he　raised　a　raging　wind；　and　drove　before　it　Pharaoh　and　his　armies
  to　that　hole；　and　the　abyss　received　them；　and　the　mountain　closed
  upon　them；　but　whosoever　goes　to　that　mountain　on　the　night　of　St。
  John　can　hear　Pharaoh　and　his　armies　singing　and　yelling　therein。
  And　it　came　to　pass；　that　when　Pharaoh　and　his　armies　had
  disappeared；　all　the　kings　and　the　nations　which　had　become　subject
  to　Egypt　revolted　against　Egypt；　which；　having　lost　her　king　and
  her　armies；　was　left　utterly　without　defence；　and　they　made　war
  against　her；　and　prevailed　against　her；　and　took　her　people　and
  drove　them　forth；　dispersing　them　over　all　the　world。'
  So　that　now；　say　the　Chai；　'Our　horses　drink　the　water　of　the
  Guadiana'　…　（Apilyela　gras　Chai　la　panee　Lucalee）。
  'THE　STEEDS　OF　THE　EGYPTIANS　DRINK　THE　WATERS　OF　THE　GUADIANA
  'The　region　of　Chal　was　our　dear　native　soil；
  Where　in　fulness　of　pleasure　we　lived　without　toil；
  Till　dispersed　through　all　lands；　'twas　our　fortune　to　be　…
  Our　steeds；　Guadiana；　must　now　drink　of　thee。
  'Once　kings　came　from　far　to　kneel　down　at　our　gate；
  And　princes　rejoic'd　on　our　meanest　to　wait；
  But　now　who　so　mean　but　would　scorn　our　degree　…
  Our　steeds；　Guadiana；　must　now　drink　of　thee。
  'For　the　Undebel　saw；　from　his　throne　in　the　cloud；
  That　our　deeds　they　were　foolish；　our　hearts　they　were　proud；
  And　in　anger　he　bade　us　his　presence　to　flee　…
  Our　steeds；　Guadiana；　must　now　drink　of　thee。
  'Our　horses　should　drink　of　no　river　but　one；
  It　sparkles　through　Chal；　'neath　the　smile　of　the　sun；
  But　they　taste　of　all　streams　save　that　only；　and　see　…
  Apilyela　gras　Chai　la　panee　Lucalee。'
  CHAPTER　II
  IN　Madrid　the　Gitanos　chiefly　reside　in　the　neighbourhood　of　the
  'mercado；'　or　the　place　where　horses　and　other　animals　are　sold；　…
  in　two　narrow　and　dirty　lanes；　called　the　Calle　de　la　Comadre　and
  the　Callejon　de　Lavapies。　　It　is　said　that　at　the　beginning　of　last
  century　Madrid　abounded　with　these　people；　who；　by　their　lawless
  behaviour　and　dissolute　lives；　gave　occasion　to　great　scandal；　if
  such　were　the　case；　their　numbers　must　have　considerably　diminished
  since　that　period；　as　it　would　be　difficult　at　any　time　to　collect
  fifty　throughout　Madrid。　　These　Gitanos　seem；　for　the　most　part；　to
  be　either　Valencians　or　of　Valencian　origin；　as　they　in　general
  either　speak　or　understand　the　dialect　of　Valencia；　and　whilst
  speaking　their　own　peculiar　jargon；　the　Rommany；　are　in　the　habit
  of　making　use　of　many　Valencian　words　and　terms。
  The　manner　of　life　of　the　Gitanos　of　Madrid　differs　in　no　material
  respect　from　that　of　their　brethren　in　other　places。　　The　men；
  every　market…day；　are　to　be　seen　on　the　skirts　of　the　mercado；
  generally　with　some　miserable　animal　…　for　example；　a　foundered
  mule　or　galled　borrico；　by　means　of　which　they　seldom　fail　to　gain
  a　dollar　or　two；　either　by　sale　or　exchange。　　It　must　not；　however；
  be　supposed　that　they　content　themselves　with　such　paltry　earnings。
  Provided　they　have　any　valuable　animal；　which　is　not　unfrequently
  the　case；　they　invariably　keep　such　at　home　snug　in　the　stall；
  conducting　thither　the　chapman；　should　they　find　any；　and
  concluding　the　bargain　with　the　greatest　secrecy。　　Their　general
  reason　for　this　conduct　is　an　unwillingness　to　exhibit　anything
  calculated　to　excite　the　jealousy　of　the　chalans；　or　jockeys　of
  Spanish　blood；　who　on　the　slightest　umbrage　are　in　the　habit　of
  ejecting　them　from　the　fair　by　force　of　palos　or　cudgels；　in　which
  violence　the　chalans　are　to　a　certain　extent　countenanced　by　law；
  for　though　by　the　edict　of　Carlos　the　Third　the　Gitanos　were　in
  other　respects　placed　upon　an　equality　with　the　rest　of　the
  Spaniards；　they　were　still　forbidden　to　obtain　their　livelihood　by
  the　traffic　of　markets　and　fairs。
  They　have　occasionally　however　another　excellent　reason　for　not
  exposing　the　animal　in　the　public　mercado　…　having　obtained　him　by
  dishonest　means。　　The　stealing；　concealing；　and　receiving　animals
  when　stolen；　are　inveterate　Gypsy　habits；　and　are　perhaps　the　last
  from　which　the　Gitano　will　be　reclaimed；　or　will　only　cease　when
  the　race　has　become　extinct。　　In　the　prisons　of　Madrid；　either　in
  that　of　the　Saladero　or　De　la　Corte；　there　are　never　less　than　a
  dozen　Gitanos　immured　for　stolen　horses　or　mules　being　found　in
  their　possession；　which　themselves　or　their　connections　have
  spirited　away　from　the　neighbouring　villages；　or　sometimes　from　a
  considerable　distance。　　I　say　spirited　away；　for　so　well　do　the
  thieves　take　their　measures；　and　watch　their　opportunity；　that　they
  are　seldom　or　never　taken　in　the　fact。
  The　Madrilenian　Gypsy　women　are　indefatigable　in　the　pursuit　of
  prey；　prowling　about　the　town　and　the　suburbs　from　morning　till
  night；　entering　houses　of　all　descriptions；　from　the　highest　to　the
  lowest；　telling　fortunes；　or　attempting　to　play　off　various　kinds
  of　Gypsy　tricks；　from　which　they　derive　much　greater　profit；　and　of
  which　we　shall　presently　have　occasion　to　make　particular　mention。
  From　Madrid　let　us　proceed　to　Andalusia；　casting　a　cursory　glance
  on　the　Gitanos　of　that　country。　　I　found　them　very　numerous　at
  Granada；　which　in　the　Gitano　language　is　termed　Meligrana。　　Their
  general　condition　in　this　place　is　truly　miserable；　far　exceeding
  in　wretchedness　the　state　of　the　tribes　of　Estremadura。　　It　is
  right　to　state　that　Granada　itself　is　the　poorest　city　in　Spain；
  the　greatest　part　of　the　population；　which　exceeds　sixty　thousand；
  living　in　beggary　and　nakedness；　and　the　Gitanos　share　in　the
  general　distress。
  Many　of　them　reside　in　caves　scooped　in　the　sides　of　the　ravines
  which　lead　to　the　higher　regions　of　the　Alpujarras；　on　a　skirt　of
  which　stands　Granada。　　A　common　occupation　of　the　Gitanos　of
  Granada　is　working　in　iron；　and　it　is　not　unfrequent　to　find　these
  caves　tenanted　by　Gypsy　smiths　and　their　families；　who　ply　the
  hammer　and　forge　in　the　bowels　of　the　earth。　　To　one　standing　at
  the　mouth　of　the　cave；　especially　at　night；　they　afford　a
  picturesque　spectacle。　　Gathered　round　the　forge；　their　bronzed　and
  naked　bodies；　illuminated　by　the　flame；　appear　like　figures　of
  demons；　while　the　cave；　with　its　flinty　sides　and　uneven　roof；
  blackened　by　the　charcoal　vapours　which　hover　about　it　in　festoons；
  seems　to　offer　no　inadequate　representation　of　fabled　purgatory。
  Working　in　iron　was　an　occupation　strictly　forbidden　to　the　Gitanos
  by　the　ancient　laws；　on　what　account　does　not　exactly　appear；
  though；　perhaps；　the　trade　of　the　smith　was　considered　as　too　much
  akin　to　that　of　the　chalan　to　be　permitted　to　them。　　The　Gypsy
  smith　of　Granada　is　still　a　chalan；　even　as　his　brother　in　England
  is　a　jockey　and　tinker　alternately。
  Whilst　speaking　of　the　Gitanos　of　Granada；　we　cannot　pass　by　in
  silence　a　tragedy　which　occurred　in　this　town　amongst　them；　some
  fifteen　years　ago；　and　the　details　of　which　are　known　to　every
  Gitano　in　Spain；　from　Catalonia　to　Estremadura。　　We　allude　to　the
  murder　of　Pindamonas　by　Pepe　Conde。　　Both　these　individuals　were
  Gitanos；　the　latter　was　a　celebrated　contrabandista；　of　whom　many
  remarkable　tales　are　told。　　On　one　occasion；　having　committed　some
  enormous　crime；　he　fled　over　to　Barbary　and　turned　Moor；　and　was
  employed　by　the　Moorish　emperor　in　his　wars；　in　company　with　the
  other　renegade　Spaniards；　whose　grand　depot　or　presidio　is　the　town
  of　Agurey　in　the　kingdom　of　Fez。　　After　the　lapse　of　some　years；
  when　his　crime　was　nearly　forgotten；　he　returned　to　Granada；　where
  he　followed　his　old　occupations　of　contrabandista　and　chalan。
  Pindamonas　was　a　Gitano　of　considerable　wealth；　and　was　considered
  as　the　most　respectable　of　the　race　at　Granada；　amongst　whom　he
  possessed　considerable　influence。　　Between　this　man　and　Pepe　Conde
  there　existed　a　jealousy；　especially　on　the　part　of　the　latter；
  who；　being　a　man　of　proud　untamable　spirit；　could　not　well　brook　a
  superior　amongst　his　own　people。　　It　chanced　one　day　that
  Pindamonas　and　other　Gitanos；　amongst　whom　was　Pepe　Conde；　were　in
  a　coffee…house。　　After　they　had　all　partaken　of　some　refreshment；
  they　called　for　the　reckoning；　the　amount　of　which　Pindamonas
  insisted　on　discharging。　　It　will　be　necessary　here　to　observe；
  that　on　such　occasions　in　Spain　it　is　considered　as　a　species　of
  privilege　to　be　allowed　to　pay；　which　is　an　honour　generally
  claimed　by　the　principal　man　of　the　party。　　Pepe　Conde　did　not　fail
  to　take　umbrage　at　the　attempt　of　Pindamonas；　which　he　considered
  as　an　undue　assumption　of　supe