for　a　party　who　were　getting　their　kit　together；　and　I　discovered　how　difficult　it　was　to　get　up　again　and　stretch　one's　legs。　After　this　personal　experience；　whenever　I　saw　any　one　else　seated　in　slack　and　lazy　mood；　I　tried　to　spur　him　on。　The　mere　movement　and　effort　to　play　the　man　caused　warmth　and　moisture；　whereas　it　was　plain　that　sitting　down　and　keeping　quiet　helped　the　blood　to　freeze　and　the　toes　to　mortify；　calamities　which　really　befell　several　of　the　men；　as　you　yourselves　are　aware。
  〃I　can　imagine　a　third　case；　that　of　some　straggler　stopping　behind；　merely　to　rest　for　rest's　sake；　and　hindering　you　in　front　and　us　behind　alike　from　pressing　on　the　march。　If　he　got　a　blow　with　the　fist　from　me　it　saved　him　a　thrust　with　the　lance　from　the　enemy。　In　fact；　the　opportunity　they　enjoy　to…day　of　taking　vengeance　on　me　for　any　treatment　which　I　put　upon　them　wrongfully；　is　derived　from　their　salvation　then；　whereas；　if　they　had　fallen　into　the　enemy's　hands；　let　them　ask　themselves　for　what　outrage；　however　great；　they　could　expect　to　get　satisfaction　now。　My　defence；〃　he　continued；　〃is　simple：　if　I　chastised　any　one　for　his　own　good；　I　claim　to　suffer　the　same　penalties　as　parents　pay　their　children　or　masters　their　boys。　Does　not　the　surgeon　also　cauterise　and　cut　us　for　our　good？　But　if　you　really　believe　that　these　acts　are　the　outcome　of　wanton　insolence；　I　beg　you　to　observe　that　although　to…day；　thank　God！　I　am　heartier　than　formerly；　I　wear　a　bolder　front　now　than　then；　and　I　drink　more　wine；　yet　I　never　strike　a　soul；　no；　for　I　see　that　you　have　reached　smooth　water。　When　storm　arises；　and　a　great　sea　strikes　the　vessel　amidships；　a　mere　shake　of　the　head　will　make　the　look…out　man　furious　with　the　crew　in　the　forecastle；　or　the　helmsman　with　the　men　in　the　stern　sheets；　for　at　such　a　crisis　even　a　slight　slip　may　ruin　everything。　But　I　appeal　to　your　own　verdict；　already　recorded；　in　　　　　　21　proof　that　I　was　justified　in　striking　these　men。　You　stood　by；　sirs；　with　swords；　not　voting　tablets；　in　your　hands；　and　it　was　in　your　power　to　aid　the　fellows　if　you　liked；　but；　to　speak　the　honest　truth；　you　neither　aided　them　nor　did　you　join　me　in　striking　the　disorderly。　In　other　words；　you　enabled　any　evilly…disposed　person　among　them　to　give　rein　to　his　wantonness　by　your　passivity。　For　if　you　will　be　at　pains　to　investigate；　you　will　find　that　those　who　were　then　most　cowardly　are　the　ringleaders　to…day　in　brutality　and　outrage。
  〃There　is　Boiscus　the　boxer；　a　Thessalian；　what　a　battle　he　fought　then　to　escape　carrying　his　shield！　so　tired　was　he；　and　to…day　I　am　told　he　has　stripped　several　citizens　of　Cotyora　of　the　clothes　on　their　backs。　If　then　you　are　wise；　you　will　treat　this　personage　in　a　way　the　contrary　to　that　in　which　men　treat　dogs。　A　savage　dog　is　tied　up　on　the　day　and　loosed　at　night；　but　if　you　are　wise　you　will　tie　this　fellow　up　at　night　and　only　let　him　loose　in　the　day。
  〃But　really；〃　he　added；　〃it　does　surprise　me　with　what　keenness　you　remember　and　recount　the　times　when　I　incurred　the　hatred　of　some　one；　but　some　other　occasions　when　I　eased　the　burden　of　winter　and　storm　for　any　of　you；　or　beat　off　an　enemy；　or　helped　to　minister　to　you　in　sickness　and　want；　not　a　soul　of　you　remembers　these。　Or　when　for　any　noble　deed　done　by　any　of　you　I　praised　the　doer；　and　according　to　my　ability　did　honour　to　this　brave　man　or　that；　these　things　have　slipped　from　your　memories；　and　are　clean　forgotten。　Yet　it　were　surely　more　noble；　just；　and　holy；　sweeter　and　kindlier　to　treasure　the　memory　of　good　rather　than　of　evil。〃
  He　ended；　and　then　one　after　another　of　the　assembly　got　up　and　began　recalling　incidents　of　the　kind　suggested；　and　things　ended　not　so　unpleasantly　after　all。
  BOOK　VI
  I
  After　this；　whilst　waiting；　they　lived　partly　on　supplies　from　the　　　　　　1　market；　partly　on　the　fruit　of　raids　into　Paphlagonia。　The　Paphlagonians；　on　their　side；　showed　much　skill　in　kidnapping　stragglers；　wherever　they　could　lay　hands　on　them；　and　in　the　night　time　tried　to　do　mischief　to　those　whose　quarters　were　at　a　distance　from　the　camp。　The　result　was　that　their　relations　to　one　another　were　exceedingly　hostile；　so　much　so　that　Corylas；　who　was　the　chief　of　Paphlagonia　at　that　date；　sent　ambassadors　to　the　Hellenes；　bearing　horses　and　fine　apparel；　and　charged　with　a　proposal　on　the　part　of　Corylas　to　make　terms　with　the　Hellenes　on　the　principle　of　mutual　forbearance　from　injuries。　The　generals　replied　that　they　would　consult　with　the　army　about　the　matter。　Meanwhile　they　gave　them　a　hospitable　reception；　to　which　they　invited　certain　members　of　the　army　whose　claims　were　obvious。　They　sacrificed　some　of　the　captive　cattle　and　other　sacrificial　beasts；　and　with　these　they　furnished　forth　a　sufficiently　festal　entertainment；　and　reclining　on　their　truckle　beds；　fell　to　eating　and　drinking　out　of　beakers　made　of　horn　which　they　happened　to　find　in　the　country。
  But　as　soon　as　the　libation　was　ended　and　they　had　sung　the　hymn；　up　got　first　some　Thracians；　who　performed　a　dance　under　arms　to　the　sound　of　a　pipe；　leaping　high　into　the　air　with　much　nimbleness；　and　brandishing　their　swords；　till　at　last　one　man　struck　his　fellow；　and　every　one　thought　he　was　really　wounded；　so　skilfully　and　artistically　　6　did　he　fall；　and　the　Paphlagonians　screamed　out。　Then　he　that　gave　the　blow　stripped　the　other　of　his　arms；　and　marched　off　chanting　the　〃Sitalcas＇1＇；〃　whilst　others　of　the　Thracians　bore　off　the　other；　who　lay　as　if　dead；　though　he　had　not　received　even　a　scratch。
  ＇1＇　I。e。　the　national　Thracian　hymn；　for　Sitalcas　the　king；　a　national　　　　　hero；　see　Thuc。　ii。　29。
  After　this　some　Aenianians＇2＇　and　Magnesians　got　up　and　fell　to　dancing　the　Carpaea；　as　it　is　called；　under　arms。　This　was　the　manner　of　the　dance：　one　man　lays　aside　his　arms　and　proceeds　to　drive　a　yoke　of　oxen；　and　while　he　drives　he　sows；　turning　him　about　frequently；　as　though　he　were　afraid　of　something；　up　comes　a　cattle…lifter；　and　no　sooner　does　the　ploughman　catch　sight　of　him　afar；　than　he　snatches　up　his　arms　and　confronts　him。　They　fight　in　front　of　his　team；　and　all　in　rhythm　to　the　sound　of　the　pipe。　At　last　the　robber　binds　the　countryman　and　drives　off　the　team。　Or　sometimes　the　cattle…driver　binds　the　robber；　and　then　he　puts　him　under　the　yoke　beside　the　oxen；　with　his　two　hands　tied　behind　his　back；　and　off　he　drives。
  ＇2＇　The　Aenianians；　an　Aeolian　people　inhabiting　the　upper　valley　of　　　　　the　Sperchius　（the　ancient　Phthia）；　their　capital　was　Hypata。　　　　　These　men　belonged　to　the　army　collected　by　Menon；　the　Thessalian。　　　　　So；　doubtless；　did　the　Magnesians；　another　Aeolian　tribe　occupying　　　　　the　mountainous　coast　district　on　the　east　of　Thessaly。　See　　　　　Kiepert's　〃Man。　Anct。　Geog。〃　（Macmillan's　tr。）；　chap。　vi。。　161；　　　　　170。
  After　this　a　Mysian　came　in　with　a　light　shield　in　either　hand　and　danced；　at　one　time　going　through　a　pantomime；　as　if　he　were　dealing　with　two　assailants　at　once；　at　another　plying　his　shields　as　if　to　face　a　single　foe；　and　then　again　he　would　whirl　about　and　throw　somersaults；　keeping　the　shields　in　his　hands；　so　that　it　was　a　beautiful　spectacle。　Last　of　all　he　danced　the　Persian　dance；　clashing　the　shields　together；　crouching　down　on　one　knee　and　springing　up　again　from　earth；　and　all　this　he　did　in　measured　time　to　the　sound　of　the　flute。　After　him　the　Mantineans　stepped　upon　the　stage；　and　some　other　Arcadians　also　stood　up；　they　had　accoutred　themselves　in　all　their　warlike　finery。　They　marched　with　measured　tread；　pipes　playing；　to　the　tune　of　the　'warrior's　march＇3＇'；　the　notes　of　the　paean　rose；　　　11　lightly　their　limbs　moved　in　dance；　as　in　solemn　procession　to　the　holy　gods。　The　Paphlagonians　looked　upon　it　as　something　truly　strange　that　all　these　dances　should　be　under　arms；　and　the　Mysians；　seeing　their　astonishment　persuaded　one　of　the　Arcadians　who　had　got　a　dancing　girl　to　let　him　introduce　her；　which　he　did　after　dressing　her　up　magnificently　and　giving　her　a　light　shield。　When；　lithe　of　limb；　she　danced　the　Pyrrhic＇4＇；　loud　clapping　followed；　and　the　Paphlagonians　asked；　〃If　these　women　fought　by　their　side　in　battle？〃　to　which　they　answered；　〃To　be　sure；　it　was　the　women　who　routed　the　great　King；　and　drove　him　out　of　camp。〃　So　ended　the　night。
  ＇3＇　See　Plato；　〃Rep。〃　400　B；　for　this　〃war　measure〃；　also　Aristoph。　　　　　〃Clouds；〃　653。
  ＇4＇　For　this　famous　dance；　supposed　to　be　of　Doric　（Cretan　or　Spartan）　　　　　origin；　see　Smith's　〃Dict。　of　Antiquities；〃　〃Saltatio〃；　also　Guhl　　　　　and　Koner；　〃The　Life　of　the　Greeks　and　Romans；〃　Eng。　tr。
  But　next　day　the　generals　introduced　the　embassy　to　the　army；　and　the　soldiers　passed　a　resolution　in　the　sense　proposed：　between　themselves　and　the　Paphlagonians　there　was　to　be　a　mutual　abstinence　from　injuries。　After　this　the　ambassadors　went　on　their　way；　and　the　Hellenes；　as　soon　as　it　was　thought　that　sufficient　vessels　had　arrived；　went　on　board　ship；　and　voyaged　a　day　and　a　night　with　a　fair　breeze；　keeping　Paphlagonia　on　their　left。　And　on　the　following　day；　arriving　at　Sinope；　they　came　to　moorings　in　the　harbour　of　Harmene；　near　Sinope＇5＇。　The　Sinopeans；　though　inhabitants　of　Paphlagonia；　are　really　colonists