第 65 节
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fireside; where she creates an atmosphere of serenity and
contentment suitable for the nurture and growth of character in
its best forms。 She is by her very constitution compassionate;
gentle; patient; and self…denying。 Loving; hopeful; trustful;
her eye sheds brightness everywhere。 It shines upon coldness
and warms it; upon suffering and relieves it; upon sorrow
and cheers it:
〃Her silver flow
Of subtle…paced counsel in distress;
Right to the heart and brain; though undescried;
Winning its way with extreme gentleness
Through all the outworks of suspicion's pride。〃
Woman has been styled 〃the angel of the unfortunate。〃 She is
ready to help the weak; to raise the fallen; to comfort the
suffering。 It was characteristic of woman; that she should have
been the first to build and endow an hospital。 It has been said
that wherever a human being is in suffering; his sighs call a
woman to his side。 When Mungo Park; lonely; friendless; and
famished; after being driven forth from an African village by
the men; was preparing to spend the night under a tree; exposed
to the rain and the wild beasts which there abounded; a poor
negro woman; returning from the labours of the field; took
compassion upon him; conducted him into her hut; and there
gave him food; succour; and shelter。 (1)
But while the most characteristic qualities of woman are displayed
through her sympathies and affections; it is also necessary for
her own happiness; as a self…dependent being; to develope and
strengthen her character; by due self…culture; self…reliance; and
self…control。 It is not desirable; even were it possible; to
close the beautiful avenues of the heart。 Self…reliance of the
best kind does not involve any limitation in the range of human
sympathy。 But the happiness of woman; as of man; depends in a
great measure upon her individual completeness of character。 And
that self…dependence which springs from the due cultivation of the
intellectual powers; conjoined with a proper discipline of the
heart and conscience; will enable her to be more useful in life as
well as happy; to dispense blessings intelligently as well as to
enjoy them; and most of all those which spring from mutual
dependence and social sympathy。
To maintain a high standard of purity in society; the culture of
both sexes must be in harmony; and keep equal pace。 A pure
womanhood must be accompanied by a pure manhood。 The same moral
law applies alike to both。 It would be loosening the foundations
of virtue; to countenance the notion that because of a difference
in sex; man were at liberty to set morality at defiance; and to do
that with impunity; which; if done by a woman; would stain her
character for life。 To maintain a pure and virtuous condition of
society; therefore; man as well as woman must be pure and
virtuous; both alike shunning all acts impinging on the heart;
character; and conscienceshunning them as poison; which;
once imbibed; can never be entirely thrown out again; but
mentally embitters; to a greater or less extent; the happiness
of after…life。
And here we would venture to touch upon a delicate topic。 Though
it is one of universal and engrossing human interest; the moralist
avoids it; the educator shuns it; and parents taboo it。 It is
almost considered indelicate to refer to Love as between the
sexes; and young persons are left to gather their only notions of
it from the impossible love…stories that fill the shelves of
circulating libraries。 This strong and absorbing feeling; this
BESOIN D'AIMERwhich nature has for wise purposes made so strong
in woman that it colours her whole life and history; though it may
form but an episode in the life of manis usually left to follow
its own inclinations; and to grow up for the most part unchecked;
without any guidance or direction whatever。
Although nature spurns all formal rules and directions in affairs
of love; it might at all events be possible to implant in young
minds such views of Character as should enable them to
discriminate between the true and the false; and to accustom them
to hold in esteem those qualities of moral purity and integrity;
without which life is but a scene of folly and misery。 It may not
be possible to teach young people to love wisely; but they may at
least be guarded by parental advice against the frivolous and
despicable passions which so often usurp its name。 〃Love;〃 it has
been said; 〃in the common acceptation of the term; is folly; but
love; in its purity; its loftiness; its unselfishness; is not only
a consequence; but a proof; of our moral excellence。 The
sensibility to moral beauty; the forgetfulness of self in the
admiration engendered by it; all prove its claim to a high moral
influence。 It is the triumph of the unselfish over the selfish
part of our nature。〃
It is by means of this divine passion that the world is kept ever
fresh and young。 It is the perpetual melody of humanity。 It
sheds an effulgence upon youth; and throws a halo round age。 It
glorifies the present by the light it casts backward; and it
lightens the future by the beams it casts forward。 The love which
is the outcome of esteem and admiration; has an elevating and
purifying effect on the character。 It tends to emancipate one
from the slavery of self。 It is altogether unsordid; itself is
its only price。 It inspires gentleness; sympathy; mutual faith;
and confidence。 True love also in a measure elevates the
intellect。 〃All love renders wise in a degree;〃 says the poet
Browning; and the most gifted minds have been the sincerest
lovers。 Great souls make all affections great; they elevate and
consecrate all true delights。 The sentiment even brings to light
qualities before lying dormant and unsuspected。 It elevates the
aspirations; expands the soul; and stimulates the mental powers。
One of the finest compliments ever paid to a woman was that of
Steele; when he said of Lady Elizabeth Hastings; 〃that to have
loved her was a liberal education。〃 Viewed in this light; woman
is an educator in the highest sense; because; above all other
educators; she educates humanly and lovingly。
It has been said that no man and no woman can be regarded as
complete in their experience of life; until they have been subdued
into union with the world through their affections。 As woman is
not woman until she has known love; neither is man man。 Both are
requisite to each other's completeness。 Plato entertained the
idea that lovers each sought a likeness in the other; and that
love was only the divorced half of the original human being
entering into union with its counterpart。 But philosophy would
here seem to be at fault; for affection quite as often springs
from unlikeness as from likeness in its object。
The true union must needs be one of mind as well as of heart; and
based on mutual esteem as well as mutual affection。 〃No true and
enduring love;〃 says Fichte; 〃can exist without esteem ; every
other draws regret after it; and is unworthy of any noble human
soul。〃 One cannot really love the bad; but always something that
we esteem and respect as well as admire。 In short; true union
must rest on qualities of character; which rule in domestic as in
public life。
But there is something far more than mere respect and esteem in
the union between man and wife。 The feeling on which it rests
is far deeper and tenderersuch; indeed; as never exists
between men or between women。 〃In matters of affection;〃 says
Nathaniel Hawthorne; 〃there is always an impassable gulf between
man and man。 They can never quite grasp each other's hands;
and therefore man never derives any intimate help; any
heart…sustenance; from his brother man; but from womanhis
mother; his sister; or his wife。〃 (2)
Man enters a new world of joy; and sympathy; and human interest;
through the porch of love。 He enters a new world in his home
the home of his own makingaltogether different from the home of
his boyhood; where each day brings with it a succession of new
joys and experiences。 He enters also; it may be; a new world of
trials and sorrows; in which he often gathers his best culture and
discipline。 〃Family life;〃 says Sainte…Beuve; 〃may be full of
thorns and cares; but they are fruitful: all others are dry
thorns。〃 And again: 〃If a man's home; at a certain period of
life; does not contain children; it will probably be found filled
with follies or with vices。〃 (3)
A life exclusively occupied in affairs of business insensibly
tends to narrow and harden the character。 It is mainly occupied
with self…watching for advantages; and guarding against sharp
practice on the part of others。 Thus the character unconsciously
tends to grow suspicious and ungenerous。 The best corrective of
such influences is always the domestic; by withdrawing the