nt　work；　but　the　dead　weight　and　selfish　blinkerdom　of　the　Catholic　organization　has　hampered　him　to　that　degree　that　he　has　been　unable　to　get　justice　done　to　his　liberalizing　designsor；　perhaps；　even　to　reveal　the　full　extent　of　them。　And　the　same　difficulty　will　remain。　On　the　one　hand　no　spiritual　movement　which　does　not　take　up　the　attitude　of　a　World…religion　has　now　in　this　age；　any　chance　of　success；　on　the　other；　all　the　existing　Churcheswhether　Roman　Catholic；　or　Greek；　or　Protestant　or　Secularistwhether　Christian　or　Jewish　or　Persian　or　Hinduwill　in　all　probability　adopt　the　same　blind　and　blinkered　and　selfish　attitude　as　that　described　above；　and　so　disqualify　themselves　for　the　great　role　of　world…wide　emancipation；　which　some　religion　at　some　time　will　certainly　have　to　play。　It　is　the　same　difficulty　which　is　looming　large　in　modern　World…politics；　where　the　local　selfishness　and　vainglorious　〃patriotisms〃　of　the　Nations　are　sadly　impeding　and　obstructing　the　development　of　that　sense　of　Internationalism　and　Brotherhood　which　is　the　clearly　indicated　form　of　the　future；　and　which　alone　can　give　each　nation　deliverance　from　fear；　and　a　promise　of　growth；　and　the　confident　assurance　of　power。
  I　say　that　Christianity　must　either　frankly　adopt　this　generous　attitude　and　confess　itself　a　branch　of　the　great　World…religion；　anxious　only　to　do　honor　to　its　source　or　else　it　must　perish　and　pass　away。　There　is　no　other　alternative。　The　hour　of　its　Exodus　has　come。　It　may　be；　of　course；　that　neither　the　Christian　Church　nor　any　branch　of　it；　nor　any　other　religious　organization；　will　step　into　the　gap。　It　may　bebut　I　do　not　think　this　is　likelythat　the　time　of　rites　and　ceremonies　and　formal　creeds　is　PAST；　and　churches　of　any　kind　will　be　no　more　needed　in　the　world：　not　likely；　I　say；　because　of　the　still　far　backwardness　of　the　human　masses；　and　their　considerable　dependence　yet　on　laws　and　forms　and　rituals。　Still；　if　it　should　prove　that　that　age　of　dependence　IS　really　approaching　its　end；　that　would　surely　be　a　matter　for　congratulation。　It　would　mean　that　mankind　was　moving　into　a　knowledge　of　the　REALITY　which　has　underlain　these　outer　showsthat　it　was　coming　into　the　Third　stage　of　its　Consciousness。　Having　found　this　there　would　be　no　need　for　it　to　dwell　any　longer　in　the　land　of　superstitions　and　formulae。　It　would　have　come　to　the　place　of　which　these　latter　are　only　the　outlying　indications。
  It　may；　therefore；　happenand　this　quite　independently　of　the　growth　of　a　World…cult　such　as　I　have　described；　though　by　no　means　in　antagonism　to　itthat　a　religious　philosophy　or　Theosophy　might　develop　and　spread；　similar　to　the　Gnonam　of　the　Hindus　or　the　Gnomsis　of　the　pre…Christian　sects；　which　would　become；　first　among　individuals　and　afterwards　among　large　bodies　over　the　world；　the　religion　ofor　perhaps　one　should　say　the　religious　approach　to　the　Third　State。　Books　like　the　Upanishads　of　the　Vedic　seers；　and　the　Bhagavat　Gita；　though　garbled　and　obscured　by　priestly　interferences　and　mystifications；　do　undoubtedly　represent　and　give　expression　to　the　highest　utterance　of　religious　experience　to　be　found　anywhere　in　the　world。　They　are　indeed　the　manuals　of　human　entrance　into　the　cosmic　state。　But　as　I　say；　and　as　has　happened　in　the　case　of　other　sacred　books；　a　vast　deal　of　rubbish　has　accreted　round　their　essential　teachings；　and　has　to　be　cleared　away。　To　go　into　a　serious　explication　of　the　meaning　of　these　books　would　be　far　too　large　an　affair；　and　would　be　foreign　to　the　purpose　of　the　present　volume；　but　I　have　in　the　Appendix　below　inserted　two　papers；　（on　〃Rest〃　and　〃The　Nature　of　the　Self〃）　containing　the　substance　of　lectures　given　on　the　above　books。　These　papers　or　lectures　are　couched　in　the　very　simplest　language；　free　from　Sanskrit　terms　and　the　usual　'jargon　of　the　Schools；'　and　may；　I　hope；　even　on　that　account　be　of　use　in　familiarizing　readers　who　are　not　specially　STUDENTS　with　the　ideas　and　mental　attitudes　of　the　cosmic　state。　Non…differentiation　（Advaita＇1＇）　is　the　root　attitude　of　the　mind　inculcated。
  ＇1＇　The　word　means　〃not…two…ness。〃　Here　we　see　a　great　subtlety　of　definition。　It　is　not　to　be　〃one〃　with　others　that　is　urged；　but　to　be　〃not　two。〃
  We　have　seen　that　there　has　been　an　age　of　non…differentiation　in　the　Past…non…differentiation　from　other　members　of　the　Tribe；　from　the　Animals；　from　Nature　and　the　Spirit　or　Spirits　of　nature；　why　should　there　not　arise　a　similar　sense　of　non…differentiation　in　the　FUTUREsimilar　but　more　extended　more　intelligent？　Certainly　this　WILL　arrive；　in　its　own　appointed　time。　There　will　be　a　surpassing　of　the　bounds　of　separation　and　division。　There　will　be　a　surpassing　of　all　Taboos。　We　have　seen　the　use　and　function　of　Taboos　in　the　early　stages　of　Evolution　and　how　progress　and　growth　have　been　very　much　a　matter　of　their　gradual　extinction　and　assimilation　into　the　general　body　of　rational　thought　and　feeling。　Unreasoning　and　idiotic　taboos　still　linger；　but　they　grow　weaker。　A　new　Morality　will　come　which　will　shake　itself　free　from　them。　The　sense　of　kinship　with　the　animals　（as　in　the　old　rituals）＇1＇　will　be　restored；　the　sense　of　kinship　with　all　the　races　of　mankind　will　grow　and　become　consolidated；　the　sense　of　the　defilement　and　impurity　of　the　human　body　will　（with　the　adoption　of　a　generally　clean　and　wholesome　life）　pass　away；　and　the　body　itself　will　come　to　be　regarded　more　as　a　collection　of　shrines　in　which　the　gods　may　be　worshiped　and　less　as　a　mere　organ　of　trivial　self…gratifications；＇2＇　there　will　be　no　form　of　Nature；　or　of　human　life　or　of　the　lesser　creatures；　which　will　be　barred　from　the　approach　of　Man　or　from　the　intimate　and　penetrating　invasion　of　his　spirit；　and　as　in　certain　ceremonies　and　after　honorable　toils　and　labors　a　citizen　is　sometimes　received　into　the　community　of　his　own　city；　so　the　emancipated　human　being　on　the　completion　of　his　long　long　pilgrimage　on　Earth　will　be　presented　with　the　Freedom　of　the　Universe。
  ＇1＇　The　record　of　the　Roman　Catholic　Church　has　been　sadly　Callous　and　inhuman　in　this　matter　of　the　animals。
  ＇2＇　See　The　Art　of　Creation；　by　E。　Carpenter。
  XVII。　CONCLUSION
  In　conclusion　there　does　not　seem　much　to　say；　except　to　accentuate　certain　points　which　may　still　appear　doubtful　or　capable　of　being　understood。
  The　fact　that　the　main　argument　of　this　volume　is　along　the　lines　of　psychological　evolution　will　no　doubt　commend　it　to　some；　while　on　the　other　hand　it　will　discredit　the　book　to　others　whose　eyes；　being　fixed　on　purely　MATERIAL　causes；　can　see　no　impetus　in　History　except　through　these。　But　it　must　be　remembered　that　there　is　not　the　least　reason　for　SEPARATING　the　two　factors。　The　fact　that　psychologically　man　has　evolved　from　simple　consciousness　to　self…consciousness；　and　is　now　in　process　of　evolution　towards　another　and　more　extended　kind　of　consciousness；　does　not　in　the　least　bar　the　simultaneous　appearance　and　influence　of　material　evolution。　It　is　clear　indeed　that　the　two　must　largely　go　together；　acting　and　reacting　on　each　other。　Whatever　the　physical　conditions　of　the　animal　brain　may　be　which　connect　themselves　with　simple　（unreflected　and　unreflecting）　consciousness；　it　is　evident　that　these　conditionsin　animals　and　primitive　manlasted　for　an　enormous　period；　before　the　distinct　consciousness　of　the　individual　and　separate　SELF　arose。　This　second　order　of　consciousness　seems　to　have　germinated　at　or　about　the　same　period　as　the　discovery　of　the　use　of　Tools　（tools　of　stone；　copper；　bronze；　&c。）；　the　adoption　of　picture…writing　and　the　use　of　reflective　words　（like　〃I〃　and　〃Thou〃）；　and　it　led　on　to　the　appreciation　of　gold　and　of　iron　with　their　ornamental　and　practical　values；　the　accumulation　of　Property；　the　establishment　of　slavery　of　various　kinds；　the　subjection　of　Women；　the　encouragement　of　luxury　and　self…indulgence；　the　growth　of　crowded　cities　and　the　endless　conflicts　and　wars　so　resulting。　We　can　see　plainly　that　the　incoming　of　the　self…motive　exercised　a　direct　stimulus　on　the　pursuit　of　these　material　objects　and　adaptations；　and　that　the　material　adaptations　in　their　turn　did　largely　accentuate　the　self…motive；　but　to　insist　that　the　real　explanation　of　the　whole　process　is　only　to　be　found　along　one　channelthe　material　OR　the　psychical　is　clearly　quite　unnecessary。　Those　who　understand　that　all　matter　is　conscious　in　some　degree；　and　that　all　consciousness　has　a　material　form　of　some　kind；　will　be　the　first　to　admit　this。
  The　same　remarks　apply　to　the　Third　Stage。　We　can　see　that　in　modern　times　the　huge　and　unlimited　powers　of　production　by　machinery；　united　with　a　growing　tendency　towards　intelligent　Birth…control；　are　preparing　the　way　for　an　age　of　Communism　and　communal　Plenty　which　will　inevitably　be　associated　（partly　as　cause　and　partly　as　effect）　with　a　new　general　phase　of　consciousness；　involving　the　mitigation　of　the　struggle　for　existence；　the　growth　of　intuitional　and　psychical　perception；　the　spread　of　amity　and　solidarity；　the　disappearance　of　War；　and　the　realization　（in　degree）　of　the　Cosmic　life。
  Perhaps　the　greatest　difficulty　or　stumbling…block　to　the　general　acceptance　of　the　belief　in　a　third