race；　to　such　an　immense　distance　as　the　western　part　of　Spain；
  passing　necessarily　through　many　wild　lands　and　tribes；　why　might
  they　not　have　penetrated　into　the　heart　of　Barbary；　and　wherefore
  may　not　their　descendants　be　still　there；　following　the　same　kind
  of　life　as　the　European　Gypsies；　that　is；　wandering　about　from
  place　to　place；　and　maintaining　themselves　by　deceit　and　robbery？
  But　those　who　are　acquainted　but　slightly　with　the　condition　of
  Barbary　are　aware　that　it　would　be　less　difficult　and　dangerous　for
  a　company　of　foreigners　to　proceed　from　Spain　to　Multan；　than　from
  the　nearest　seaport　in　Barbary　to　Fez；　an　insignificant　distance。
  True　it　is；　that；　from　their　intercourse　with　the　Moors　of　Spain；
  the　Gypsies　might　have　become　acquainted　with　the　Arabic　language；
  and　might　even　have　adopted　the　Moorish　dress；　ere　entering
  Barbary；　and；　moreover；　might　have　professed　belief　in　the　religion
  of　Mahomet；　still　they　would　have　been　known　as　foreigners；　and；　on
  that　account；　would　have　been　assuredly　attacked　by　the　people　of
  the　interior；　had　they　gone　amongst　them；　who；　according　to　the
  usual　practice；　would　either　have　massacred　them　or　made　them
  slaves；　and　as　slaves；　they　would　have　been　separated。　　The　mulatto
  hue　of　their　countenances　would　probably　have　insured　them　the
  latter　fate；　as　all　blacks　and　mulattos　in　the　dominions　of　the
  Moor　are　properly　slaves；　and　can　be　bought　and　sold；　unless　by
  some　means　or　other　they　become　free；　in　which　event　their　colour
  is　no　obstacle　to　their　elevation　to　the　highest　employments　and
  dignities；　to　their　becoming　pashas　of　cities　and　provinces；　or
  even　to　their　ascending　the　throne。　　Several　emperors　of　Morocco
  have　been　mulattos。
  Above　I　have　pointed　out　all　the　difficulties　and　dangers　which
  must　have　attended　the　path　of　the　Gitanos；　had　they　passed　from
  Spain　into　Barbary；　and　attempted　to　spread　themselves　over　that
  region；　as　over　Europe　and　many　parts　of　Asia。　　To　these
  observations　I　have　been　led　by　the　assertion　that　they
  accomplished　this；　and　no　proof　of　the　fact　having；　as　I　am　aware；
  ever　been　adduced；　for　who　amongst　those　who　have　made　such　a
  statement　has　seen　or　conversed　with　the　Egyptians　of　Barbary；　or
  had　sufficient　intercourse　with　them　to　justify　him　in　the
  assertion　that　they　are　one　and　the　same　people　as　those　of　Europe；
  from　whom　they　differ　about　as　much　as　the　various　tribes　which
  inhabit　various　European　countries　differ　from　each　other？　　At　the
  same　time；　I　wish　it　to　be　distinctly　understood　that　I　am　far　from
  denying　the　existence　of　Gypsies　in　various　parts　of　the　interior
  of　Barbary。　　Indeed；　I　almost　believe　the　fact；　though　the
  information　which　I　possess　is　by　no　means　of　a　description　which
  would　justify　me　in　speaking　with　full　certainty；　I　having　myself
  never　come　in　contact　with　any　sect　or　caste　of　people　amongst　the
  Moors；　who　not　only　tallied　in　their　pursuits　with　the　Rommany；　but
  who　likewise　spoke　amongst　themselves　a　dialect　of　the　language　of
  Roma；　nor　am　I　aware　that　any　individual　worthy　of　credit　has　ever
  presumed　to　say　that　he　has　been　more　fortunate　in　these　respects。
  Nevertheless；　I　repeat　that　I　am　inclined　to　believe　that　Gypsies
  virtually　exist　in　Barbary；　and　my　reasons　I　shall　presently
  adduce；　but　I　will　here　observe；　that　if　these　strange　outcasts　did
  indeed　contrive　to　penetrate　into　the　heart　of　that　savage　and
  inhospitable　region；　they　could　only　have　succeeded　after　having
  become　well　acquainted　with　the　Moorish　language；　and　when；　after　a
  considerable　sojourn　on　the　coast；　they　had　raised　for　themselves　a
  name；　and　were　regarded　with　superstitious　fear；　in　a　word；　if　they
  walked　this　land　of　peril　untouched　and　unscathed；　it　was　not　that
  they　were　considered　as　harmless　and　inoffensive　people；　which；
  indeed；　would　not　have　protected　them；　and　which　assuredly　they
  were　not；　it　was　not　that　they　were　mistaken　for　wandering　Moors
  and　Bedouins；　from　whom　they　differed　in　feature　and　complexion；
  but　because；　wherever　they　went；　they　were　dreaded　as　the
  possessors　of　supernatural　powers；　and　as　mighty　sorcerers。
  There　is　in　Barbary　more　than　one　sect　of　wanderers；　which；　to　the
  cursory　observer；　might　easily　appear；　and　perhaps　have　appeared；
  in　the　right　of　legitimate　Gypsies。　　For　example；　there　are　the
  Beni　Aros。　　The　proper　home　of　these　people　is　in　certain　high
  mountains　in　the　neighbourhood　of　Tetuan；　but　they　are　to　be　found
  roving　about　the　whole　kingdom　of　Fez。　　Perhaps　it　would　be
  impossible　to　find；　in　the　whole　of　Northern　Africa；　a　more
  detestable　caste。　　They　are　beggars　by　profession；　but　are
  exceedingly　addicted　to　robbery　and　murder；　they　are　notorious
  drunkards；　and　are　infamous；　even　in　Barbary；　for　their　unnatural
  lusts。　　They　are；　for　the　most　part；　well　made　and　of　comely
  features。　　I　have　occasionally　spoken　with　them；　they　are　Moors；
  and　speak　no　language　but　the　Arabic。
  Then　there　is　the　sect　of　Sidi　Hamed　au　Muza；　a　very　roving　people；
  companies　of　whom　are　generally　to　be　found　in　all　the　principal
  towns　of　Barbary。　　The　men　are　expert　vaulters　and　tumblers；　and
  perform　wonderful　feats　of　address　with　swords　and　daggers；　to　the
  sound　of　wild　music；　which　the　women；　seated　on　the　ground；　produce
  from　uncouth　instruments；　by　these　means　they　obtain　a　livelihood。
  Their　dress　is　picturesque；　scarlet　vest　and　white　drawers。　　In
  many　respects　they　not　a　little　resemble　the　Gypsies；　but　they　are
  not　an　evil　people；　and　are　looked　upon　with　much　respect　by　the
  Moors；　who　call　them　Santons。　　Their　patron　saint　is　Hamed　au　Muza；
  and　from　him　they　derive　their　name。　　Their　country　is　on　the
  confines　of　the　Sahara；　or　great　desert；　and　their　language　is　the
  Shilhah；　or　a　dialect　thereof。　　They　speak　but　little　Arabic。　　When
  I　saw　them　for　the　first　time；　I　believed　them　to　be　of　the　Gypsy
  caste；　but　was　soon　undeceived。　　A　more　wandering　race　does　not
  exist　than　the　children　of　Sidi　Hamed　au　Muza。　　They　have　even
  visited　France；　and　exhibited　their　dexterity　and　agility　at　Paris
  and　Marseilles。
  I　will　now　say　a　few　words　concerning　another　sect　which　exists　in
  Barbary；　and　will　here　premise；　that　if　those　who　compose　it　are
  not　Gypsies；　such　people　are　not　to　be　found　in　North　Africa；　and
  the　assertion；　hitherto　believed；　that　they　abound　there；　is　devoid
  of　foundation。　　I　allude　to　certain　men　and　women；　generally　termed
  by　the　Moors　'Those　of　the　Dar…bushi…fal；'　which　word　is　equivalent
  to　prophesying　or　fortune…telling。　　They　are　great　wanderers；　but
  have　also　their　fixed　dwellings　or　villages；　and　such　a　place　is
  called　'Char　Seharra；'　or　witch…hamlet。　　Their　manner　of　life；　in
  every　respect；　resembles　that　of　the　Gypsies　of　other　countries；
  they　are　wanderers　during　the　greatest　part　of　the　year；　and
  subsist　principally　by　pilfering　and　fortune…telling。　　They　deal
  much　in　mules　and　donkeys；　and　it　is　believed；　in　Barbary；　that
  they　can　change　the　colour　of　any　animal　by　means　of　sorcery；　and
  so　disguise　him　as　to　sell　him　to　his　very　proprietor；　without　fear
  of　his　being　recognised。　　This　latter　trait　is　quite　characteristic
  of　the　Gypsy　race；　by　whom　the　same　thing　is　practised　in　most
  parts　of　the　world。　　But　the　Moors　assert；　that　the　children　of　the
  Dar…bushi…fal　can　not　only　change　the　colour　of　a　horse　or　a　mule；
  but　likewise　of　a　human　being；　in　one　night；　transforming　a　white
  into　a　black；　after　which　they　sell　him　for　a　slave；　on　which
  account　the　superstitious　Moors　regard　them　with　the　utmost　dread；
  and　in　general　prefer　passing　the　night　in　the　open　fields　to
  sleeping　in　their　hamlets。　　They　are　said　to　possess　a　particular
  language；　which　is　neither　Shilhah　nor　Arabic；　and　which　none　but
  themselves　understand；　from　all　which　circumstances　I　am　led　to
  believe；　that　the　children　of　the　Dar…bushi…fal　are　legitimate
  Gypsies；　descendants　of　those　who　passed　over　to　Barbary　from
  Spain。　　Nevertheless；　as　it　has　never　been　my　fortune　to　meet　or　to
  converse　with　any　of　this　caste；　though　they　are　tolerably　numerous
  in　Barbary；　I　am　far　from　asserting　that　they　are　of　Gypsy　race。
  More　enterprising　individuals　than　myself　may；　perhaps；　establish
  the　fact。　　Any　particular　language　or　jargon　which　they　speak
  amongst　themselves　will　be　the　best　criterion。　　The　word　which　they
  employ　for　'water'　would　decide　the　point；　for　the　Dar…bushi…fal
  are　not　Gypsies；　if；　in　their　peculiar　speech；　they　designate　that
  blessed　element　and　article　most　necessary　to　human　existence　by
  aught　else　than　the