第 1 节
作者:
恐龙王 更新:2022-07-12 16:21 字数:9322
Tales of Troy
Tales of Troy
by Andrew Lang
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Tales of Troy
THE BOYHOOD AND PARENTS
OF ULYSSES
Long ago; in a little island called Ithaca; on the west coast of Greece;
there lived a king named Laertes。 His kingdom was small and
mountainous。 People used to say that Ithaca 〃lay like a shield upon the
sea;〃 which sounds as if it were a flat country。 But in those times shields
were very large; and rose at the middle into two peaks with a hollow
between them; so that Ithaca; seen far off in the sea; with her two chief
mountain peaks; and a cloven valley between them; looked exactly like a
shield。 The country was so rough that men kept no horses; for; at that
time; people drove; standing up in little light chariots with two horses;
they never rode; and there was no cavalry in battle: men fought from
chariots。 When Ulysses; the son of Laertes; King of Ithaca grew up; he
never fought from a chariot; for he had none; but always on foot。
If there were no horses in Ithaca; there was plenty of cattle。 The
father of Ulysses had flocks of sheep; and herds of swine; and wild goats;
deer; and hares lived in the hills and in the plains。 The sea was full of
fish of many sorts; which men caught with nets; and with rod and line and
hook。
Thus Ithaca was a good island to live in。 The summer was long; and
there was hardly any winter; only a few cold weeks; and then the swallows
came back; and the plains were like a garden; all covered with wild
flowersviolets; lilies; narcissus; and roses。 With the blue sky and the
blue sea; the island was beautiful。 White temples stood on the shores;
and the Nymphs; a sort of fairies; had their little shrines built of stone;
with wild rose…bushes hanging over them。
Other islands lay within sight; crowned with mountains; stretching
away; one behind the other; into the sunset。 Ulysses in the course of his
life saw many rich countries; and great cities of men; but; wherever he was;
his heart was always in the little isle of Ithaca; where he had learned how
to row; and how to sail a boat; and how to shoot with bow and arrow; and
to hunt boars and stags; and manage his hounds。
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Tales of Troy
The mother of Ulysses was called Anticleia: she was the daughter of
King Autolycus; who lived near Parnassus; a mountain on the mainland。
This King Autolycus was the most cunning of men。 He was a Master
Thief; and could steal a man's pillow from under his head; but he does not
seem to have been thought worse of for this。 The Greeks had a God of
Thieves; named Hermes; whom Autolycus worshipped; and people
thought more good of his cunning tricks than harm of his dishonesty。
Perhaps these tricks of his were only practised for amusement; however
that may be; Ulysses became as artful as his grandfather; he was both the
bravest and the most cunning of men; but Ulysses never stole things;
except once; as we shall hear; from the enemy in time of war。 He showed
his cunning in stratagems of war; and in many strange escapes from giants
and man…eaters。
Soon after Ulysses was born; his grandfather came to see his mother
and father in Ithaca。 He was sitting at supper when the nurse of Ulysses;
whose name was Eurycleia; brought in the baby; and set him on the knees
of Autolycus; saying; 〃Find a name for your grandson; for he is a child of
many prayers。〃
〃I am very angry with many men and women in the world;〃 said
Autolycus; 〃so let the child's name be A MAN OF WRATH;〃 which; in
Greek; was Odysseus。 So the child was called Odysseus by his own
people; but the name was changed into Ulysses; and we shall call him
Ulysses。
We do not know much about Ulysses when he was a little boy; except
that he used to run about the garden with his father; asking questions; and
begging that he might have fruit trees 〃for his very own。〃 He was a great
pet; for his parents had no other son; so his father gave him thirteen pear
trees; and forty fig trees; and promised him fifty rows of vines; all covered
with grapes; which he could eat when he liked; without asking leave of the
gardener。 So he was not tempted to steal fruit; like his grandfather。
When Autolycus gave Ulysses his name; he said that he must come to
stay with him; when he was a big boy; and he would get splendid presents。
Ulysses was told about this; so; when he was a tall lad; he crossed the sea
and drove in his chariot to the old man's house on Mount Parnassus。
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Tales of Troy
Everybody welcomed him; and next day his uncles and cousins and he
went out to hunt a fierce wild boar; early in the morning。 Probably
Ulysses took his own dog; named Argos; the best of hounds; of which we
shall hear again; long afterwards; for the dog lived to be very old。 Soon
the hounds came on the scent of a wild boar; and after them the men went;
with spears in their hands; and Ulysses ran foremost; for he was already
the swiftest runner in Greece。
He came on a great boar lying in a tangled thicket of boughs and
bracken; a dark place where the sun never shone; nor could the rain pierce
through。 Then the noise of the men's shouts and the barking of the dogs
awakened the boar; and up he sprang; bristling all over his back; and with
fire shining from his eyes。 In rushed Ulysses first of all; with his spear
raised to strike; but the boar was too quick for him; and ran in; and drove
his sharp tusk sideways; ripping up the thigh of Ulysses。 But the boar's
tusk missed the bone; and Ulysses sent his sharp spear into the beast's
right shoulder; and the spear went clean through; and the boar fell dead;
with a loud cry。 The uncles of Ulysses bound up his wound carefully;
and sang a magical song over it; as the French soldiers wanted to do to
Joan of Arc when the arrow pierced her shoulder at the siege of Orleans。
Then the blood ceased to flow; and soon Ulysses was quite healed of his
wound。 They thought that he would be a good warrior; and gave him
splendid presents; and when he went home again he told all that had
happened to his father and mother; and his nurse; Eurycleia。 But there
was always a long white mark or scar above his left knee; and about that
scar we shall hear again; many years afterwards。
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HOW PEOPLE LIVED IN THE
TIME OF ULYSSES
When Ulysses was a young man he wished to marry a princess of his
own rank。 Now there were at that time many kings in Greece; and you
must be told how they lived。 Each king had his own little kingdom; with
his chief town; walled with huge walls of enormous stone。 Many of
these walls are still standing; though the grass has grown over the ruins of
most of them; and in later years; men believed that those walls must have
been built by giants; the stones are so enormous。 Each king had nobles
under him; rich men; and all had their palaces; each with its courtyard; and
its long hall; where the fire burned in the midst; and the King and Queen
sat beside it on high thrones; between the four chief carved pillars that
held up the roof。 The thrones were made of cedar wood and ivory; inlaid
with gold; and there were many other chairs and small tables for guests;
and the walls and doors were covered with bronze plates; and gold and
silver; and sheets of blue glass。 Sometimes they were painted with pictures
of bull hunts; and a few of these pictures may still be seen。 At night
torch