of　his　words　made　even　the　porters　in　the　Covent　Garden　belt　him
  from　the　balcony　when　he　ventured　to　address　them。〃
  ＇23＇
  Laud：　Archbishop　of　Canterbury。　　Laud　was　born　in　1573；　and
  beheaded　at　London　in　1645。　　He　was　throughout　the　reign　of　Charles
  I　a　staunch　supporter　of　the　King。　　He　was　impeached　by　the　Long
  Parliament　in　1640　and　executed　on　Tower　Hill；　in　1645。
  ＇24＇
  selenography：　the　scientific　study　of　the　moon　with　special
  reference　to　its　physical　condition。
  ＇25＇
  Torricellian　experiment：　a　reference　to　the　discovery　of　the
  principle　of　the　barometer　by　the　Italian；　Torricelli；　in　1643。
  ＇26＇
  Sir　Francis　Bacon　（1561…1626）：　Bacon　endeavored　to　teach　that
  civilization　cannot　be　brought　to　a　high　point　except　as　man
  applies　himself　to　the　study　of　the　secrets　of　nature；　and　uses
  these　discoveries　for　inventions　which　will　give　him　power　over　his
  environment。　　The　chief　value　of　the　work　was　that　it　called
  attention　to　the　uses　of　induction　and　to　the　experimental　study　of
  facts。　　See　Roger's　A　Student's　History　of　Philosophy；　page　243。
  ＇27＇
  The　learned　Dr。　Wallis　（1616…1703）：　Dr。　Wallis　is　regarded　as　the
  greatest　of　Newton's　predecessors　in　mathematical　history。　　His
  works　are　numerous　and　are　on　a　great　variety　of　subjects。　　He　was
  one　of　the　first　members　of　the　Royal　Society。
  ＇28＇
  〃New　Philosophy〃：　Bacon's　ideas　on　science　and　philosophy　as　set
  forth　in　his　works。
  ＇29＇
  Royal　Society：　see　note；　page　11。
  ＇30＇
  Newton；　Sir　Isaac　（1642…1721）：　a　distinguished　natural　philosopher
  of　England。　　Newton　was　elected　a　member　of　the　Royal　Society　in
  1672。　　His　most　important　scientific　accomplishment　was　the
  establishing　of　the　law　of　universal　gravitation。　　The　story　of　the
  fall　of　the　apple　was　first　related　by　Voltaire　to　whom　it　was
  given　by　Newton's　niece。
  ＇31＇
  〃Philosophical　Transactions〃：　the　publications　of　the　Royal
  Society。
  ＇32＇
  Galileo　（1564…1642）：　a　famous　Italian　astronomer。　　His　most　noted
  work　was　the　construction　of　the　thermometer　and　a　telescope。　　He
  discovered　the　satellites　of　Jupiter　in　1610。　　In　1610；　also；　he
  observed　the　sun's　spots。　　His　views　were　condemned　by　the　Pope　in
  1616　and　in　1633　he　was　forced　by　the　Inquisition　to　abjure　the
  Copernican　theory。
  ＇33＇
  Vesalius　（1514…1564）：　a　noted　Belgian　anatomist。
  ＇34＇
  Harvey　（1578…1657）：　an　English　physiologist　and　anatomist。　　He　is
  noted　especially　for　his　discovery　of　the　circulation　of　the　blood。
  ＇35＇
  Subtle　speculations：　Selby　gives　examples　from　questions　discussed
  by　Thomas　Aquinas。　　Whether　all　angels　belong　to　the　same　genus；
  whether　demons　are　evil　by　nature；　or　by　will；　whether　they　can
  change　one　substance　into　another；　。　。　。　whether　an　angel　can　move
  from　one　point　to　another　without　passing　through　intermediate
  space。
  ＇36＇
  Schoolmen：　a　term　used　to　designate　the　followers　of　scholasticism；
  a　philosophy　of　dogmatic　religion　which　assumed　a　certain　subject…
  matter　as　absolute　and　unquestionable。　　The　duty　of　the　Schoolman
  was　to　explain　church　doctrine；　these　explanations　were
  characterized　by　fine　distinctions　and　by　an　absence　of　real
  content。　　See　Roger's　A　Student's　History　of　Philosophy；　also
  Baldwin's　Dictionary　of　Philosophy　and　Psychology。
  ＇37＇
  〃writ　in　water〃：　an　allusion　to　Keats'　request　that　the　words　〃Here
  lies　one　whose　name　was　writ　in　water〃　be　his　epitaph。　　The　words
  are　inscribed　on　his　tomb　in　the　Protestant　Cemetery　at　Rome。
  ＇38＇
  Lord　Brouncker：　The　first　president　of　the　Royal　Society　after　its
  incorporation　in　1662　was　Lord　Brouneker。
  ＇39＇
  revenant：　ghost。
  ＇40＇
  Boyle：　Robert　Boyle　（1627…1691）：　a　British　chemist　and　natural
  philosopher　who　was　noted　especially　for　his　discovery　of　Boyle's
  law　of　the　elasticity　of　air。
  ＇41＇
  Evelyn　（1620…1706）：　an　English　author　and　member　of　the　Royal
  Society。　　His　most　important　work　is　the　Diary；　valuable　for　the
  full　account　which　it　gives　of　the　manners　and　customs　of　the　time。
  ＇42＇
  The　Restoration：　In　English　history　the　re…establishing　of　the
  English　monarchy　with　the　return　of　King　Charles　II　in　1660；　by
  extension　the　whole　reign　of　Charles　II：　as；　the　dramatists　of　the
  Restoration。　　Century　Dictionary。
  ＇43＇
  Aladdin's　lamps：　a　reference　to　the　story　of　the　Wonderful　Lamp　in
  the　Arabian　Nights。　　The　magic　lamp　brought　marvelous　good　fortune
  to　the　poor　widow's　son　who　possessed　it。　　Cf。　also　Lowell's
  Aladdin：
  When　I　was　a　beggarly　boy；
  And　lived　in　a　cellar　damp；
  I　had　not　a　friend　or　a　toy；
  But　I　had　Aladdin's　lamp；
  When　I　could　not　sleep　for　the　cold；
  I　had　fire　enough　in　my　brain；
  And　builded；　with　roofs　of　gold；
  My　beautiful　castles　in　Spain！
  ＇44＇
  〃When　in　heaven　the　stars〃：　from　Tennyson's　Specimens　of　a
  Translation　of　the　Iliad　in　Blank　Verse。
  ＇45＇
  〃increasing　God's　honour　and　bettering　man's　estate〃：　Bacon's
  statement　of　his　purpose　in　writing　the　Advancement　of　Learning。
  ＇46＇
  For　example；　etc。：　could　the　sentence　beginning　thus　be　written　in
  better　form？
  ＇47＇
  Rumford　（1738…1814）：　Benjamin　Thompson；　Count　Rumford；　an　eminent
  scientist。　　Rumford　was　born　in　America　and　educated　at　Harvard。
  Suspected　of　loyalty　to　the　King　at　the　time　of　the　revolution；　he
  was　imprisoned。　　Acquitted；　he　went　to　England　where　he　became
  prominent　in　politics　and　science。　　Invested　with　the　title　of
  Count　by　the　Holy　Roman　Empire；　he　chose　Rumford　for　his　title
  after　the　name　of　the　little　New　Hampshire　town　where　he　had
  taught。　　He　gave　a　large　sum　of　money　to　Harvard　College　to　found
  the　Rumford　professorship　of　science。
  ＇48＇
  eccentric：　out　of　the　centre。
  A　LIBERAL　EDUCATION　（1868）
  ＇49＇
  A　Liberal　Education：　from　Science　and　Education；　also　published　in
  Lay　Sermons；　Addresses　and　Reviews。
  ＇50＇
  Ichabod：　cf。　1　Sam。　iv；　21。
  ＇51＇
  senior　wranglership：　in　Cambridge　University；　England；　one　who　has
  attained　the　first　class　in　the　elementary　division　of　the　public
  examination　for　honors　in　pure　and　mixed　mathematics；　commonly
  called　the　mathematical　tripos；　those　who　compose　the　second　rank
  of　honors　being　designated　senior　optimes；　and　those　of　the　third
  order　junior　optimes。　　The　student　taking　absolutely　the　first
  place　in　the　mathematical　tripos　used　to　be　called　senior　wrangler；
  those　following　next　in　the　same　division　being　respectively　termed
  second；　third；　fourth；　etc。；　wranglers。　　Century　Dictionary。
  ＇52＇
  double…first：　any　candidate　for　the　degree　of　Bachelor　of　Arts　in
  Oxford　University　who　takes　first…class　honors　in　both　classics　and
  mathematics　is　said　to　have　won　a　double…first。
  ＇53＇
  Retzsch　（1779…1857）：　a　well…known　German　painter　and　engraver。
  ＇54＇
  Test…Act：　an　English　statute　of　1673。　　It　compelled　all　persons
  holding　office　under　the　crown　to　take　the　oaths　of　supremacy　and
  of　allegiance；　to　receive　the　sacrament　according　to　the　usage　of
  the　Church　of　England；　and　to　subscribe　to　the　Declaration　against
  Transubstantiation。
  ＇55＇
  Poll：　an　abbreviation　and　transliteration　of　＇Greek　words＇；　〃the
  mob〃；　university　slang　for　the　whole　body　of　students　taking　merely
  the　degree　of　Bachelor　of　Arts；　at　Cambridge。
  ＇56＇
  pluck：　the　rejection　of　a　student；　after　examinations；　who　does　not
  come　up　to　the　standard。
  ON　A　PIECE　OF　CHALK
  ＇57＇
  On　a　Piece　of　Chalk：　a　lecture　to　working…men　from　Lay　Sermons；
  Addresses　and　Reviews。
  ＇58＇
  Needles　of　the　Isle　of　Wight：　the　needles　are　three　white；　pointed
  rocks　of　chalk；　resting　on　dark…colored　bases；　and　rising　abruptly
  from　the　sea　to　a　height　of　100　feet。　　Baedeker's　Great　Britain。
  ＇59＇
  Lulworth　in　Dorset；　to　Flamborough　Head：　Lulworth　is　on　the
  southern　coast　of　England；　west　of　the　Isle　of　Wight：　Flamborough
  Head　is　on　the　northeastern　coast　of　England　and　extends　into　the
  German　Ocean。
  ＇60＇
  Weald：　a　name　given　to　an　oval…shaped　chalk　area　in　England；
  beginning　near　the　Straits　of　Dover；　and　extending　into　the
  counties　of　Kent；　Surrey；　Hants；　and　Sussex。
  ＇61＇
  Lieut。　Brooke：　Brooke　devised　an　apparatus　for　deep…sea　sounding
  from　which　the　weight　necessary　to　sink　the　instrument　rapidly；　was
  detached　when　it　reached　the　bottom。　　The　object　was　to　relieve　the
  strain　on　the　rope　caused　by　rapid　soundings。　　Improved　apparatuses
  have　been　invented　since　the　time　of　Brooke。
  ＇62＇
  Ehrenberg　（1795…1876）：　a　German　naturalist　noted　for　his　studies　of
  Infusoria。
  ＇63＇
  Bailey　of　West　Point　（1811…1857）：　an　American　naturalist　noted　for
  his　researches　in　microscopy。
  ＇64＇
  enterprise　of　laying　down　the　telegraph…cable：　the　first　Atlantic
  telegraph…cable　between　England　and　America　was　laid　in　1858　by
  Cyrus　W。　Field　of　New　York。　　Messages　were　sent　over　it　for　a　few
  weeks；　then　it　ceased　to　act。　　A　permanent　cable　was　lai