BOOK　II：　OF　THE　TRAVELLING　OF　THE　UTOPIANS
  IF　any　man　has　a　mind　to　visit　his　friends　that　live　in　some　other
  town；　or　desires　to　travel　and　see　the　rest　of　the　country；　he
  obtains　leave　very　easily　from　the　syphogrant　and　tranibors　when
  there　is　no　particular　occasion　for　him　at　home：　such　as　travel；
  carry　with　them　a　passport　from　the　Prince；　which　both　certifies
  the　license　that　is　granted　for　travelling；　and　limits　the　time　of
  their　return。　They　are　furnished　with　a　wagon；　and　a　slave　who
  drives　the　oxen　and　looks　after　them；　but　unless　there　are　women
  in　the　company；　the　wagon　is　sent　back　at　the　end　of　the　journey
  as　a　needless　encumbrance。　While　they　are　on　the　road；　they　carry
  no　provisions　with　them；　yet　they　want　nothing；　but　are　everywhere
  treated　as　if　they　were　at　home。　If　they　stay　in　any　place　longer
  than　a　night；　everyone　follows　his　proper　occupation；　and　is　very
  well　used　by　those　of　his　own　trade；　but　if　any　man　goes　out　of
  the　city　to　which　he　belongs；　without　leave；　and　is　found　rambling
  without　a　passport；　he　is　severely　treated；　he　is　punished　as　a
  fugitive；　and　sent　home　disgracefully；　and　if　he　falls　again　into
  the　like　fault；　is　condemned　to　slavery。　If　any　man　has　a　mind　to
  travel　only　over　the　precinct　of　his　own　city；　he　may　freely　do
  it；　with　his　father's　permission　and　his　wife's　consent；　but　when
  he　comes　into　any　of　the　country　houses；　if　he　expects　to　be
  entertained　by　them；　he　must　labor　with　them　and　conform　to　their
  rules：　and　if　he　does　this；　he　may　freely　go　over　the　whole
  precinct；　being　thus　as　useful　to　the　city　to　which　he　belongs；　as
  if　he　were　still　within　it。　Thus　you　see　that　there　are　no　idle
  persons　among　them；　nor　pretences　of　excusing　any　from　labor。
  There　are　no　taverns；　no　alehouses　nor　stews　among　them；　nor　any
  other　occasions　of　corrupting　each　other；　of　getting　into　corners；
  or　forming　themselves　into　parties：　all　men　live　in　full　view；　so
  that　all　are　obliged；　both　to　perform　their　ordinary　tasks；　and　to
  employ　themselves　well　in　their　spare　hours。　And　it　is　certain
  that　a　people　thus　ordered　must　live　in　great　abundance　of　all
  things；　and　these　being　equally　distributed　among　them；　no　man　can
  want；　or　be　obliged　to　beg。
  In　their　great　Council　at　Amaurot；　to　which　there　are　three　sent
  from　every　town　once　a　year；　they　examine　what　towns　abound　in
  provisions　and　what　are　under　any　scarcity；　that　so　the　one　may　be
  furnished　from　the　other；　and　this　is　done　freely；　without　any
  sort　of　exchange；　for　according　to　their　plenty　or　scarcity　they
  supply　or　are　supplied　from　one　another；　so　that　indeed　the　whole
  island　is；　as　it　were；　one　family。　When　they　have　thus　taken　care
  of　their　whole　country；　and　laid　up　stores　for　two　years；　which
  they　do　to　prevent　the　ill…consequences　of　an　unfavorable　season；
  they　order　an　exportation　of　the　overplus；　of　corn；　honey；　wool；
  flax；　wood；　wax；　tallow；　leather；　and　cattle；　which　they　send　out
  commonly　in　great　quantities　to　other　nations。　They　order　a
  seventh　part　of　all　these　goods　to　be　freely　given　to　the　poor　of
  the　countries　to　which　they　send　them；　and　sell　the　rest　at
  moderate　rates。　And　by　this　exchange；　they　not　only　bring　back
  those　few　things　that　they　need　at　home　（for　indeed　they　scarce
  need　anything　but　iron）；　but　likewise　a　great　deal　of　gold　and
  silver；　and　by　their　driving　this　trade　so　long；　it　is　not　to　be
  imagined　how　vast　a　treasure　they　have　got　among　them：　so　that　now
  they　do　not　much　care　whether　they　sell　off　their　merchandise　for
  money　in　hand；　or　upon　trust。
  A　great　part　of　their　treasure　is　now　in　bonds；　but　in　all　their
  contracts　no　private　man　stands　bound；　but　the　writing　runs　in　the
  name　of　the　town；　and　the　towns　that　owe　them　money　raise　it　from
  those　private　hands　that　owe　it　to　them；　lay　it　Up　in　their　public
  chamber；　or　enjoy　the　profit　of　it　till　the　Utopians　call　for　it；
  and　they　choose　rather　to　let　the　greatest　part　of　it　lie　in　their
  hands　who　make　advantage　by　it；　than　to　call　for　it　themselves：
  but　if　they　see　that　any　of　their　other　neighbors　stand　more　in
  need　of　it；　then　they　call　it　in　and　lend　it　to　them：　whenever
  they　are　engaged　in　war；　which　is　the　only　occasion　in　which　their
  treasure　can　be　usefully　employed；　they　make　use　of　it　themselves。
  In　great　extremities　or　sudden　accidents　they　employ　it　in　hiring
  foreign　troops；　whom　they　more　willingly　expose　to　danger　than
  their　own　people：　they　give　them　great　pay；　knowing　well　that　this
  will　work　even　on　their　enemies；　that　it　will　engage　them　either
  to　betray　their　own　side；　or　at　least　to　desert　it；　and　that　it　is
  the　best　means　of　raising　mutual　jealousies　among　them：　for　this
  end　they　have　an　incredible　treasure；　but　they　do　not　keep　it　as　a
  treasure；　but　in　such　a　manner　as　I　am　almost　afraid　to　tell；　lest
  you　think　it　so　extravagant；　as　to　be　hardly　credible。　This　I　have
  the　more　reason　to　apprehend；　because　if　I　had　not　seen　it　myself；
  I　could　not　have　been　easily　persuaded　to　have　believed　it　upon
  any　man's　report。
  It　is　certain　that　all　things　appear　incredible　to　us；　in
  proportion　as　they　differ　from　our　own　customs。　But　one　who　can
  judge　aright　will　not　wonder　to　find　that；　since　their
  constitution　differs　so　much　from　ours；　their　value　of　gold　and
  silver　should　be　measured　by　a　very　different　standard；　for　since
  they　have　no　use　for　money　among　themselves；　but　keep　it　as　a
  provision　against　events　which　seldom　happen；　and　between　which
  there　are　generally　long　intervening　intervals；　they　value　it　no
  farther　than　it　deserves；　that　is；　in　proportion　to　its　use。　So
  that　it　is　plain　they　must　prefer　iron　either　to　gold　or　silver；
  for　men　can　no　more　live　without　iron　than　without　fire　or　water；
  but　nature　has　marked　out　no　use　for　the　other　metals；　so
  essential　as　not　easily　to　be　dispensed　with。　The　folly　of　men　has
  enhanced　the　value　of　gold　and　silver；　because　of　their　scarcity。
  Whereas；　on　the　contrary；　it　is　their　opinion　that　nature；　as　an
  indulgent　parent；　has　freely　given　us　all　the　best　things　in　great
  abundance；　such　as　water　and　earth；　but　has　laid　up　and　hid　from
  us　the　things　that　are　vain　and　useless。
  If　these　metals　were　laid　up　in　any　tower　in　the　kingdom；　it　would
  raise　a　jealousy　of　the　Prince　and　Senate；　and　give　birth　to　that
  foolish　mistrust　into　which　the　people　are　apt　to　fall；　a　jealousy
  of　their　intending　to　sacrifice　the　interest　of　the　public　to
  their　own　private　advantage。　If　they　should　work　it　into　vessels
  or　any　sort　of　plate；　they　fear　that　the　people　might　grow　too
  fond　of　it；　and　so　be　unwilling　to　let　the　plate　be　run　down　if　a
  war　made　it　necessary　to　employ　it　in　paying　their　soldiers。　To
  prevent　all　these　inconveniences；　they　have　fallen　upon　an
  expedient；　which；　as　it　agrees　with　their　other　policy；　so　is　it
  very　different　from　ours；　and　will　scarce　gain　belief　among　us；
  who　value　gold　so　much　and　lay　it　up　so　carefully。　They　eat　and
  drink　out　of　vessels　of　earth；　or　glass；　which　make　an　agreeable
  appearance　though　formed　of　brittle　materials：　while　they　make
  their　chamber…pots　and　close…stools　of　gold　and　silver；　and　that
  not　only　in　their　public　halls；　but　in　their　private　houses：　of
  the　same　metals　they　likewise　make　chains　and　fetters　for　their
  slaves；　to　some　of　which；　as　a　badge　of　infamy；　they　hang　an　ear…
  ring　of　gold；　and　make　others　wear　a　chain　or　coronet　of　the　same
  metal；　and　thus　they　take　care；　by　all　possible　means；　to　render
  gold　and　silver　of　no　esteem。　And　from　hence　it　is　that　while
  other　nations　part　with　their　gold　and　silver　as　unwillingly　as　if
  one　tore　out　their　bowels；　those　of　Utopia　would　look　on　their
  giving　in　all　they　possess　of　those　（metals；　when　there　was　any
  use　for　them）　but　as　the　parting　with　a　trifle；　or　as　we　would
  esteem　the　loss　of　a　penny。　They　find　pearls　on　their　coast；　and