第 7 节
作者:
一米八 更新:2024-05-15 20:30 字数:9322
and this one thing was the beginning of open quarrel betwixt them;
in all other respects they were very careful of their conduct; and
administered affairs together with great unanimity。 The relations of
the slain; being debarred of lawful satisfaction by reason of
Tatius; fell upon him as he was sacrificing with Romulus at Lavinium
and slew him; but escorted Romulus home; commending and extolling
him for a just prince。 Romulus took the body of Tatius; and buried
it very splendidly in the Aventine Mount; near the place called
Armilustrium; but altogether neglected revenging his murder。 Some
authors write; that the city of Laurentum; fearing the consequences;
delivered up the murderers of Tatius; but Romulus dismissed them;
saying one murder was requited with another。 This gave occasion of
talk and jealousy; as if he were well pleased at the removal of his
co…partner in the government。 Nothing of these things; however; raised
any sort of feud or disturbance among the Sabines; but some out of
love to him; others out of fear of his power; some again reverencing
him as a god; they all continued living peacefully in admiration and
awe of him; many foreign nations; too; showed respect to Romulus;
the Ancient Latins sent and entered into league and confederacy with
him。 Fidenae he took; a neighbouring city to Rome; by a party of
horse; as some say; whom he sent before with commands to cut down
the hinges of the gates; himself afterwards unexpectedly coming up。
Others say; they having first made the invasion; plundering and
ravaging the country and suburbs; Romulus lay in ambush for them;
and having killed many of their men; took the city; but; nevertheless;
did not raze or demolish it; but made it a Roman colony; and sent
thither; on the Ides of April; two thousand five hundred inhabitants。
Soon after a plague broke out; causing sudden death without any
previous sickness; it infected also the corn with unfruitfulness;
and cattle with barrenness; there rained blood; too; in the city; so
that; to their actual sufferings; fear of the wrath of the gods was
added。 But when the same mischiefs fell upon Laurentum; then everybody
judged it was divine vengeance that fell upon both cities; for the
neglect of executing justice upon the murder of Tatius and the
ambassadors。 But the murderers or; both sides being delivered up and
punished; the pestilence visibly abated; and Romulus purified the
cities with lustrations; which; they say; even now; are performed at
the wood called Ferentina。 But before the plague ceased; the
Camertines invaded the Romans and overran the country; thinking
them; by reason of the distemper; unable to resist; but Romulus at
once made head against them; and gained the victory; with the
slaughter of six thousand men; then took their city; and brought
half of those be found there to Rome; sending from Rome to Camerium
double the number he left there。 This was done on the first of August。
So many citizens had he to spare; in sixteen years' time from his
first founding Rome。 Among other spoils he took a brazen four…horse
chariot from Camerium; which he placed in the temple of Vulcan;
setting on it his own statue; with a figure of victory crowning him。
The Roman cause thus daily gathering strength; their weaker
neighbours shrunk away; and were thankful to be left untouched; but
the stronger; out of fear or envy; thought they ought not to give
way to Romulus but to curb and put a stop to his growing greatness。
The first were the Veientes; a people of Tuscany; who had large
possessions; and dwelt in a spacious city; they took occasion to
commence a war; by claiming Fidenae as belonging to them; a thing
not only very unreasonable; but very ridiculous; that they; who did
not assist them in the greatest extremities; but permitted them to
be slain; should challenge their lands and houses when in the hands of
others。 But being scornfully retorted upon by Romulus in his
answers; they divided themselves into two bodies; with one they
attacked the garrison of Fidenae; the other marched against Romulus;
that which went against Fidenae got the victory; and slew two thousand
Romans; the other was worsted by Romulus; with the loss of eight
thousand men。 A fresh battle was fought near Fidenae; and here all men
acknowledge the day's success to have been chiefly the work of Romulus
himself; who showed the highest skill as well as courage; and seemed
to manifest a strength and swiftness more than human。 But what some
write; that of fourteen thousand that fell that day; above half were
slain by Romulus's own hand; verges too near to fable; and is; indeed;
simply incredible; since even the Messenians are thought to go too far
in saying that Aristomenes three times offered sacrifice for the death
of a hundred enemies; Lacedaemonians; slain by himself。 The army being
thus routed; Romulus; suffering those that were left to make their
escape; led his forces against the city; they; having suffered such
great losses; did not venture to oppose; but; humbly suing to him;
made a league and friendship for an hundred years; surrendering also a
large district of land called Septempagium; that is; the seven
parts; as also their salt…works upon the river; and fifty noblemen for
hostages。 He made his triumph for this on the Ides of October;
leading; among the rest of his many captives; the general of the
Veientes; an elderly man; but who had not; it seemed; acted with the
prudence of age; whence even now; in sacrifices for victories; they
lead an old man through the marketplace to the Capitol; apparelled
in purple; with a bulla; or child's toy; tied to it; and the crier
cries; Sardians to be sold; for the Tuscans are said to be a colony of
the Sardians; and the Veientes are a city of Tuscany。
This was the last battle Romulus ever fought; afterwards he; as
most; nay all men; very few excepted; do; who are raised by great
and miraculous good…haps of fortune to power and greatness; so; I say;
did he; relying upon his own great actions; and growing of an
haughtier mind; he forsook his popular behaviour for kingly arrogance;
odious to the people; to whom in particular the state which he assumed
was hateful。 For he dressed in scarlet; with the purple…bordered
robe over it; he gave audience on a couch of state; having always
about him some young men called Celeres; from their swiftness in doing
commissions; there went before him others with staves; to make room;
with leather thongs tied on their bodies; to bind on the moment
whoever he commanded。 The Latins formerly used ligare in the same
sense as now alligare; to bind; whence the name lictors; for these
officers; and bacula; or staves; for their rods; because staves were
then used。 It is probable; however; they were first called litores;
afterwards; by putting in a c; lictores; or; in Greek; liturgi; or
people's officers; for leitos is still Greek for the commons; and laos
for the people in general。
But when; after the death of his grandfather Numitor in Alba; the
throne devolving upon Romulus; he; to court the people; put the
government into their own hands; and appointed an annual magistrate
over the Albans; this taught the great men of Rome to seek after a
free and anti…monarchical state; wherein all might in turn be subjects
and rulers。 For neither were the patricians any longer admitted to
state affairs; only had the name and title left them; convening in
council rather for fashion's sake than advice; where they heard in
silence the king's commands; and so departed; exceeding the commonalty
only in hearing first what was done。 These and the like were matters
of small moment; but when he of his own accord parted among his
soldiers what lands were acquired by war; and restored the Veientes
their hostages; the senate neither consenting nor approving of it;
then; indeed; he seemed to put a great affront upon them; so that;
on his sudden and strange disappearance a short while after; the
senate fell under suspicion and calumny。 He disappeared on the Nones
of July; as they now call the month which was then Quintilis;
leaving nothing of certainty to be related of his death; only the
time; as just mentioned; for on that day many ceremonies are sill
performed in representation of what happened。 Neither is this
uncertainty to be thought strange; seeing the manner of the death of
Scipio Africanus; who died at his own home after supper; has been
found capable neither of proof or disproof; for some say he died a
natural death; being of a sickly habit; others that he poisoned
himself; others again; that his enemies; breaking in upon him in the
night stifled him。 Yet Scipio's dead body lay open to be seen of
all; and any one; from his own observation; might form his
suspicions and conjectures; whereas Romulus; when he vanished; left
neither the least part of his body; nor any remnant of his clothes
to be seen。 So that some fancied the senators; having fallen upon
him in the temple of Vulcan; cut his body into pieces; and took each a
part away in his bosom; others think his disappearance was neither
in the temple of Vulcan; nor with the senators only by; but that it
came to pass that; as he was h