saying
that the Tuscans had lost one man more than the Romans; clearly a
divine announcement; and the Romans at once received it with shouts
and expressions of joy; whilst the Tuscans; through fear and
amazement; deserted their tents; and were for the most part dispersed。
The Romans; falling upon the remainder; amounting to nearly five
thousand; took them prisoners; and plundered the camp; when they
numbered the dead; they found on the Tuscans' side eleven thousand and
three hundred; exceeding their own loss but by one man。 This fight
happened upon the last of February; and Valerius triumphed in honour
of it; being the first consul that drove in with a four…horse chariot;
which sight both appeared magnificent; and was received with an
admiration free from envy or offence (as some suggest) on the part
of the spectators; it would not otherwise have been continued with
so much eagerness and emulation through all the after ages。 The people
applauded likewise the honours he did to his colleague; in adding to
his obsequies a funeral oration: which was so much liked by the
Romans; and found so good a reception; that it became customary for
the best men to celebrate the funerals of great citizens with speeches
in their commendation; and their antiquity in Rome is affirmed to be
greater than in Greece; unless; with the orator Anaximenes; we make
Solon the first author。
Yet some part of Valerius's behaviour did give offence and disgust
to the people; because Brutus; whom they esteemed the father of
their liberty; had not presumed to rule without a colleague; but
united one and then another to him in his commission; while
Valerius; they said; centering all authority in himself; seemed not in
any sense a successor to Brutus in the consulship; but to Tarquin in
the tyranny; he might make verbal harangues to Brutus's memory; yet
when he was attended with all the rods and axes; proceeding down
from a house than which the king's house that he had demolished had
not been statelier; those actions showed him an imitator of Tarquin。
For; indeed; his dwelling…house on the Velia was somewhat imposing
in appearance; hanging over the forum; and overlooking all
transactions there; the access to it was hard; and to see him far
off coming down;