would　be　occupied；　and　the　whole　object　of　the　movement　be
  defeated。　　Onward　the　force　pushed；　pressing　on　through　fields　and
  lanes　without　a　single　halt；　until　at　night；　hungry　and　weary　but　full
  of　spirit；　they　marched　into　the　little　town　of　Salem；　twenty　miles
  from　their　starting…place。　　They　had　neither　wagons　nor　provisions
  with　them；　and　had　nothing　to　eat　but　some　ears　of　corn　and　green
  apples　plucked　on　the　road。
  It　was　midnight　when　they　reached　Salem；　and　the　inhabitants
  turned　out　in　blank　amazement　at　the　sight　of　Confederate　troops
  in　that　region；　and　　welcomed　the　weary　soldiers　with　the　warmest
  manifestations。　　At　daylight　they　were　again　upon　the　march；　with
  Stuart's　cavalry；　as　before；　out　upon　each　flank。　　Thoroughfare　Gap
  was　reached；　and　found　undefended；　and　after　thirty　miles'
  marching　the　exhausted　troops　reached　the　neighborhood　of
  Manassas。　　The　men　were　faint　from　want　of　food；　and　many　of
  them　limped　along　barefooted；　but　they　were　full　of　enthusiasm。
  Just　at　sunset；　Stuart；　riding　on　ahead；　captured　Bristoe；　a　station
  on　the　Orange　and　Alexandria　Railroad　four　miles　from　Manassas。
  As　they　reached　it　a　train　came　along　at　full　speed。　　It　was　fired　at；
  but　did　not　stop；　and　got　safely　through　to　Manassas。　　Two　trains
  that　followed　were　captured；　but　by　this　time　the　alarm　bad　spread；
  and　no　more　trains　arrived。　　Jackson　had　gained　his　point。　　He　had
  placed　himself　on　the　line　of　communication　of　the　enemy；　but　his
  position　was　a　dangerous　one　indeed。　　Lee；　who　was　following
  him；　was　still　far　away。　　An　army　was　marching　from
  Fredericksburg　against　him；　another　would　be　despatched　from
  Washington　as　soon　as　the　news　of　his　presence　was　known；　and
  Pope　might　turn　and　crush　him　before　Lee　could　arrive　to　his
  assistance。
  Worn　out　as　the　troops　were；　it　was　necessary　at　once　to　gain
  possession　of　Manassas；　and　the　21st　North　Carolina　and　21st
  Georgia　volunteered　for　the　service；　and；　joined　by　Stuart　with　a
  portion　of　his　cavalry；　marched　against　it。　After　a　brief　contest　the
  place　was　taken；　the　enemy　stationed　there　being　all　taken
  prisoners。　　The　amount　of　arms　and　stores　captured　was
  prodigious。　　Eight　pieces　of　artillery；　250　horses；　3　locomotives；
  and　tens　of　thousands　of　barrels　of　beef；　pork；　and　flour；　with　an
  enormous　quantity　of　public　stores　and　the　contents　of
  innumerable　sutlers'　shops。
  The　sight　of　this　vast　abundance　to　starving　men　was　tantalizing　in
  the　extreme。　　It　was　impossible　to　carry　any　of　it　away　and　all　that
  could　be　done　was　to　have　at　least　one　good　meal。　　The　troops
  therefore　were　marched　in　and　each　helped　himself　to　as　much　as
  he　could　consume；　and　the　ragged　and　barefooted　men　feasted
  upon　tinned　salmon　and　lobsters；　champagne　and　dainties　of　every
  description　forwarded　for　the　use　of　officers。　　Then　they　set　to
  work　to　pile　the　enormous　mass　of　stores　together　and　to　set　it　on
  fire。　　While　they　were　engaged　at　this　a　brigade　of　New　Jersey
  troops　which　had　come　out　from　Washington　to　save　Manassas
  was　attacked　and　utterly　routed。　　Ewell's　division　had　remained　at
  Bristoe；　while　those　of　Hill　and　Jackson　moved　to　Manassas；　and
  in　the　course　of　the　afternoon　Ewell　saw　the　whole　of　Pope's　army
  marching　against　him。
  He　held　them　in　check　for　some　hours；　and　thus　gave　the　troops　at
  Manassas　time　to　destroy　completely　the　vast　accumulation　of
  stores；　and　when　Stuart's　cavalry；　covering　the　retreat；　fell　back　at
  nightfall　through　Manassas；　nothing　but　blackened　cinders
  remained　where　the　Federal　depots　had　been　situated。　　The　blow　to
  the　Northerners　was　as　heavy　as　it　was　unexpected。　　Pope　had　no
  longer　either　provisions　for　his　men　or　forage　for　his　cattle；　and
  there　was　nothing　left　for　him　but　to　force　his　way　past　Jackson
  and　retire　upon　Washington。
  Jackson　had　now　the　option　of　falling　back　and　allowing　the
  enemy　to　pass；　or　of　withstanding　the　whole　Federal　army　with　his
  own　little　force　until　Lee　came　up　to　the　rescue。　　He　chose　the
  latter　course；　and　took　up　a　strong　position。　　The　sound　of　firing　at
  Thoroughfare　Gap　was　audible；　and　he　knew　that　Longstreet's
  division　of　Lee's　army　was　hotly　engaged　with　a　force　which；　now
  that　it　was　too　late；　bad　been　sent　to　hold　the　gorge。　　It　was　nearly
  sunset　before　Pope　brought　up　his　men　to　the　attack。　Jackson　did
  not　stand　on　the　defensive；　but　rushed　down　and　attacked　the
  enemy…whose　object　had　been　to　pass　the　position　and　press
  on…with　such　vigor　that　at　nine　o'clock　they　fell　back。
  An　hour　later　a　horseman　rode　up　with　the　news　that　Longstreet
  had　passed　the　Gap　and　was　pressing　on　at　full　speed；　and　in　the
  morning　his　forces　were　seen　approaching；　the　line　they　were
  taking　bringing　them　up　at　an　angle　to　Jackson's　position。　　Thus
  their　formation　as　they　arrived　was　that　of　an　open　V；　and　it　was
  through　the　angle　of　this　V　that　Pope　had　to　force　his　way。　　Before
  Longstreet　could　arrive；　however；　the　enemy　hurled　themselves
  upon　Jackson；　and　for　hours　the　Confederates　held　their　own
  against　the　vast　Federal　army；　Longstreet's　force　being　too　far　away
  to　lend　them　a　hand。　　Ammunition　failed；　and　the　soldiers　fought
  with　piles　of　stones；　but　night　fell　without　any　impression　being
  made　upon　these　veterans。　　General　Lee　now　came　up　with
  General　Hood's　division；　and　hurled　this　against　the　Federals　and
  drove　them　back。　　In　the　evening　Longstreet's　force　took　up　the
  position　General　Lee　had　assigned　to　it；　and　in　the　morning　all　the
  Confederate　army　had　arrived；　and　the　battle　recommenced。
  The　stuggle　was　long　and　terrible；　but　by　nightfall　every　attack　had
  been　repulsed；　and　the　Confederates；　advancing　on　all　sides；　drove
  the　Northerners；　a　broken　and　confused　crowd；　before　them；　the
  darkness　alone　saving　them　from　utter　destruction。　　Had　there　been
  but　one　hour　more　of　daylght　the　defeat　would　have　been　as
  complete　as　was　that　in　the　battle　of　Bull　Run；　which　had　been
  fought　on　precisely　the　same　ground。　　However；　under　cover　of　the
  darkness　the　Federals　retreated　to　Centreville；　whence　they　were
  driven　on　the　following　day。
  In　the　tremendous　fighting　in　which　Jackson's　command　had　for
  three　long　days　been　engaged；　the　cavalry　bore　a　comparatively
  small　part。　　The　Federal　artillery　was　too　powerful　to　permit　the
  employment　of　large　bodies　of　cavalry　and　although　from　time　to
  time　charges　were　made　when　an　opportunity　seemed　to　offer
  itself；　the　battle　was　fought　out　by　the　infantry　and　artillery。　　When
  the　end　came　Jackson's　command　was　for　a　time　hors　de　combat。
  During　the　long　two　days'　march　they　had　at　least　gathered　corn
  and　apples　to　sustain　＇ife；　but　during　these　three　days'　fighting　they
  had　had　no　food　whatever；　and　many　were　so　weak　that　they　could
  no　longer　march。
  They　had　done　all　that　was　possible　for　men　to　do；　had　for　two
  days　withstood　the　attack　of　an　enemy　of　five　times　their　numbers；
  and　had　on　the　final　day　borne　their　full　share　in　the　great　struggle；
  but　now　the　greater　part　cou＇d　do　no　more；　thousands　of　men　were
  unable　to　drag　themselves　a　step　further；　and　Lee's　army　was
  reduced　in　strength　for　the　time　by　nearly　20；000　men。　　All　these
  afterward　rejoined　it；　some　as　soon　as　they　recovered　limped　away
  to　take　their　places　in　the　ranks　again；　others　made　their　way　to　the
  depot　at　Warrenton；　where　Lee　had　ordered　that　all　unable　to
  accompany　his　force　should　rendezvous　until　he　returned　and　they
  were　able　to　rejoin　their　regiments。
  Jackson　marched　away　and　laid　siege　to　Harper's　Ferry；　an
  important　depot　garrisoned　by　11；000　men；　who　were　forced　to
  surrender　just　as　McClellan　with　a　fresh　army；　100；000　strong；
  which　was　pressing　forward　to　its　succor；　arrived　within　a　day's
  march。　　As　soon　as　Jackson　had　taken　the　place　be　hurried　away
  with　his　troops　to　join　Lee；　who　was　facing　the　enemy　at　the
  Antictam　river。　Here　upon　the　fellowing　day　another　terrible　battle
  was　fought；　the　Confederates；　though　but　39；000　strong；　repulsing
  every　attack　by　the　Federals；　and　driving　them　with　terrible
  slaughter　back　across　the　river。
  Their　own　loss；　however；　had　been　very　heavy；　and　Lee；　knowing
  that　he　could　expect　no　assistance；　while　the　enemy　were
  constantly　receiving　reinforcements；　waited　for　a　day　to　collect　his
  wounded；　bury　his　dead；　and　send　his　stores　and　artillery　to　the
  rear；　and　then　retired　unpursued　across　the　Rappahannock。　　Thus
  the　hard…fought　campaign　came　to　an　end。
  Vincent　Wingfield　was　not　with　the　army　that　retired　across　the
  Rappahannock。　　A　portion　of　the　cavalry　had　followed　the　broken
  Federals　to　the　very　edge　of　the　stream；　and　just　as　they　reined　in
  their　horses　a　round　shot　from　one　of　the　Federal　batteries　carried
  away　his　cap；　and　he　fell　as　if　dead　from　his　horse。　　During　the
  night　some　of　the　Northerners　crossed　the　stream　to　collect　and
  bring　back　their　own　wounded　who　had　fallen　near　it；　and　coming
  across　Vincent；　and　fi