第 17 节
作者:悟来悟去      更新:2022-11-23 12:12      字数:9322
  Therefore no one was allowed to sally out; and the discomfited
  Danes retired unmolested。
  The next morning to their joy the Saxons saw that the
  invaders had broken up their camp; and had marched away
  in the night。 Scouts were sent out in various directions; and
  the Saxons employed themselves in stripping and burying
  the Danes who had fallen within the fort; only a few of the
  most distinguished having been carried off。 The scouts
  returned with news that the Danes had made no halt; but had
  departed entirely from that part of the country。 Finding that
  for the present they were free of the invaders; the Saxons left
  the fort and scattered again; to rebuild as best they might
  their devastated homes。
  But if in the neighbourhood of Sherborne the Danes
  had been severely repulsed; in other parts of the kingdom
  they continued to make great progress; and the feeling of
  despair among the Saxons increased。 Great numbers left
  their homes; and taking with them all their portable
  possessions; made their way to the sea…coast; and there embarked
  for France; where they hoped to be able to live peaceably and
  quietly。
  Edmund placed no hindrance in the way of such of his
  people who chose this course; for the prospect appeared
  well…nigh hopeless。 The majority of the Saxons were utterly
  broken in spirit; and a complete conquest of the kingdom by the
  Danes seemed inevitable。 In the spring; however; of 877 King
  Alfred again issued an urgent summons。 A great horde of
  Danes had landed at Exeter and taken possession of that town;
  and he determined to endeavour to crush them。 He sent to
  Edmund begging him to proceed at once to Poole; where the
  king's fleet was ready for sea; and to embark in it with what
  force he could raise; and to sail and blockade the entrance to
  the river Exe; and so prevent the Danes from reinforcing their
  countrymen; while he with his forces laid siege to Exeter。
  Edmund would have taken his own vessel; but some time
  would have been lost; and the king's ships were short of hands。
  He was not sorry; indeed; that his men should have some
  practise at sea; and taking his own band; in which the vacancies
  which had been caused in the defence of the fort had
  been filled up; he proceeded to Poole。 Here he embarked
  his men in one of the ships; and the fleet; comprising twenty
  vessels; put to sea。
  The management of the vessels and their sails was in
  the hands of experienced sailors; and Edmund's men had no
  duties to perform except to fight the enemy when they met
  them。
  The news of the siege of Exeter reached the Danes at
  Wareham; which was their head…quarters; and 120 vessels
  filled with their troops sailed for the relief of Exeter。
  The weather was unpropitious; heavy fogs lay on the
  water; dissipated occasionally by fierce outbursts of wind。 The
  Saxon fleet kept the sea。 It was well that for a time the Danish
  fleet did not appear in sight; for the Saxons; save the
  sailors; were unaccustomed to the water; and many suffered
  greatly from the rough motion; and had the Danes appeared
  for the first week after the fleet put to sea a combat must
  have been avoided; as the troops were in no condition to
  fight。
  Presently; however; they recovered from their malady
  and became eager to meet the enemy; Edmund bade his men
  take part in the working of the ship in order to accustom
  themselves to the duties of seamen。 The fleet did not keep
  the sea all the time; returning often to the straits between
  the Isle of Wight and the mainland; where they lay in shelter;
  a look…out being kept from the top of the hills; whence a wide
  sweep of sea could be seen; and where piles of wood were
  collected by which a signal fire could warn the fleet to put to
  sea should the enemy's vessels come in sight。
  A full month passed and the Saxons began to fear that
  the Danes might have eluded them; having perhaps been
  blown out to sea and having made the land again far to the
  west。 One morning; however; smoke was seen to rise from
  the beacon fire。 The crews who were on shore instantly hurried
  on board。 From the hills the Danish fleet was made out
  far to the west and was seen to be approaching the land from
  seaward; having been driven far out of its course by the winds。
  The weather was wild and threatening and the sailors
  predicted a great storm。 Nevertheless the fleet put to sea
  and with reefed sails ran to the west。 Their vessels were larger
  than the Danish galleys and could better keep the sea in a
  storm。 Many miles were passed before; from the decks; the
  Danish flotilla could be seen。 Presently; however; a great
  number of their galleys were discerned rowing in towards
  Swanage Bay。
  In spite of the increasing fury of the wind the Saxons
  spread more sail and succeeded in intercepting the Danes。 A
  desperate fight began; but the Danes in their low; long
  vessels had all they could do to keep afloat on the waves。
  Many were run down by the Saxons。 The showers of arrows from
  their lofty poops confused the rowers and slew many。 Sweeping
  along close to them they often broke off the oars and
  disabled them。 Sometimes two or three of the Danish galleys
  would try to close with a Saxon ship; but the sea was too
  rough for the boats to remain alongside while the men tried
  to climb up the high sides; and the Saxons with their spears
  thrust down those who strove to do so。 Confusion and terror
  soon reigned among the Danes; and fearing to try to escape
  by sea in such a storm made for the shore; hotly pursued
  by the Saxons。
  But the shore was even more inhospitable than their
  foes。 Great rocks bordered the coast; and upon these the
  galleys were dashed into fragments。 The people on shore;
  who had gathered at the sight of the approaching fleets; fell
  upon such of the Danes as succeeded in gaining the coast;
  and everyone who landed was instantly slain。 Thus; partly
  from the effects of the Saxon fleet but still more from that of
  the storm; the whole of the Danish fleet of one hundred and
  twenty vessels was destroyed; not a single ship escaping the
  general destruction。
  CHAPTER VII: THE DRAGON
  The Danes at Exeter; being now cut off from all hope
  of relief; asked for terms; and the king granted them
  their lives on condition of their promising to leave
  Wessex and not to return。 This promise they swore by their
  most solemn oaths to observe; and marching northward
  passed out of Wessex and settled near Gloucester。 Some of
  the Saxons thought that the king had been wrong in granting
  such easy terms; but he pointed out to the ealdormen
  who remonstrated with him that there were many other and
  larger bands of Danes in Mercia and Anglia; and that had he
  massacred the band at Exeterand this he could not have
  done without the loss of many men; as assuredly the Danes
  would have fought desperately for their livesthe news of
  their slaughter would have brought upon him fresh invasions
  from all sides。
  By this time all resistance to the Danes in Mercia had
  ceased。 Again and again King Burhred had bought them
  off; but this only brought fresh hordes down upon him; and
  at last; finding the struggle hopeless; he had gone as a
  pilgrim to Rome; where he had died。 The Danes acted in Mercia
  as they had done in Northumbria。 They did not care; themselves;
  to settle down for any length of time; and therefore
  appointed a weak Saxon thane; Ceolwulf; as the King of Mercia。
  He ruled cruelly and extorted large revenues from the
  land…owners; and robbed the monasteries; which had escaped
  destruction; of their treasures。
  The Danes suffered him to pursue this course until he
  had amassed great wealth; when they swooped down upon
  him; robbed him of all he possessed; and took away the nominal
  kingship he had held。 As there was now but little fresh
  scope for plundering in England many of the Danes both in
  Anglia and Mercia settled down in the cities and on the lands
  which they had taken from the Saxons。
  The Danes who had gone from Exeter were now joined
  by another band which had landed in South Wales。 The latter;
  finding but small plunder was to be obtained among the
  mountains of that country; moved to Gloucester; and joining
  the band there proposed a fresh invasion of Wessex。 The
  Danes; in spite of the oaths they had sworn to Alfred; and
  the hostages they had left in his hands; agreed to the proposal;
  and early in the spring of 878 the bands; swollen by
  reinforcements from Mercia; marched into Wiltshire and captured
  the royal castle of Chippenham on the Avon。 From this point
  they spread over the country and destroyed everything
  with fire and sword。 A general panic seized the inhabitants。
  The better class; with the bishops; priests; and monks;
  made for the sea…coasts and thence crossed to France; taking
  with them all their portable goods; with the relics; precious
  stones; and ornaments of the churches and monasteries。
  Another party of Danes in twenty…three ships had landed
  in Devonshire。 Here the ealdorman Adda had constructed a
  castle similar to that which Edmund had built。 It was fortified
  by nature on three sides and had a strong rampart of
  earth on another。 The Danes tried to starve out the defenders
  of the fort; but the Saxons held out for a long time; alth