but　influenced　entirely　by　a　spirit　of　honour；　of　regard　for　the
  memory　of　the　illustrious　dead。
  NOTES
  （1）　'Social　Statics；'　p。　　185。
  （2）　〃In　all　cases；〃　says　Jeremy　Bentham；　〃when　the　power　of　the　will
  can　be　exercised　over　the　thoughts；　let　those　thoughts　be　directed
  towards　happiness。　　Look　out　for　the　bright；　for　the　brightest
  side　of　things；　and　keep　your　face　constantly　turned　to　it。。。。　　A
  large　part　of　existence　is　necessarily　passed　in　inaction。　　By　day
  （to　take　an　instance　from　the　thousand　in　constant　recurrence）；
  when　in　attendance　on　others；　and　time　is　lost　by　being　kept
  waiting；　by　night　when　sleep　is　unwilling　to　close　the　eyelids；
  the　economy　of　happiness　recommends　the　occupation　of　pleasurable
  thought。　　In　walking　abroad；　or　in　resting　at　home；　the　mind
  cannot　be　vacant；　its　thoughts　may　be　useful；　useless；　or
  pernicious　to　happiness。　　Direct　them　aright；　the　habit　of　happy
  thought　will　spring　up　like　any　other　habit。〃
  DEONTOLOGY；　ii。　105…6。
  （3）　The　following　extract　from　a　letter　of　M。　Boyd；　Esq。；　is　given　by
  Earl　Stanhope　in　his　'Miscellanies'：…　〃There　was　a　circumstance
  told　me　by　the　late　Mr。　Christmas；　who　for　many　years　held　an
  important　official　situation　in　the　Bank　of　England。　　He　was；　I
  believe；　in　early　life　a　clerk　in　the　Treasury；　or　one　of　the
  government　offices；　and　for　some　time　acted　for　Mr。　Pitt　as　his
  confidential　clerk；　or　temporary　private　secretary。　　Christmas　was
  one　of　the　most　obliging　men　I　ever　knew；　and；　from　the；　position
  he　occupied；　was　constantly　exposed　to　interruptions；　yet　I　never
  saw　his　temper　in　the　least　ruffled。　　One　day　I　found　him　more
  than　usually　engaged；　having　a　mass　of　accounts　to　prepare　for　one
  of　the　law…courtsstill　the　same　equanimity；　and　I　could　not
  resist　the　opportunity　of　asking　the　old　gentleman　the　secret。
  'Well；　Mr。　Boyd；　you　shall　know　it。　　Mr。　Pitt　gave　it　to　me：
  NOT　TO　LOSE　MY　TEMPER；　IF　POSSIBLE；　AT　ANY　TIME；　AND　NEVER
  DURING　THE　HOURS　OF　BUSINESS。　　My　labours　here　（Bank　of　England）
  commence　at　nine　and　end　at　three；　and；　acting　on　the　advice
  of　the　illustrious　statesman；　I　NEVER　LOSE　MY　TEMPER　DURING
  THOSE　HOURS。'〃
  （4）　'Strafford　Papers；'　i。　87。
  （5）　Jared　Sparks'　'Life　of　Washington；'　pp。　7；　534。
  （6）　Brialmont's　'Life　of　Wellington。'
  （7）　Professor　Tyndall；　on　'Faraday　as　a　Discoverer；'　p。　156。
  （8）　'Life　of　Perthes；'　ii。　216。
  （9）　Lady　Elizabeth　Carew。
  （10）　Francis　Horner；　in　one　of　his　letters；　says：　〃It　is　among　the　very
  sincere　and　zealous　friends　of　liberty　that　you　will　find　the　most
  perfect　specimens　of　wrongheadedness；　men　of　a　dissenting；
  provincial　cast　of　virtuewho　（according　to　one　of　Sharpe's
  favourite　phrases）　WILL　drive　a　wedge　the　broad　end　foremost
  utter　strangers　to　all　moderation　in　political　business。〃
  Francis　Horner's　LIFE　AND　CORRESPONDENCE　（1843）；　ii。　133。
  （11）　Professor　Tyndall　on　'Faraday　as　a　Discoverer；'　pp。　40…1。
  （12）　Yet　Burke　himself；　though　capable　of　giving　Barry　such　excellent
  advice；　was　by　no　means　immaculate　as　regarded　his　own　temper。
  When　he　lay　ill　at　Beaconsfield；　Fox；　from　whom　he　had　become
  separated　by　political　differences　arising　out　of　the　French
  Revolution；　went　down　to　see　his　old　friend。　　But　Burke　would　not
  grant　him　an　interview；　he　positively　refused　to　see　him。　　On　his
  return　to　town；　Fox　told　his　friend　Coke　the　result　of　his
  journey；　and　when　Coke　lamented　Burke's　obstinacy；　Fox　only
  replied；　goodnaturedly：　〃Ah！　never　mind；　Tom；　I　always　find　every
  Irishman　has　got　a　piece　of　potato　in　his　head。〃　　Yet　Fox；　with
  his　usual　generosity；　when　he　heard　of　Burke's　impending　death；
  wrote　a　most　kind　and　cordial　letter　to　Mrs。　Burke；　expressive　of
  his　grief　and　sympathy；　and　when　Burke　was　no　more；　Fox　was　the
  first　to　propose　that　he　should　be　interred　with　public　honours　in
  Westminster　Abbeywhich　only　Burke's　own　express　wish；　that　he
  should　be　buried　at　Beaconsfield；　prevented　being　carried　out。
  （13）　When　Curran；　the　Irish　barrister；　visited　Burns's　cabin　in　1810；
  he　found　it　converted　into　a　public　house；　and　the　landlord　who
  showed　it　was　drunk。　　〃There；〃　said　he；　pointing　to　a　corner　on
  one　side　of　the　fire；　with　a　most　MALAPROPOS　laugh…〃there　is　the
  very　spot　where　Robert　Burns　was　born。〃　　〃The　genius　and　the　fate
  of　the　man；〃　says　Curran；　〃were　already　heavy　on　my　heart；　but　the
  drunken　laugh　of　the　landlord　gave　me　such　a　view　of　the　rock　on
  which　he　had　foundered；　that　I　could　not　stand　it；　but　burst
  into　tears。〃
  （14）　The　chaplain　of　Horsemongerlane　Gaol；　in　his　annual　report　to
  the　Surrey　justices；　thus　states　the　result　of　his　careful　study　of
  the　causes　of　dishonesty：　〃From　my　experience　of　predatory　crime；
  founded　upon　careful　study　of　the　character　of　a　great　variety　of
  prisoners；　I　conclude　that　habitual　dishonesty　is　to　be　referred
  neither　to　ignorance；　nor　to　drunkenness；　nor　to　poverty；　nor　to
  overcrowding　in　towns；　nor　to　temptation　from　surrounding　wealth
  nor；　indeed；　to　any　one　of　the　many　indirect　causes　to　which　it　is
  sometimes　referredbut　mainly　TO　A　DISPOSITION　TO　ACQUIRE
  PROPERTY　WITH　A　LESS　DEGREE　OF　LABOUR　THAN　ORDINARY　INDUSTRY。〃
  The　italics　are　the　author's。
  （15）　S。　C。　Hall's　'Memories。'
  （16）　Moore's　'Life　of　Byron；'　8vo。　Ed。；　p。　182。
  （17）　Captain　Basil　Hall　records　the　following　conversation　with　Scott：…
  〃It　occurs　to　me；〃　I　observed；　〃that　people　are　apt　to　make　too
  much　fuss　about　the　loss　of　fortune；　which　is　one　of　the　smallest
  of　the　great　evils　of　life；　and　ought　to　be　among　the　most
  tolerable。〃〃Do　you　call　it　a　small　misfortune　to　be　ruined　in
  money…matters？〃　he　asked。　　〃It　is　not　so　painful；　at　all　events；
  as　the　loss　of　friends。〃〃I　grant　that；〃　he　said。　　〃As　the　loss
  of　character？〃〃True　again。〃　　〃As　the　loss　of　health？〃〃Ay；
  there　you　have　me；〃　he　muttered　to　himself；　in　a　tone　so
  melancholy　that　I　wished　I　had　not　spoken。　　〃What　is　the　loss　of
  fortune　to　the　loss　of　peace　of　mind？〃　I　continued。　　〃In　short；〃
  said　he；　playfully；　〃you　will　make　it　out　that　there　is　no　harm　in
  a　man's　being　plunged　over…head…and…ears　in　a　debt　he　cannot
  remove。〃　　〃Much　depends；　I　think；　on　how　it　was　incurred；　and　what
  efforts　are　made　to　redeem　itat　least；　if　the　sufferer　be　a
  rightminded　man。〃　　〃I　hope　it　does；〃　he　said；　cheerfully　and
  firmly。FRAGMENTS　OF　VOYAGES　AND　TRAVELS；　3rd　series；　pp。　308…9。
  （18）　〃These　battles；〃　he　wrote　in　his　Diary；　〃have　been　the　death　of
  many　a　man；　I　think　they　will　be　mine。〃
  （19）　Scott's　Diary；　December　17th；　1827。
  CHAPTER　VII。DUTYTRUTHFULNESS。
  〃I　slept；　and　dreamt　that　life　was　Beauty；
  I　woke；　and　found　that　life　was　Duty。〃
  〃Duty！　wondrous　thought；　that　workest　neither　by　fond　insinuation；
  flattery；　nor　by　any　threat；　but　merely　by　holding　up　thy　naked
  law　in　the　soul；　and　so　extorting　for　thyself　always　reverence；　if
  not　always　obedience；　before　whom　all　appetites　are　dumb；　however
  secretly　they　rebel〃KANT。
  〃How　happy　is　he　born　and　taught；
  That　serveth　not　another's　will！
  Whose　armour　is　his　honest　thought；
  And　simple　truth　his　utmost　skill！
  〃Whose　passions　not　his　masters　are；
  Whose　soul　is　still　prepared　for　death；
  Unti'd　unto　the　world　by　care
  Of　public　fame；　or　private　breath。
  〃This　man　is　freed　from　servile　bands；
  Of　hope　to　rise；　or　fear　to　fall：
  Lord　of　himself；　though　not　of　land；
  And　having　nothing；　yet　hath　all。〃WOTTON。
  〃His　nay　was　nay　without　recall；
  His　yea　was　yea；　and　powerful　all；
  He　gave　his　yea　with　careful　heed；
  His　thoughts　and　words　were　well　agreed；
  His　word；　his　bond　and　seal。〃
  INSCRIPTION　ON　BARON　STEIN'S　TOMB。
  DUTY　is　a　thing　that　is　due；　and　must　be　paid　by　every　man　who
  would　avoid　present　discredit　and　eventual　moral　insolvency。　　It
  is　an　obligationa　debtwhich　can　only　be　discharged　by
  voluntary　effort　and　resolute　action　in　the　affairs　of　life。
  Duty　embraces　man's　whole　existence。　　It　begins　in　the　home；　where
  there　is　the　duty　which　children　owe　to　their　parents　on　the　one
  hand；　and　the　duty　which　parents　owe　to　their　children　on　the
  other。　　There　are；　in　like　manner；　the　respective　duties　of
  husbands　and　wives；　of　masters　and　servants；　while　outside　the
  home　there　are　the　duties　which　men　and　women　owe　to　each　other　as
  friends　and　neighbours；　as　employers　and　employed；　as　governors
  and　governed。
  〃Render；　therefore；〃　says　St。　Paul；　〃to　all　their　dues：　tribute　to
  whom　tribute　is　due；　custom　to　whom　custom；　fear　to　whom　fear；
  honour　to　whom　honour。　　Owe　no　man　anything；　but　to　love　one
  another；　for　he　that　loveth　another　hath　fulfilled　the　law；〃
  Thus　duty　rounds　the　whole　of　life；　from　our　entrance　into　it
  until　o