Under　these　circumstances　Crazy　Horse　again　showed　his
  masterful　spirit　by　holding　these　young　men　in　check。　　He　said　to
  them　in　his　quiet　way：　〃It　is　well　to　be　brave　in　the　field　of
  battle；　it　is　cowardly　to　display　bravery　against　one's　own
  tribesmen。　　These　scouts　have　been　compelled　to　do　what　they　did；
  they　are　no　better　than　servants　of　the　white　officers。　　I　came
  here　on　a　peaceful　errand。〃
  The　captain　urged　him　to　report　at　army　headquarters　to
  explain　himself　and　correct　false　rumors；　and　on　his　giving
  consent；　furnished　him　with　a　wagon　and　escort。　　It　has　been　said
  that　he　went　back　under　arrest；　but　this　is　untrue。　　Indians　have
  boasted　that　they　had　a　hand　in　bringing　him　in；　but　their　stories
  are　without　foundation。　　He　went　of　his　own　accord；　either
  suspecting　no　treachery　or　determined　to　defy　it。
  When　he　reached　the　military　camp；　Little　Big　Man　walked
  arm…in…arm　with　him；　and　his　cousin　and　friend；　Touch…the…Cloud；
  was　just　in　advance。　　After　they　passed　the　sentinel；　an　officer
  approached　them　and　walked　on　his　other　side。　　He　was　unarmed　but
  for　the　knife　which　is　carried　for　ordinary　uses　by　women　as　well
  as　men。　　Unsuspectingly　he　walked　toward　the　guardhouse；　when
  Touch…the…Cloud　suddenly　turned　back　exclaiming：　〃Cousin；　they　will
  put　you　in　prison！〃
  〃Another　white　man's　trick！　　Let　me　go！　　Let　me　die　fighting！〃
  cried　Crazy　Horse。　　He　stopped　and　tried　to　free　himself　and　draw
  his　knife；　but　both　arms　were　held　fast　by　Little　Big　Man　and　the
  officer。　　While　he　struggled　thus；　a　soldier　thrust　him　through
  with　his　bayonet　from　behind。　　The　wound　was　mortal；　and　he　died　in
  the　course　of　that　night；　his　old　father　singing　the　death　song
  over　him　and　afterward　carrying　away　the　body；　which　they　said
  must　not　be　further　polluted　by　the　touch　of　a　white　man。　　They　hid
  it　somewhere　in　the　Bad　Lands；　his　resting　place　to　this　day。
  Thus　died　one　of　the　ablest　and　truest　American　Indians。　　His
  life　was　ideal；　his　record　clean。　　He　was　never　involved　in　any　of
  the　numerous　massacres　on　the　trail；　but　was　a　leader　in
  practically　every　open　fight。　　Such　characters　as　those　of　Crazy
  Horse　and　Chief　Joseph　are　not　easily　found　among　so…called
  civilized　people。　　The　reputation　of　great　men　is　apt　to　be
  shadowed　by　questionable　motives　and　policies；　but　here　are　two
  pure　patriots；　as　worthy　of　honor　as　any　who　ever　breathed　God's
  air　in　the　wide　spaces　of　a　new　world。
  SITTING　BULL
  IT　is　not　easy　to　characterize　Sitting　Bull；　of　all　Sioux　chiefs
  most　generally　known　to　the　American　people。　　There　are　few　to　whom
  his　name　is　not　familiar；　and　still　fewer　who　have　learned　to
  connect　it　with　anything　more　than　the　conventional　notion　of　a
  bloodthirsty　savage。　　The　man　was　an　enigma　at　best。　　He　was　not
  impulsive；　nor　was　he　phlegmatic。　　He　was　most　serious　when　he
  seemed　to　be　jocose。　　He　was　gifted　with　the　power　of　sarcasm；　and
  few　have　used　it　more　artfully　than　he。
  His　father　was　one　of　the　best…known　members　of　the　Unkpapa
  band　of　Sioux。　　The　manner　of　this　man's　death　was　characteristic。
  One　day；　when　the　Unkpapas　were　attacked　by　a　large　war　party　of
  Crows；　he　fell　upon　the　enemy's　war　leader　with　his　knife。　　In　a
  hand…to…hand　combat　of　this　sort；　we　count　the　victor　as　entitled
  to　a　war　bonnet　of　trailing　plumes。　　It　means　certain　death　to　one
  or　both。　　In　this　case；　both　men　dealt　a　mortal　stroke；　and　Jumping
  Buffalo；　the　father　of　Sitting　Bull；　fell　from　his　saddle　and　died
  in　a　few　minutes。　　The　other　died　later　from　the　effects　of　the
  wound。
  Sitting　Bull's　boyhood　must　have　been　a　happy　one。　　It　was
  long　after　the　day　of　the　dog…travaux；　and　his　father　owned　many
  ponies　of　variegated　colors。　　It　was　said　of　him　in　a　joking　way
  that　his　legs　were　bowed　like　the　ribs　of　the　ponies　that　he　rode
  constantly　from　childhood。　　He　had　also　a　common　nickname　that　was
  much　to　the　point。　　It　was　〃Hunkeshnee〃；　which　means　〃Slow〃；
  referring　to　his　inability　to　run　fast；　or　more　probably　to　the
  fact　that　he　seldom　appeared　on　foot。　　In　their　boyish　games　he　was
  wont　to　take　the　part　of　the　〃old　man〃；　but　this　does　not　mean　that
  he　was　not　active　and　brave。　　It　is　told　that　after　a　buffalo　hunt
  the　boys　were　enjoying　a　mimic　hunt　with　the　calves　that　had　been
  left　behind。　　A　large　calf　turned　viciously　on　Sitting　Bull；　whose
  pony　had　thrown　him；　but　the　alert　youth　got　hold　of　both　ears　and
  struggled　until　the　calf　was　pushed　back　into　a　buffalo　wallow　in
  a　sitting　posture。　　The　boys　shouted：　〃He　has　subdued　the　buffalo
  calf！　　He　made　it　sit　down！〃　　And　from　this　incident　was　derived
  his　familiar　name　of　Sitting　Bull。
  It　is　a　mistake　to　suppose　that　Sitting　Bull；　or　any　other
  Indian　warrior；　was　of　a　murderous　disposition。　　It　is　true　that
  savage　warfare　had　grown　more　and　more　harsh　and　cruel　since　the
  coming　of　white　traders　among　them；　bringing　guns；　knives；　and
  whisky。　　Yet　it　was　still　regarded　largely　as　a　　sort　of　game；
  undertaken　in　order　to　develop　the　manly　qualities　of　their　youth。
  It　was　the　degree　of　risk　which　brought　honor；　rather　than　the
  number　slain；　and　a　brave　must　mourn　thirty　days；　with　blackened
  face　and　loosened　hair；　for　the　enemy　whose　life　he　had　taken。
  While　the　spoils　of　war　were　allowed；　this　did　not　extend　to
  territorial　aggrandizement；　nor　was　there　any　wish　to　overthrow
  another　nation　and　enslave　its　people。　　It　was　a　point　of　honor
  in　the　old　days　to　treat　a　captive　with　kindness。　　The　common
  impression　that　the　Indian　is　naturally　cruel　and　revengeful　is
  entirely　opposed　to　his　philosophy　and　training。　　The　revengeful
  tendency　of　the　Indian　was　aroused　by　the　white　man。　　It　is　not　the
  natural　Indian　who　is　mean　and　tricky；　not　Massasoit　but　King
  Philip；　not　Attackullakulla　but　Weatherford；　not　Wabashaw　but
  Little　Crow；　not　Jumping　Buffalo　but　Sitting　Bull！　　These　men
  lifted　their　hands　against　the　white　man；　while　their　fathers　held
  theirs　out　to　him　with　gifts。
  Remember　that　there　were　councils　which　gave　their　decisions
  in　accordance　with　the　highest　ideal　of　human　justice　before　there
  were　any　cities　on　this　continent；　before　there　were　bridges　to
  span　the　Mississippi；　before　this　network　of　railroads　was　dreamed
  of！　　There　were　primitive　communities　upon　the　very　spot　where
  Chicago　or　New　York　City　now　stands；　where　men　were　as　children；
  innocent　of　all　the　crimes　now　committed　there　daily　and　nightly。
  True　morality　is　more　easily　maintained　in　connection　with　the
  simple　life。　　You　must　accept　the　truth　that　you　demoralize　any
  race　whom　you　have　subjugated。
  From　this　point　of　view　we　shall　consider　Sitting　Bull's
  career。　　We　say　he　is　an　untutored　man：　that　is　true　so　far　as
  learning　of　a　literary　type　is　concerned；　but　he　was　not　an
  untutored　man　when　you　view　him　from　the　standpoint　of　his　nation。
  To　be　sure；　he　did　not　learn　his　lessons　from　books。　　This　is
  second…hand　information　at　best。　　All　that　he　learned　he　verified
  for　himself　and　put　into　daily　practice。　　In　personal　appearance　he
  was　rather　commonplace　and　made　no　immediate　impression；　but　as　he
  talked　he　seemed　to　take　hold　of　his　hearers　more　and　more。　　He　was
  bull…headed；　quick　to　grasp　a　situation；　and　not　readily　induced　to
  change　his　mind。　　He　was　not　suspicious　until　he　was　forced　to　be
  so。　　All　his　meaner　traits　were　inevitably　developed　by　the　events
  of　his　later　career。
  Sitting　Bull's　history　has　been　written　many　times　by
  newspaper　men　and　army　officers；　but　I　find　no　account　of　him　which
  is　entirely　correct。　　I　met　him　personally　in　1884；　and　since　his
  death　I　have　gone　thoroughly　into　the　details　of　his　life　with　his
  relatives　and　contemporaries。　　It　has　often　been　said　that　he　was
  a　physical　coward　and　not　a　warrior。　　Judge　of　this　for　yourselves
  from　the　deed　which　first　gave　him　fame　in　his　own　tribe；　when　he
  was　about　twenty…eight　years　old。
  In　an　attack　upon　a　band　of　Crow　Indians；　one　of　the　enemy
  took　his　stand；　after　the　rest　had　fled；　in　a　deep　ditch　from
  which　it　seemed　impossible　to　dislodge　him。　　The　situation　had
  already　cost　the　lives　of　several　warriors；　but　they　could　not　let
  him　go　to　repeat　such　a　boast　over　the　Sioux！
  〃Follow　me！〃　said　Sitting　Bull；　and　charged。　　He　raced　his
  horse　to　the　brim　of　the　ditch　and　struck　at　the　enemy　with　his
  coup…staff；　thus　compelling　him　to　expose　himself　to　the　fire　of
  the　others　while　shooting　his　assailant。　　But　the　Crow　merely　poked
  his　empty　gun　into　his　face　and　dodged　back　under　cover。　　Then
  Sitting　Bull　stopped；　he　saw　that　no　one　had　followed　him；　and　he
  also　perceived　that　the　enemy　had　no　more　ammunition　left。　　He　rode
  deliberately　up　to　the　barrier　and　threw　his　loaded　gun　over　it；
  then　he　went　back　to　his　party　and　told　them　what　he　thought　of
  them。
  〃Now；〃　said　he；　〃I　have　armed　him；　for　I　will　not　see　a　brave
  man　killed　unarmed。　　I　will　strike　him　agai